Waysoftheworldpart1

Ways of The World
1750 - 2010
By Misty Sims

Ways of The World
1750 - 2010
By Misty Sims

Chapter 17 The American Revolution 1775 -1787

 The revolution that spurred the Atlantic revolutions
 America’s fight for Independence from Britain
 Britain was leaning heavily on the colonies for
financial sustenance
 “Taxation without representation” The thirteen
Colonies in America were not represented in
Parliament, therefore Britain could impose any
legislation and began oppressing the thirteen
Colonies with increasing taxation

Chapter 17 The American Revolution 1775-1787

 The Colonies had established Provincial Congress by 1774 with the ability to
form individual self governing states
 American War of Independence was launched in 1775
 The Declaration of Independence was created in July 1776 by congress, thus
severing ties with Britain and the Monarchy forming a new government based on
a representative government that is “responsible to the will of the people”
 A National government was firmly established in 1788 with the ratification of
the Constitution Of the United States
 Unifying the thirteen Colonies and forming a Nation was the beginning of
westward expansion that contributed to the great Global power the United
States became by the twentieth Century

Chapter 17 The American Revolution 1775 - 1787
 The Birth of Democracy and
Hope for Tomorrow
 The “Right to Revolution”
written in the Declaration of
Independence gave inspiration to
the politically oppressed
 The American War of
Independence was the template
and inspiration for many
countries across the Atlantic
suffering from tyranny
 French soldiers returning home
from giving aid to the American
Colonists were “awakened” by
the American revolution
 The Bill of Rights created in
1789, establishes and protects
the personal rights and
liberties of individuals
 The Bill of Rights was the first
document of this political
nature and the enlightenment
ideas that it embodied
contributed to political
upheavals around the world for
James Madison
The next century

Chapter 18 The Industrial Revolution

 The Industrial Revolution changed
the world forever
 Most European country’s economics
were based on agriculture
 Britain’s economy was based on
agriculture as well and they were
prospering commercially throughout
Europe
 The Industrial Revolution began in
Britain in1750 and exploded in the
1800’s and continued into the early
1900’s
 Historically the spinning jenny was
attributed to the beginning of the
Industrial Revolution, this was used
in the textile industry increasing
production of cotton garments.
Britain went from 52 million pounds
of cotton used in1800 to 588 million
pounds in 1850
 The steam engine really propelled
the industrial revolution for Britain
 Britain had an edge over other
European Nations because of its vast
natural resource in coal and had
been utilizing a steam engine for
mining purposes only, but
enhancements were created and the
Steam engine evolved

Chapter 18 Industrial Revolution

 Britain’s political views invited economic ingenuity as well as
embracing individuals with practical skills regardless of their
religious beliefs thus increasing their labor force and productivity
 Britain transitioned from an agricultural economy to an industrial
economy
 In Britain a huge population migration took place, many people
relocated from the rural areas into the city where work was
plentiful
 Britain experienced a population explosion during the Industrial
Revolution

Chapter 18 The Industrial revolution

 The Industrial Revolution affected Family dynamics, labor issues as well
as social values
 The Industrial revolution’s driving philosophy of improvement and
production had adverse effects for Britain
 Britain's society focused more on mass production than the individual
 Britain's labor force endured abuse and hardships, such as child labor,
demanding hours and extremely hazardous working conditions
 Britain experienced Environmental pollution due to the Industrial
Revolution creating more hazards for society
 The Industrial Revolution changed the world creating both positive and
negative consequences for the world

Chapter Nineteen Opium Wars

 Nations that embraced the Industrial revolution became global
powers with increased wealth and military superiority
 Not every Nation embraced the Industrial Revolution and those
that did not were treated with condescension and racism
evolved
 Britain became a global power
 Britain wanted to expand its trade with China, they had a huge
demand for tea, porcelain and silk
 China did not want to extend their trade with the western world
and implemented restrictions


