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WebMate: A Tool for Testing Web 2.0 Applications
- 1. WebMate: A Tool for Testing Web 2.0 Applications
- 2. OutLine • Introduction • Problem Statement • Key Points • WebMate Framework • Challenges (Academic Vs Industrial) • Advantages • References
- 3. Introduction • Software testing has became a separate specialization in IT industry. • Many techniques have been proposed. • WebMate (developed by Germans)is one of the flourishing tool for web app testing. • Today web apps are enriched on web 2.0 due to JavaScript.
- 4. Problem Statement • The problem occurs when web applications don’t grasp same functionalities across different browsers . • TestCases were generated manually, by visually comparing the functionalities. • Transferring an academic approach on WebMate into commercial/real world.
- 5. Key Points • Understanding DOM • Selenium Framework
- 6. Understanding DOM • Document object model • When a web page is loaded, the browser creates a Document Object Model of the page. • The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for HTML and XML documents
- 7. example <html> <head> <title>Example</title> </head> <body> <h1>Example Page</h1> <p>This is an example page.</p> </body> </html>
- 8. DOM
- 9. How Selenium works? • the client; he tells the taxi driver where he wants to go and how to get there • the taxi driver; he executes the client's requests; the taxi driver sends his own requests to the car • the car; the car executes the taxi driver's requests
- 11. Cont… • test engineer that writes the automation code; the automation code sends requests to the browser driver component • the browser driver component; it executes the test engineer requests; it sends its own request to the browser • the browser; it executes the browser driver requests
- 14. Previous Work Limitations • More than one release cycle of web app causes problem in writing TestCases. • When any element changed during extraction of states the whole test suite breaks. • No proper refactoring tool. • Such tests were analyzed manually by screen shots in oracle part of testing or ignored sometimes.
- 15. WebMate • A tool for automatically generating TesCases. • It automatically explores the functionalities of web applications. • Detects differences across multiple browser as well as different release cycle of same application.
- 16. Cont.. Functionalities • Employs Selenium Framework to remote control browser. • Trigger actions. • Inspects current DOM states. • Automatic analysis and reporting .
- 17. Cont..(How WebMate works?) • Enter URL as input • WebMate analyzes web app and learns usage model. • That Usage Model allows to run different analysis such as cross-browser compatibility checks. • Results of analysis then can be reported back to the user.
- 18. Cont..(cont..)
- 19. Cont..(Usage Model) • After extraction of DOM states by triggering actions WebMate generates usage model of user interaction. • It is a graph where nodes correspond to states of the application, and a transition represents a single interaction with the application.
- 21. Cont.. • When WebMate learns the usage model there will be an oracle suit for compatibility analysis. • This incorporate the automatic decision that either the given behavior correct or not and exactable or not. • Reference browser was baseline. • WebMate generates test and replay them in different browsers. • Then highlights the differences.
- 24. Challenges(Research approach Vs Industrial/Real World) • In research prototype authors wanted tool to be implemented as expected easily. • In real life there would be a market for consulting services in which assembling of pilot customers were compulsory.
- 25. Cont.. Identifying User Elements • In research approach authors only implemented analysis for DOM, JQuery and prototype event handlers. • While in Real life there is a huge amount of different programming techniques.
- 26. Cont.. Identifying Application States • WebMate can explore the visible and active user interface elements rather than exploring other unnecessary application states. • Industrially this factor was almost covered academically. Now WebMate can supports number of state abstractions.
- 27. Cont.. User input and authentication • Initially WebMate has hard coded login procedure for Web sites in which combination of username/password was given to access the next page. • In real life there were many input forms such as ZIP code entry etc, this was then again covered by Customization.
- 28. Cont.. Oracles • If sequence of User Interaction results in different set of user interface elements, WebMate will report that. • WebMate to be ready for real world latter allowed to handle HTTP errors, Elements positioning, browser crash report errors.
- 29. Cont.. Security • There is a security threat for WebMate that it couldn’t be install on server that’s why used as appliance (intranet) in real life.
- 30. Advantages • Provide better exploration than CrawlJax • Uses existing Selenium framework. • Maximize coverage and least states.
- 31. References • V. Dallmeier, M. Burger, T. Orth, and A. Zeller, “Webmate: Generating test cases for web 2.0,” in Software Quality. Increasing Value in Software and Systems Development. Springer, Jan. 2013, pp. 55–69. • https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/03/40- stand-alone-javascript-libraries-for-specific-purposes/ • https://www.quora.com/How-does-the-Selenium- WebDriver-work • https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2- Core/introduction.html