The document discusses different types of residential access networks that connect homes to the internet, including dial-up, DSL, cable modems, and fiber to the home. It provides details on the infrastructure and bandwidth capabilities of each type of access network.
Module 1
Data communication components : Physical media, Packet switching, Circuit switching, Delay, loss and throughput,
Network topology, Protocols and standards, OSI model, Connecting LAN and virtual LAN
Module 1
Data communication components : Physical media, Packet switching, Circuit switching, Delay, loss and throughput,
Network topology, Protocols and standards, OSI model, Connecting LAN and virtual LAN
Myassignmenthelpers.com is an Online service provider for Computer Network assignments & homework problems. Our online experts provide Computer Network Assignment help & Computer Network homework help with aims to help college students across the globe. Our writers provide you unique data along with a plagiarised report so that you can ensure that your data is unique. Our writers are available 24*7. Please send your complete requirements at support@myassignmenthelpers.com or else attach on the website. You can also discuss the requirements with our chat agent.
The presentation introduces to the computer network basics. Local, metropolian and wide area networks explained. Point-to-point, bus and star network topologies. Unicast, multicast and broadcast transmissions. What is a broadcast storm and how to split a broadcast domain. Virtual local networks (VLANs), VLAN tags, VLAN trunks and multilayer switches are also explained.
Course Code: CS-301
Course Title: Introduction to Computing.
Degree: BS (SE, CS, BIO)
Contents of this chapter:
Basic information about computer networks, types of computer networks. Other contents include:
1. List four major benefits of connecting computers to form a network.
2. Define the terms LAN, WAN, and MAN.
3. List the three types of networks.
4. Name the three physical topologies used to build networks.
Myassignmenthelpers.com is an Online service provider for Computer Network assignments & homework problems. Our online experts provide Computer Network Assignment help & Computer Network homework help with aims to help college students across the globe. Our writers provide you unique data along with a plagiarised report so that you can ensure that your data is unique. Our writers are available 24*7. Please send your complete requirements at support@myassignmenthelpers.com or else attach on the website. You can also discuss the requirements with our chat agent.
The presentation introduces to the computer network basics. Local, metropolian and wide area networks explained. Point-to-point, bus and star network topologies. Unicast, multicast and broadcast transmissions. What is a broadcast storm and how to split a broadcast domain. Virtual local networks (VLANs), VLAN tags, VLAN trunks and multilayer switches are also explained.
Course Code: CS-301
Course Title: Introduction to Computing.
Degree: BS (SE, CS, BIO)
Contents of this chapter:
Basic information about computer networks, types of computer networks. Other contents include:
1. List four major benefits of connecting computers to form a network.
2. Define the terms LAN, WAN, and MAN.
3. List the three types of networks.
4. Name the three physical topologies used to build networks.
Slide ini adalah copyright dari buku Computer Networking : A Top-Down Approach (5th Edition) by James F. Kurose and Keith W. Rose.
Tutorial versi video berbahasa indonesia dapat diakses di http://www.pecollege.net/ViewVideoList.aspx?list=9
Ini gratis
A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other to share resources and information. These devices can include computers, servers, routers, switches, printers, and more. Networks can vary in size and complexity, from small local networks within a home or office to vast global networks like the internet.
The Slides Introduction of Computer Network. All about the course will explain in the slides, read to understand what we should learn. Computer Networking is the practice of connecting computers together to enable communication and data exchange between them. In general, Computer Network is a collection of two or more computers. It helps users to communicate more easily. In this article, we are going to discuss the basics which everyone must know before going deep into Computer Networking.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
Week1.2 intro
1. Chapter 1
Introduction
A note on the use of these ppt slides:
We’re making these slides freely available to all (faculty, students, readers).
They’re in PowerPoint form so you can add, modify, and delete slides
(including this one) and slide content to suit your needs. They obviously Computer Networking:
represent a lot of work on our part. In return for use, we only ask the A Top Down Approach ,
following:
If you use these slides (e.g., in a class) in substantially unaltered form, 3rd/5th edition.
that you mention their source (after all, we’d like people to use our book!) Jim Kurose, Keith Ross
If you post any slides in substantially unaltered form on a www site, that
you note that they are adapted from (or perhaps identical to) our slides, and Pearson/Addison-
note our copyright of this material. Wesley, April 2009.