 The Opium Wars also known as the Anglo- Chinese Wars broke out when
the Qing Emperor of China restricted Britain's trade
 Britain, instead of depleting its silver, exchanged opium for goods
 The Qing Emperor of China only wanted silver and prohibited opium for
trade
 Britain continued to smuggle opium into China
 China was gradually becoming paralyzed by addiction to Opium, millions
of Chinese were addicted to opium
 China seized and destroyed three million pounds of Opium and forced the
western traders to leave China
 First opium War 1839 -1842
 Britain was outraged by the destruction of property and invaded China
with its strong military in an attempt to “teach” China the proper “virtues”
of trade


 China was defeated by the British in the First Opium War and signed The Treaty of
Nanjing , the first of the “unequal treaties”
 In The Nanjing Treaty China had to pay over 21 million dollars, open five Ports for
trade, and cede Honk Kong to the British for 100 years, thus making Hong Kong a
British colony, foreigners were allowed to travel and live in China under their own
laws
 Second Opium War 1856- 1858, Discord continuously erupted between the British and
the Chinese creating hostility, a French missionary was killed and a British ship was
searched by Chinese officials , Britain and France joined forces and attacked China
 China conceded victory after the Emperor’s Summer Palace was attacked
 China signed the Treaty of Tianjin, they gave up eleven more ports, permitted the
Foreigners to buy land and legalized opium trade
 China suffered a harsh blow after The Opium Wars, and piece by piece China was being
divided up by foreign nations, such as Britain, France, Russia, America and Japan
 China became dependent on Western Nations which stifled any Industrial development
for China

Chapter 20 Christian Missionaries

 The origin of Missionary work began in society in 33 AD with the
command of the“Great Commission” From Jesus Christ - to go out
and make Disciples of all Nations
 For the Christian making Disciples of all Nations is not optional
it is core and foundational to their belief system as it is a
commandment from God
 Missions are Divinely Inspired
 Important to clarify, is that any social system, society or
organization that man endeavors in is fallible by the mere
creature nature of man himself


 The Colonization of foreign countries opened a door for Missionary work
 Missionaries were instrumental in bringing public awareness to the
atrocities of the slave trade
 David Livingston a prominent Missionary work diligently for the cessation of
slavery
 Missionaries broke through the racial barriers that were prevalent between
African Blacks and most colonizing white officials and white visitors
 Missionaries broke through language barriers by learning the various
languages in Africa
 Missionaries were hard working and lived amongst the natives of Africa as
opposed to segregating themselves off like the colonizing people that were
in Africa merely for purely economical purposes


 Missionaries helped in the development of
agriculture
 Missionaries brought medicine and aid to the
colonized nations
 Missionaries brought education to the colonized
nations
 Missionaries taught people to read and write
 In Africa many mission schools were built and this
aided the women, the poor and many oppressed
people groups

Chapter 21 The Holocaust

 After WWI “The Great War” many Nations fell into
an economic depression
 Fascism was spreading throughout parts of
Europe, these political ideologies were formed in
an attempt to promote Nationalism and recover
from the depression
 Germany’s economy dropped significantly after
losing in WWI, given hard times a Nation is very
susceptible to a ruthless dictator taking over,
Creating a sense of Nationalism as the platform
for reform, and such was the case for Germany


 Adolph Hitler came into power in Germany under the Nationalist
umbrella, he was a ruthless dictator and in his Nationalistic
political ideology he developed the idea of a supreme race of
Germans, this led to the extermination of millions of Jews, whom
Hitler believed were evil and a threat to German Nationalism As
Hitler referred to as “the Jewish problem”
 Genocide- Concentration camps were set up, the main purpose of
establishing these camps was to exterminate the Jewish people
 The Jewish people were segregated out, at first placed in
ghettos then later were packed into box cars on trains and sent
to concentration camps
 Many died on the trains, the conditions were so bad,
overcrowded and no place to relieve oneself, abominable cruel
and devastating transportation


