Water pollution is a significant issue in many Indian cities. The document discusses causes, consequences, and efforts to address water pollution in Delhi, Dehradun, Rishikesh, and Agra. Key causes discussed include sewage discharge, industrial and agricultural runoff, and improper waste management. Consequences include health risks from waterborne diseases, environmental impacts such as algal blooms and loss of biodiversity, and cultural/tourism impacts. Efforts discussed focus on improving sewage treatment, regulation, and sewage infrastructure expansion.
This presentation contains:
1. types of water pollutants
2. sources of water pollutants
3. effects of water pollution
4. control measures of water pollution.
Water pollution is a major global problem that causes thousands of deaths daily. It occurs when pollutants from sources like sewage, industrial waste, and household waste contaminate rivers, lakes and oceans without adequate treatment. Common causes include disease-causing pathogens, thermal pollution from power plants, and organic and inorganic chemical waste from industries and food processing. Groundwater is also at risk of pollution from chemical spills and ongoing releases that seep into aquifers from the soil above. Measures to control water pollution include proper waste disposal, industrial effluent treatment, use of sewage treatment plants, reducing fertilizer use, and regular water quality monitoring.
Water pollution is defined as the presence of toxic chemicals or biological agents in water that exceed natural levels and may threaten human health or the environment. It can result from various human activities that introduce chemicals into water bodies. Sources of water pollution include sewage leakage, industrial waste, groundwater drilling, and household and animal waste. Pathogens, thermal pollution from power plants, and organic and inorganic pollutants like detergents and acidity from industrial discharges are some of the causes of water pollution. Groundwater is also susceptible to pollution from contaminants like gasoline and oil that seep into aquifers. Measures to control water pollution include proper disposal of fats, oils, chemicals, and medications, as well as treating
The document discusses various causes and effects of water pollution. It notes that water pollution is a major global problem, killing over 14,000 people daily. Various sources of water pollution are outlined, including industrial and agricultural waste, as well as municipal sewage. The types of water pollution discussed include inorganic contaminants, pathogens, macroscopic pollution, petroleum, radioactive substances, and thermal pollution. Methods for treating and purifying polluted water are also summarized, such as filtration, sedimentation, chlorination, and activated sludge processes. Potential solutions to water pollution problems include legislation to reduce industrial waste, improved municipal treatment plants, more sustainable farming practices, better waste management, and measures to prevent pollution from entering water cycles naturally.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are released into water bodies without proper treatment. It is a major global problem, causing over 14,000 daily deaths from water-borne diseases. Developing nations struggle most with access to clean water. Industrialized countries also continue to have pollution challenges, with around half of waterways in the US found to be polluted. Water pollution comes from sources like agricultural and industrial runoff, sewage, thermal pollution from power plants, and trash. Solutions include improving industrial and agricultural practices, upgrading sewage treatment plants, controlling stormwater runoff, and preventing pollution at its source through individual actions. Proper measurement and testing helps analyze pollution levels.
This document discusses water-related topics that will be presented by students during their visit to Sicily, Italy from 21-25 October 2014. It includes potential presentation topics like popular water sports, the history and uses of wind roses, the connection between water and health, water-related health risks and hazards, and jobs related to the water industry. An example is also given from Hungary about the top water sports being swimming, water polo, and kayak-canoe. The schedule then outlines activities like presentations, visiting a naval museum, and a farewell evening with the Italian Navy League.
This document discusses water pollution, its sources, effects, and control measures. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies that occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged without adequate treatment. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere and damages plant and animal species and communities. The major sources of water pollution include industrial waste, sewage, mining, oil spills, agricultural runoff, and urban development. Water pollution can be measured physically, chemically, and biologically and have negative health and environmental impacts that must be addressed through control measures like wastewater treatment, regulations, and education.
