this explains how greeks knew that the earth is spherical

1. Learning Competency: Explain how
the Greeks knew that the Earth is
spherical (S11/12PS-IVa-38)

2. They are much noted for their contribution in different
fields. They were not only great philosophers but great
scientists and mathematician as well.
K R G E E S

3. It claims that the planets moved in a complicated system of
circles. This model also became known as the Ptolemic System.
C I M E L O T P
L E D O M

4. The shape of the Earth. It has bulging equator and
squeezed poles.
T O B A L E
R O D I H S P E

5. It was believed to be in fixed position in the sky.
However, when the Greeks traveled to places nearer
the equator, like Egypt, they noticed that it is closer to
the horizon.
T H O N R S R A T

6. A student of Plato and considered as one of the
greatest philosophers of his time; his earth-
centered view dominated for almost 2,000 years.
S A R T I T L O E

24. 1. Which of the following is the shape of
the Earth according to ancient Greeks?
a. Circle
b. Octagon
c. Flat disc
d. Octagon

25. 2. What is the shape of the earth as
described by modern astronomy?
a. Ellipsoid
b. Hyperboloid
c. Oblate paraboloid
d. Oblate spheroid

26. 3. Which of the following ancient Greek
philosopher computed for the circumference
of the Earth?
a. Anaxagoras
b. Pythagoras
c. Eratosthenes
d. Aristotle

27. 4. According to Eratosthenes’ computations
what is the circumference of the Earth?
a. 250 000 stadia
b. 500 stadia
c. 7.2 stadia
d. 40 000 stadia

28. 5. In which of the following is 250 000
stadia equal to?
a. 40 000 inches
b. 40 000 meters
c. 40 000 kilometers
d. 40 000 miles

29. Learning Competency: Cite examples of
astronomical phenomena known to
astronomers before the advent of
telescopes (S11/12PS-IVa-41)

30. Babylonian and
Egyptian
civilizations used
a primitive version
of a sundial,
called Gnomon,
in systematically
observing the
motion of the sun.

33. ANCIENT PEOPLE AND ASTRONOMERS OFTEN SAW DESIGNS
OR GROUPINGS IN THE STARS AND NAMED THEM AFTER
VARIOUS RELIGIOUS FIGURES, ANIMALS, AND OBJECTS.

34. Diurnal Motion
is the daily
motion of the sun,
moon, stars and
planets that
appear to appear
to move across
the sky

35. Annual Motion
is the
apparent yearly
movement of
stars as observed
from Earth as a
direct effect of the
Earth’s
revolution around
the Sun

36. Precession of the Equinoxes
Refers to the observable phenomena of the
rotation of the heavens which spans a period of
25, 920 years.
Equal length of time of day and night
The Sun is directly above the equator
Vernal (spring) equinox- March 20-21
Autumnal (fall) equinox- September 22-23

37. Solstice - refers to the longer length of
time of day and night
Summer solstice- around June 21-22 in the
Northern Hemisphere
Longest day of the year and marks the
beginning of summer
Winter solstice- around December 21-22
Shortest day of the year and marks the
beginning of winter

45. -Moon passes
through the
Earth’s shadows
-Happens during
a full moon
-Occurs about
twice every one
(1) year
-Lasts for
about an hour
-Occur when
one space
object moves
into the
shadow of
another
-Sun’s light is
blocked by the
Moon
-Happens during
a New Moon
-Occurs about
twice every three
(3) years
-Lasts for a
few minutes
Lunar Eclipse Both Solar Eclipse

46. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and
Saturn are the planets discovered
Called “wanderer”

50. Directions: Label the following statements as True or False.
If the statement is false, underline the word/s that make it
false and change it to make it true.
_________ 1. Around once a month phases of the Moon
cycle repeats.
_________ 2. For a solar eclipse to occur, the alignment must
be: Sun, Moon, and Earth.
_________ 3. Lunar eclipse can occur during New Moon.
_________ 4. Venus is known as the Morning star.
_________ 5. Blue is the color as the hottest star.

51. _________ 6. Constellations were originally named and
identified by people or animals they may resembled.
_________ 7. Liberation is an apparent or real oscillation of
the moon, by which parts near the edge of the disc that are
not often visible from the earth sometimes come into view.
_________ 8. 5,000 stars can be seen with the naked eye.
_________ 9. The word planet comes from the Greek word
“PLANETES” meaning wonder.
________ 10. All stars are composed of hot glowing
magma.

52. Learning Competency: Explain how Brahe’s
innovation and extensive collection of data
in observational astronomy paved the way
for Kepler’s discovery of his laws of
planetary motion.

58. KEPLER'S THREE LAWS OF PLANETARY
MOTION CAN BE DESCRIBED AS
FOLLOWS:
 The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in
shape, with the center of the sun being located at one
focus. (The Law of Ellipses)
 An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun
to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas
in equal intervals of time. (The Law of Equal Areas)
 The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two
planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their
average distances from the sun. (The Law of
Harmonies)