 Upon arrival to the concentration camps, Each Jewish person was
immediately shaved, Tons of human hair was extracted for resale, as
well as any gold or silver fillings
 Selection was made decisively who would be exterminated immediately
and who would serve as laborers. Most Jewish children were
immediately selected for extermination
 The total number of Holocaust victims is somewhere between Eleven
and Seventeen Million people killed by Nazi Germany
 Over Six Million European Jews were killed, exterminated by Nazi
Germany, this was over two thirds of the total population of Nine
Million European Jews
 The Jewish people were cruelly experimented on, Gassed in
concentration camps, huge crematoriums were constructed for the
bodies, mass executions took place in fields with mass burials. The
Holocaust one of the worst atrocities ever done to human beings

Chapter 22 Mao Zedong
 Mao Zedong was born in 1893 in
ShaoShan China, his father was a peasant
farmer
 Mao Zedong became a follower of
Marxism around 1911and became a member
of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) when it
was established in 1921
 Mao Zedong was encouraged by the
success of the Russian revolution, Mao
maintained the same vision for China
 Mao fought in China’s revolutionary war
in 1911
 By 1937 Mao Zedong had already formed
a strong communist army
 Mao Zedong fought the Japanese invasion
in 1937, Joining forces with the
Nationalist led by Chiang Kai-Shek
 Mao Zedong’s guerilla communist, Chinese
Red army fought the Japanese
 At the end of WWII Mao Zedong’s
communist, Chinese Red Army fought the
Nationalists led by Chiang Kai-Shek , Mao
defeated them and Chiang Kai-Shek left
for Taiwan forming The Republic of China
 The People’s Republic of China was
officially established on October 1,
1949, by Mao Zedong

 Since it’s formation in1921 to 1949,
it took the Chinese communist Party
Twenty eight years to gain power in
China
 Mao Zedong became a Brutal
dictator over China , riding China of
religion and it’s cultural heritage
 ‘The Great Leap Forward’ was one
of Mao Zedong’s social initiatives to
move China forward and modernize
and make good use of the massive
cheap labor
 With the ‘Great Leap Forward’
private farming was outlawed and
food became rationed
 Mao’s ‘Great Leap Forward’ was
disastrous for China
 Mao refused to heed advice from
engineers and intellectuals, this
went against communist protocol,
so the steel produced was inferior
and China did not experience the
industrial advances Mao had hoped
for

 Many restrictions were placed on the Chinese
people, social pressures and violence broke out
 People were placed to live on communes, no
longer possessing property rights, many people
starved to death
 ‘The Great Leap Forward’ contributed to the
deaths of at least Twenty Million Chinese and
numbers could be as high as forty three million
 ‘The Cultural revolution’ was also disastrous for
China
 Mao Zedong thought that china was being brought
down by internal forces and that many were
becoming a new class of elitist
 Mao Zedong closed down schools, relocated
intellectuals to rural areas and hard labor
 Mao Zedong also destroyed much of China’s
beautiful art, claiming that anything before 1949
should be destroyed, he burned books and tried to
rid China of much of her cultural heritage, 6,000
monasteries were destroyed
 Many people were persecuted, tortured and
executed during the cultural revolution, at least
three million people died
 The cultural Revolution finally ended with the
death of Mao Zedong on September 9, 1976
 Fifty to seventy Million deaths are attributed to
Mao Zedong dictatorship in China

Chapter 23 Gandhi
 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
was born on October 2,1869
in Gujarat India
 He traveled to England to
study Law when he was
Eighteen years old
 In 1893 he worked for an
Indian company in South Africa
 While working In South Africa
Gandhi personally
experienced racism
 He began protesting racial
segregation and gaining public
appeal in South Africa
 “Truth Force” Gandhi’s
political philosophy, was a
non-violent approach to
political tyranny
 1914 Gandhi returned to India
 Gandhi became the leader of
the Indian National Congress
(INC)

Chapter 23 Gandhi

 Gandhi believed and lived for the ideal of moral
transformation of the individual
 Gandhi was called “Mahatma” meaning ‘Great Soul’ and
mystical powers were attributed to him by some
followers
 Gandhi believed that modernization, with industry and
materialism were not best for India, but rather villages
interwoven harmoniously with one another living lives
directed by a keen sense of Indian duty and Indian principle