This document discusses water pollution, its sources, effects, and control measures. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies that occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged without treatment. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere and damages both individual species and biological communities. The major sources of water pollution include industrial waste, sewage, mining, oil spills, agricultural runoff, and urban development. Water pollution is measured through physical, chemical, and biological indicators and can cause diseases in humans and harm aquatic animals. Control measures involve regulating industries, treating waste, public education, and research to prevent water contamination.
This presentation contains:
1. types of water pollutants
2. sources of water pollutants
3. effects of water pollution
4. control measures of water pollution.
Water pollution is a major global problem that causes thousands of deaths daily. It occurs when pollutants from sources like sewage, industrial waste, and household waste contaminate rivers, lakes and oceans without adequate treatment. Common causes include disease-causing pathogens, thermal pollution from power plants, and organic and inorganic chemical waste from industries and food processing. Groundwater is also at risk of pollution from chemical spills and ongoing releases that seep into aquifers from the soil above. Measures to control water pollution include proper waste disposal, industrial effluent treatment, use of sewage treatment plants, reducing fertilizer use, and regular water quality monitoring.
Water pollution is defined as the presence of toxic chemicals or biological agents in water that exceed natural levels and may threaten human health or the environment. It can result from various human activities that introduce chemicals into water bodies. Sources of water pollution include sewage leakage, industrial waste, groundwater drilling, and household and animal waste. Pathogens, thermal pollution from power plants, and organic and inorganic pollutants like detergents and acidity from industrial discharges are some of the causes of water pollution. Groundwater is also susceptible to pollution from contaminants like gasoline and oil that seep into aquifers. Measures to control water pollution include proper disposal of fats, oils, chemicals, and medications, as well as treating
The document discusses various causes and effects of water pollution. It notes that water pollution is a major global problem, killing over 14,000 people daily. Various sources of water pollution are outlined, including industrial and agricultural waste, as well as municipal sewage. The types of water pollution discussed include inorganic contaminants, pathogens, macroscopic pollution, petroleum, radioactive substances, and thermal pollution. Methods for treating and purifying polluted water are also summarized, such as filtration, sedimentation, chlorination, and activated sludge processes. Potential solutions to water pollution problems include legislation to reduce industrial waste, improved municipal treatment plants, more sustainable farming practices, better waste management, and measures to prevent pollution from entering water cycles naturally.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are released into water bodies without proper treatment. It is a major global problem, causing over 14,000 daily deaths from water-borne diseases. Developing nations struggle most with access to clean water. Industrialized countries also continue to have pollution challenges, with around half of waterways in the US found to be polluted. Water pollution comes from sources like agricultural and industrial runoff, sewage, thermal pollution from power plants, and trash. Solutions include improving industrial and agricultural practices, upgrading sewage treatment plants, controlling stormwater runoff, and preventing pollution at its source through individual actions. Proper measurement and testing helps analyze pollution levels.
This document discusses water-related topics that will be presented by students during their visit to Sicily, Italy from 21-25 October 2014. It includes potential presentation topics like popular water sports, the history and uses of wind roses, the connection between water and health, water-related health risks and hazards, and jobs related to the water industry. An example is also given from Hungary about the top water sports being swimming, water polo, and kayak-canoe. The schedule then outlines activities like presentations, visiting a naval museum, and a farewell evening with the Italian Navy League.
This document discusses water pollution, its sources, effects, and control measures. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies that occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged without adequate treatment. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere and damages plant and animal species and communities. The major sources of water pollution include industrial waste, sewage, mining, oil spills, agricultural runoff, and urban development. Water pollution can be measured physically, chemically, and biologically and have negative health and environmental impacts that must be addressed through control measures like wastewater treatment, regulations, and education.
This document discusses water pollution, its sources, effects, and control measures. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies that occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged without treatment. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere and damages both individual species and biological communities. The major sources of water pollution include industrial waste, sewage, mining, oil spills, agricultural runoff, and urban development. Water pollution is measured through physical, chemical, and biological indicators and can cause diseases in humans and harm aquatic animals. Control measures involve regulating industries, treating waste, public education, and research to prevent water contamination.