Thanks and enjoy! JFK/KWR
All material copyright 1996-2009
J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved
Introduction 1-1
2. Story So Far
•
Taxonomy of communication networks:
Broadcast & connected
•
Types of communication mechanisms: Circuit-
switched & Packet-switched
Circuit-switched: reliable, guaranteed
bandwidth but not scalable
Packet-switched: unreliable, no bandwidth
guarantees but scalable
•
Packet-switching preferred
Datagram packet-switching : Internet! (large)
Virtual-circuit Switching: QoS networks
(small)
3. Story so far
•
Protocols (for Datagram packet switching)
Definition of protocol
Examples: HTTP, TCP, SMTP, IP
Need for different protocols
Communication protocols: making two end hosts
understand each other
Control protocols: enabling intermediate nodes
to make decision on routing data
Packet switching is best-effort
Need additional mechanisms to handle problems
Security mechanisms required for intentional
errors
4. Story So far
•
Datagram packet switching
No resource reservations for packets
Path is determined using destination address found in packet
headers
Intermediate nodes maintain routing tables → prefix
(aggregated list of destination addresses) to link maps
•
Main Issues to resolve (among others)!
Reliability: packet loss, congestion control, & flow control →
End host ↔ end host (e.g., TCP)
Networking : building small networks → link ↔ link issue (e.g.,
Ethernet)
Connectivity: linking smaller networks → network ↔ network
(e.g., IP)
– Routing: finding paths among connected networks → packet
switch ↔ packet switch (e.g., RIP, OSPF)
5. Today
Overview of Internet & Networking
Technologies
Network Performance metrics
7. What’s the Internet: “nuts and bolts” view
PC millions of connected Mobile network
server computing devices: Global ISP
wireless hosts = end systems
laptop
running network
cellular
handheld apps Home network
Regional ISP
communication links
access fiber, copper,
points
wired
radio, satellite Institutional network
links transmission
rate = bandwidth
routers: forward
router
packets (chunks of
data)
Introduction 1-7
8. What’s the Internet: “nuts and bolts” view
Mobile network
protocols control sending,
receiving of msgs Global ISP
e.g., TCP, IP, HTTP, Skype,
Ethernet
Home network
Internet: “network of
networks” Regional ISP
loosely hierarchical
public Internet versus Institutional network
private intranet
Internet standards
RFC: Request for comments
IETF: Internet Engineering
Task Force
Introduction 1-8
9. What’s the Internet: a service view
communication
infrastructure enables
distributed applications:
Web, VoIP, email, games,
e-commerce, file sharing
communication services
provided to apps:
reliable data delivery
from source to
destination
“best effort” (unreliable)
data delivery
Introduction 1-9
10. A closer look at network structure:
network edge:
applications and
hosts
access networks,
physical media:
wired, wireless
communication links
network core:
interconnected
routers
network of
networks Introduction 1-10
11. The network edge:
end systems (hosts):
run application programs
e.g. Web, email
at “edge of network” peer-peer
client/server model
client host requests, receives
service from always-on server
client/server
e.g. Web browser/server; email
client/server
peer-peer model:
minimal (or no) use of
dedicated servers
e.g. Skype, BitTorrent
Introduction 1-11
13. Access networks and physical media
Q: How to connect end
systems to edge router?
residential access nets
institutional access
networks (school,
company)
mobile access networks
Keep in mind:
bandwidth (bits per
second) of access
network?
shared or dedicated?