Chapter 23 Gandhi
 Gandhi fought for the Independence
of India from British rule
 Gandhi’s demeanor, of morality and
peaceful strength led to India’s
independence
 India had internal struggles with it’s
Muslim religious groups and Hindu
population
 India became independent in 1947,
after WWII and Gandhi but
partitioned itself as Muslim Pakistan
and Hindu India
 A million people died in the violence
that ensued during the partition,
millions migrated form one side to
the other to be with their religious
groups
 This violence hurt Gandhi deeply and
he refused to attend the
Independence celebrations
 Gandhi was assassinated in 1948 by a
Hindu extremist
 Gandhi is still highly esteemed as one
of the greatest political leaders

Chapter 24 Chernobyl

 The Chernobyl nuclear power plant located in the Ukraine
Soviet Socialist republic, USSR
 The Chernobyl Nuclear disaster occurred on April 26, 1986 with
reactor number four during a systems cooling test, it
experienced a spike in power and the reactor ruptured, numerous
explosions occurred
 This accident is a byproduct to the ‘Cold War’ as there was a race
for arms and Nuclear power between the United States and
USSR, and who would emerge the super power


1996 map of radiation levels

 The plant in the USSR was not adequately designed, the reactors were not
built properly and not supported by a hard case containment system
 The USSR did not alert the surrounding town of Pripyat about the dangerous
radioactive emissions from the explosion
 The USSR did not alert any one to the status of the explosion, or destructive
radioactive emissions. There is Speculation that the firefighters who came to
put out the fires were not even aware of the hazards of radioactive emissions.
The meters that read radiation emissions were not functioning at the plant, so
nobody was wearing protective gear
 I t became public concern when radiation levels set off an alarm at a the
Forsmark Nuclear Power Plant in Sweden
 Meanwhile there had been no evacuation in the surrounding area and town of
Pripyat, No emergency procedures were in place at Chernobyl

 At least Thirty plant operators died from the
Chernobyl disaster
 The firefighters that responded to the call died as
well, it is speculated that at least 800 workers
died form radiation exposure trying to clean up the
plant
 Over 3 million people are recognized by Russia as
victims from the disaster and Russia is spending
approximately 5% of its budget helping these
victims, many people were relocated so it is
difficult to get accurate figures and much is
hushed up
 Thyroid cancer in children has been a huge
problem, about 870,000 children have suffered
from radiation poisoning
 High cases of cancer throughout parts Europe as
well as Russia can even be attributed to
Chernobyl, ( My niece in Italy died from Cancer at
the age of 12, Chernobyl disaster has been
associated to her death)
 The environment was severely damaged by the
disaster as well, tress turned red in the
surrounding area - “Red Forest”Water ways were
destroyed, as well as animal and plant life
 Nuclear power plants in Russia are not built up to
Western standards and present serious problems
 Many Nuclear plants throughout the world, and
the U.S.A. like in South Carolina are suspicious as
well
 We are still experiencing the Fall out from
Chernobyl and its devastation is yet to be fully
realized,the issue of Nuclear Power Plants around
the World has to addressed

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Selection_Birkenau_ramp.jpg
Sources
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holocaust

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedong

 http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/COLDmao.htm

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward

 http://englishrussia.com/index.php/2006/09/13/lost-city-of-
chernobyl/

 http://www.lightmillennium.org/2006_17th/hkilic_chernobly.ht
ml

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution

 http://www.google.com/images?q=photos+industrial+revolution
&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-
a&um=1&ie=UTF-
8&source=univ&ei=9gZWTPerC8GC8gbyv6zXCw&sa=X&oi
=image_result_group&ct=title&resnum=4&ved=0CDIQsAQw
Aw&biw=994&bih=827

 http://www.google.com/images?q=american+revolution&oe=utf
-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-
a&um=1&ie=UTF-
8&source=univ&ei=MQdWTJicMYL58AbBpeiSBQ&sa=X&oi
=image_result_group&ct=title&resnum=4&ved=0CD0QsAQw
Aw&biw=994&bih=827

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolution

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opium_Wars

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_(Christian)

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Livingstone

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