This document discusses water pollution, its sources, effects, and control measures. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies that occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged without adequate treatment. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere and damages plant and animal species and communities. The major sources of water pollution include industrial waste, sewage, mining, oil spills, agricultural runoff, and urban development. Water pollution is measured through physical, chemical, and biological indicators and can cause diseases in humans and harm aquatic animals. Control measures involve regulating industries, wastewater treatment, public education, and research.
River pollution is a major problem in Bangladesh. Many of the country's 230 rivers are polluted due to untreated industrial and agricultural waste, as well as sewage. Four rivers near Dhaka receive over 2 million cubic meters of wastewater per day. Common causes of river pollution include industrial waste, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and animal waste, sewage, oil, and airborne pollutants. River pollution has devastating impacts on the environment and human health, including mass fish deaths, loss of biodiversity, water shortages, and spread of diseases. Solutions include increasing public awareness, improving drainage systems, increasing river flows, and better management of solid wastes and industrial discharges.
This document discusses water pollution in Trinidad and Tobago. It identifies the main causes of water pollution as human activities like littering, industrial waste, and untreated sewage. It then explains key concepts like the water cycle, point source pollution vs. non-point source pollution, and different types of pollutants from sources like agriculture, factories, and households. The effects of water pollution are outlined as harm to aquatic life and ecosystems. Solutions discussed include environmental laws, education, and preventative measures individuals can take to reduce water pollution.
Rising demand vs. diminishing supply
- Water is essential to life but both the supply and quality of freshwater resources are under threat. Pollution from sources like industry, agriculture, and everyday human activities is contaminating water supplies while population growth and climate change are reducing available water. If current practices are not changed, severe water scarcity and conflict over water could increase globally in the coming century. Preserving this critical resource requires improved management, conservation efforts, wastewater treatment, and more sustainable consumption.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances affect water quality in rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater. It has significant negative impacts on human health and ecosystems. The main causes are untreated sewage, industrial and agricultural waste, urban and stormwater runoff containing pathogens, chemicals, excess nutrients and other contaminants. Effective control requires treatment of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater before discharge, as well as management approaches to reduce non-point pollution from sources such as agriculture and construction sites.
Water pollution is a major problem as untreated industrial and domestic waste is discharged into water bodies. This causes water to become unfit for drinking and bathing. Pollution leads to a reduction in aquatic plants and animals due to habitat destruction. Methods to treat water include sedimentation to remove solids, filtration, and chlorination to kill microbes. Proper treatment of domestic and industrial waste is needed to prevent water pollution.
Water pollution is a major global problem, causing over 14,000 deaths per day. It occurs when harmful substances are released into water bodies without proper treatment. Common causes of water pollution include untreated sewage, chemical waste, fertilizers and stormwater runoff. This leads to impacts such as poor access to safe drinking water. In the US, around 45% of streams, 47% of lakes and 32% of bays were found to be polluted. Solutions involve water treatment through filtration, sedimentation, chlorination and other physical, biological and chemical processes. However, more work is still needed to address this critical issue.
Grade 8 Integrated Science Chapter 20 Lesson 3 on human impacts on water. This lesson goes into detail on how humans positively and negatively impact our water resources. The objective is that students will be able to identify point and non-point source pollution, international cooperation and national initiatives to manage water resources, and how we can prevent polluting our water supply.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without treatment. Key sources include industrial waste, agricultural and residential runoff containing chemicals and pathogens. This contaminates drinking water and harms aquatic life and ecosystems. Government initiatives like the Ganga Action Plan aim to treat sewage and industrial waste to reduce pollution in important water sources like the Ganges river. Proper waste treatment, public awareness, and regulation of industry and agriculture are needed to control water pollution and its negative effects on the environment and human health.
