Social movements in Thailand have taken both violent and non-violent forms to enact political reforms, but sometimes in harmful ways like the deadly 2010 Red Shirt Movement. A new form of online social movement has emerged with the rise of internet access in Thailand, allowing people to put pressure on the government through negative comments on social media. While social movements can modernize Thailand, it is important to analyze the effects of current movements and possible solutions to avoid future controversies that may harm the country's development.

1. Literature Review

2. Literature Review
 The literature review for a case study research paper is generally structured
the same as it is for any college-level research paper.
 The difference, however, is that the literature review is focused on providing
background information and enabling historical interpretation of the
subject of analysis in relation to the research problem the case is intended
to address.

3. Literature review includes synthesizing studies
that help to:
1. Place relevant works in the context of their contribution to understanding the
case study being investigated. This would include summarizing studies that have
used a similar subject of analysis to investigate the research problem. If there is
literature using the same or a very similar case to study, you need to explain why
duplicating past research is important [e.g., conditions have changed; prior studies
were conducted long ago, etc.].
2. Describe the relationship each work has to the others under consideration that
informs the reader why this case is applicable. Your literature review should
include a description of any works that support using the case to study the
research problem and the underlying research questions.

4. 3. Identify new ways to interpret prior research using the case study. If applicable, review any
research that has examined the research problem using a different research design. Explain
how your case study design may reveal new knowledge or a new perspective or that can
redirect research in an important new direction.
4. Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory previous studies. This refers to
synthesizing any literature that points to unresolved issues of concern about the research
problem and describing how the subject of analysis that forms the case study can help resolve
these existing contradictions.
5. Point the way in fulfilling a need for additional research. Your review should examine any
literature that lays a foundation for understanding why your case study design and the subject
of analysis around which you have designed your study may reveal a new way of
approaching the research problem or offer a perspective that points to the need for additional
research.

5. 6. Expose any gaps that exist in the literature that the case study could help
to fill. Summarize any literature that not only shows how your subject of
analysis contributes to understanding the research problem, but how your case
contributes to a new way of understanding the problem that prior research has
failed to do.
7. Locate your own research within the context of existing literature [very
important!]. Collectively, your literature review should always place your case
study within the larger domain of prior research about the problem. The
overarching purpose of reviewing pertinent literature in a case study paper is
to demonstrate that you have thoroughly identified and synthesized prior
studies in the context of explaining the relevance of the case in addressing the
research problem.

6. Your literature review should have at least 3 related
studies/sources.
1. Summarize the main point each study/source.
2. Synthesize the 3 related sources.
3. Find the gap. Address the gap by linking it to your current study.
4. Explain the significance of your case study.

7. Background of the Problem
In Thailand, there have been many reforms influenced by social movements but the most vivid effects that currently caused by social
movements are the fissionable Thailand’s image, legal changes and the gap cover of laws. This paper will analyse the political reforms
influenced by today’s social movements and how they are being strengthened. The word “social movement” is ambiguous. For most
people it sounds positive but for some it sounds tiring. The most popular definition of social movement is a campaign or demonstration
usually in fierce forms (but not always) to put pressure on the government to change the law or to demolish the laws (Christiansen, 2009).
Traditional form of social movements takes a lot of physical energy like going on strike on the burning streets in the 30+ degrees Celsius
temperature weather. The world has seen many bloody types of social movement that ended millions of people’s lives atrociously.
Specifically, in Thailand, there have been several savage social movements that dramatically ended the advocates’ lives like in the case
of the Red Shirt Movement in 2010. In 2010 Red Shirt movement, the advocates claimed themselves to be supporters for the real
democracy and wanted to demolish illegitimate government, but their goal was not that easy, besides, the movement left 91 people
lifeless and more than 2,000 people wounded due to the response of the opposite interest groups (Forsyth, 2010). In addition, today in
the 21st century, as the internet is emerging to make life easier, a new form of social movement is experienced – the online social
movement. The online social movement in Thailand has been playing a significant role since the internet is accessed, and it is getting more
powerful every single second. Even though this new type of social movement is not focused on violence, it is powerful no less than the
traditional type. Just open any social media app and you will see that people comment negatively against the government on some
posts to influence government to change specific types of policies that go against their preferences and interests (Meesuwan, 2016). In
conclusion, Thailand social movements, both violent and non-violent forms, can be beneficial to make the country more modernised, but
sometimes it is also harmful that it can make the country lose her chance to develop effectively. Furthermore, evidently from the above
that proves how strong and tragic the social movement’s influences and the new tools for social advocates like the social media are, it is
worth to analyse the effects of today’s social movement in Thailand and determine the possible solutions that can protect the country
from future controversies that can possibly appear.

8. Some questions to consider while writing the
background information:
1. Describe the issue(s) in details. Provide evidence (facts / statistics)
2. Define essential concepts
3. Also refer briefly to previous research. What theories have been offered?
4. Are there concepts, terms, theories, or ideas that may be unfamiliar to the reader and,
thus, require additional explanation?
5. Are there historical elements that need to be explored in order to provide needed
context, to highlight specific people, issues, or events, or to lay a foundation for
understanding the emergence of a current issue or event?