Introduction 1-13
14. Dial-up Modem
central
office
telephone
network Internet
home ISP
home
dial-up modem
PC
modem (e.g., AOL)
Uses existing telephony infrastructure
Home is connected to central office
up to 56Kbps direct access to router (often less)
Can’t surf and phone at same time: not “always on”
15. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Existing phone line: Internet
0-4KHz phone; 4-50KHz
home upstream data; 50KHz-1MHz
phone downstream data
DSLAM
telephone
splitter network
DSL
modem central
office
home
PC
Also uses existing telephone infrastruture
up to 1 Mbps upstream (today typically < 256 kbps)
up to 8 Mbps downstream (today typically < 1 Mbps)
dedicated physical line to telephone central office
16. Residential access: cable modems
Does not use telephone infrastructure
Instead uses cable TV infrastructure
HFC: hybrid fiber coax
asymmetric: up to 30Mbps downstream, 2
Mbps upstream
network of cable and fiber attaches homes to
ISP router
homes share access to router
unlike DSL, which has dedicated access
Introduction 1-16
18. Cable Network Architecture: Overview
Typically 500 to 5,000 homes
cable headend
home
cable distribution
network (simplified)
Introduction 1-18
19. Cable Network Architecture: Overview
server(s)
cable headend
home
cable distribution
network
Introduction 1-19
20. Cable Network Architecture: Overview
cable headend
home
cable distribution
network (simplified)
Introduction 1-20
21. Cable Network Architecture: Overview
FDM
C
O
V V V V V V N
I I I I I I D D T
D D D D D D A A R
E E E E E E T T O
O O O O O O A A L
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Channels
cable headend
home
cable distribution
network
Introduction 1-21
22. Fiber to the Home
ONT
Internet optical
fibers
ONT
optical
fiber
OLT
optical
central office splitter
ONT
Optical links from central office to the home
Two competing optical technologies:
Passive Optical network (PON) : smaller range
Active Optical Network (PAN) : better inter-operability
Much higher Internet rates; fiber also carries
television and phone services
23. Ethernet Internet access
100 Mbps Institutional
router
Ethernet To Institution’s
switch ISP
100 Mbps
1 Gbps
100 Mbps
server
Typically used in companies, universities, etc
10 Mbs, 100Mbps, 1Gbps, 10Gbps Ethernet
Today, end systems typically connect into Ethernet
switch
24. Wireless access networks
shared wireless access
network connects end system
to router router
via base station aka “access
point”
base
wireless LANs: station
802.11b/g (WiFi): 11 or 54 Mbps
wider-area wireless access
provided by telco operator
~1Mbps over cellular system
mobile
(EVDO, HSDPA)
WiMAX (10’s Mbps) over wide
hosts
area
USB modem based (3.1 Mbps)
Introduction 1-24
25. Home networks : Summary
Typical home network components:
DSL or cable modem
router/firewall/NAT
Ethernet
wireless access
point
wireless
to/from laptops
cable router/
cable
modem firewall
headend
wireless
access
Ethernet point
Introduction 1-25
33. Internet structure: network of networks
“Tier-2” ISPs: smaller (often regional) ISPs
Connect to one or more tier-1 ISPs, possibly other tier-2 ISPs
Tier-2 ISPs
Tier-2 ISP pays Tier-2 ISP also peer
Tier-2 ISP privately with
tier-1 ISP for
connectivity to Tier 1 ISP each other.
rest of Internet
tier-2 ISP is
customer of
tier-1 provider Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier-2 ISP
Tier-2 ISP Tier-2 ISP
Introduction 1-33
34. Internet structure: network of networks
“Tier-3” ISPs and local ISPs
last hop (“access”) network (closest to end systems)
local
ISP Tier 3 local
local local
ISP ISP
ISP ISP
Local and tier- Tier-2 ISP Tier-2 ISP
3 ISPs are
customers of Tier 1 ISP
higher tier
ISPs
connecting
them to rest
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier-2 ISP
of Internet
local
Tier-2 ISP Tier-2 ISP
ISP
local local local
ISP ISP ISP Introduction 1-34
35. Internet structure: network of networks
a packet passes through many networks!
local
ISP Tier 3 local
local local
ISP ISP
ISP ISP
Tier-2 ISP Tier-2 ISP
Tier 1 ISP
Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Tier-2 ISP
local
Tier-2 ISP Tier-2 ISP
ISP
local local local
ISP ISP ISP Introduction 1-35
37. Acknowledgment & Copyright
Acknowledgment: The instructor duly
acknowledges the authors of the text book
“Computer Networking: A Top-down approach”,
James Kurose & Keith Ross and the instructors
of EE122 “Computer Networks” course at UC
Berkeley, Ian Stoica, Scott Shenker, Jennifer
Rexford, Vern Paxson and other instructors at
Princeton University for the course material.
Copyright: Certain modifications have been done
to adapt the slides to the current audience and
copyrighted by the instructor -Bruhadeshwar
(Instructor) CSC335/CS3350 2011 Spring (C)