This document is a student thesis submitted to the University of Sulaimani in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry. It discusses heavy metals in wastewater. The introduction provides background on wastewater, its sources, and components. It also discusses heavy metals, their health and environmental effects, and common heavy metal pollutants like lead, mercury, cadmium, and methods for removing heavy metals from wastewater, including chemical precipitation, coagulation-flocculation, flotation, ion exchange, electrochemical treatment processes, adsorption onto activated carbon, and membrane filtration.
This document discusses various types and causes of water pollution. It describes point source pollution which comes directly from a source like an oil spill. Non-point source pollution is indirect, carried by rain runoff from things like fertilizers on fields. Water pollution is caused by excess nutrients, sediments, organic materials, pathogens, chemicals, radioactive substances, heat and oil. Legislation like the Clean Water Act has helped control pollution but global water pollution remains a major problem.
Chapter - 18, Pollution of Air and Water, Science, Class 8Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 18, Pollution of Air and Water, Science, Class 8
AIR
POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTANTS
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
ACID RAIN
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
GLOBAL WARMING
CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
CASE STUDY OF THE TAJ MAHAL
ACTIONS TO PREVENT AIR POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
HOW WATER GETS POLLUTED?
EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
ACTION POINTS TO PREVENT WATER POLLUTION
EUTROPHICATION
POTABLE WATER
HOW IS WATER PURIFIED?
ACTION KEYS TO PREVENT WATER POLLUTION
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (Entrepreneur)
Water pollution occurs when pollutants contaminate water bodies like lakes, rivers, and oceans. It is often caused by human activities from point sources like factories and sewage, as well as non-point sources like surface runoff. Water pollution can kill aquatic animals, disrupt food chains, and cause diseases in humans. While laws aim to restrict water pollution, challenges remain in enforcement and public education. Individual actions like conserving water and properly disposing of waste can help address the issue.
This document provides an overview of water pollution. It discusses how water pollution occurs from both point sources like oil spills as well as non-point sources like agricultural runoff. It outlines the major causes of water pollution including sewage, nutrients from fertilizers, silt, organic materials, and chemical contaminants. It also discusses different types of pollutants like pathogens, petroleum, radioactive substances, and heat. Legislation passed to help control water pollution is summarized.
Water pollution occurs when pollutants are dumped directly or indirectly into water bodies without treatment, contaminating the water. It affects plants, animals, and ecosystems. Common causes of water pollution include sewage waste, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and fertilizers, oil spills, radioactive substances, and domestic dumping. Pollution can be reduced by treating domestic and industrial sewage, improving agricultural practices, preventing oil spills, and controlling stormwater runoff from construction sites and urban areas.
Water and noise pollution pose threats to human and environmental health. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are directly or indirectly discharged into bodies of water. It has various sources like industrial and agricultural runoff. This causes issues like algal blooms and eutrophication that deplete oxygen and endanger aquatic life. Noise pollution is unwanted sound that disturbs humans and wildlife. Major sources are transportation, construction, and industrial activities. Both can negatively impact health, concentration, and hearing if not properly controlled through laws, public awareness, and green infrastructure.
This document provides information about water pollution from a lecture on water supply and treatment technology. It defines water pollution and discusses various types of water pollutants including sewage, industrial, agricultural, and physical pollutants. It also describes the sources of water pollution from surface water and groundwater. Finally, it outlines measures to control water pollution including primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment of sewage as well as other methods like effluent treatment, water recycling, enforcement of acts, and monitoring of water quality.
Water Pollution environmental microbiologyDENNISMMONDAH1
The document is a seminar presentation on water pollution given by Dennis M. Mondah at Davangere University under the guidance of K.L Soumya. It discusses the types, sources, and effects of water pollution as well as methods of control and wastewater treatment. The major sources of water pollution identified are sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, mining, and solid waste. Water pollution reduces water quality and makes it unsuitable for drinking, domestic, and industrial uses while also harming aquatic ecosystems. Proper wastewater treatment and regulation of polluting activities are needed to control water pollution and its negative effects.
This document discusses water pollution, which is defined as contamination of water bodies like lakes, oceans, and rivers by human activities that result in chemical, physical, or biological changes decreasing water quality and usability. Major pollutants include suspended sediments, water-soluble inorganic substances, oxygen-demanding wastes, and disease-causing agents. Water pollution comes from point sources like factories and sewage systems, and nonpoint sources like acid rain and urban runoff. It affects human health through increased risk of diseases and disrupts ecosystems and food chains. Prevention efforts include proper waste disposal and reduced use of chemicals in agriculture and industry.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
This document discusses water pollution, its sources, effects, and control measures. It defines water pollution as the contamination of water bodies that occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged without adequate treatment. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere and damages plant and animal species and communities. The major sources of water pollution include industrial waste, sewage, mining, oil spills, agricultural runoff, and urban development. Water pollution is measured through physical, chemical, and biological indicators and can cause diseases in humans and harm aquatic animals. Control measures involve regulating industries, wastewater treatment, public education, and research.
River pollution is a major problem in Bangladesh. Many of the country's 230 rivers are polluted due to untreated industrial and agricultural waste, as well as sewage. Four rivers near Dhaka receive over 2 million cubic meters of wastewater per day. Common causes of river pollution include industrial waste, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and animal waste, sewage, oil, and airborne pollutants. River pollution has devastating impacts on the environment and human health, including mass fish deaths, loss of biodiversity, water shortages, and spread of diseases. Solutions include increasing public awareness, improving drainage systems, increasing river flows, and better management of solid wastes and industrial discharges.
This document discusses water pollution in Trinidad and Tobago. It identifies the main causes of water pollution as human activities like littering, industrial waste, and untreated sewage. It then explains key concepts like the water cycle, point source pollution vs. non-point source pollution, and different types of pollutants from sources like agriculture, factories, and households. The effects of water pollution are outlined as harm to aquatic life and ecosystems. Solutions discussed include environmental laws, education, and preventative measures individuals can take to reduce water pollution.
Rising demand vs. diminishing supply
- Water is essential to life but both the supply and quality of freshwater resources are under threat. Pollution from sources like industry, agriculture, and everyday human activities is contaminating water supplies while population growth and climate change are reducing available water. If current practices are not changed, severe water scarcity and conflict over water could increase globally in the coming century. Preserving this critical resource requires improved management, conservation efforts, wastewater treatment, and more sustainable consumption.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances affect water quality in rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater. It has significant negative impacts on human health and ecosystems. The main causes are untreated sewage, industrial and agricultural waste, urban and stormwater runoff containing pathogens, chemicals, excess nutrients and other contaminants. Effective control requires treatment of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater before discharge, as well as management approaches to reduce non-point pollution from sources such as agriculture and construction sites.
Water pollution is a major problem as untreated industrial and domestic waste is discharged into water bodies. This causes water to become unfit for drinking and bathing. Pollution leads to a reduction in aquatic plants and animals due to habitat destruction. Methods to treat water include sedimentation to remove solids, filtration, and chlorination to kill microbes. Proper treatment of domestic and industrial waste is needed to prevent water pollution.
Water pollution is a major global problem, causing over 14,000 deaths per day. It occurs when harmful substances are released into water bodies without proper treatment. Common causes of water pollution include untreated sewage, chemical waste, fertilizers and stormwater runoff. This leads to impacts such as poor access to safe drinking water. In the US, around 45% of streams, 47% of lakes and 32% of bays were found to be polluted. Solutions involve water treatment through filtration, sedimentation, chlorination and other physical, biological and chemical processes. However, more work is still needed to address this critical issue.
Grade 8 Integrated Science Chapter 20 Lesson 3 on human impacts on water. This lesson goes into detail on how humans positively and negatively impact our water resources. The objective is that students will be able to identify point and non-point source pollution, international cooperation and national initiatives to manage water resources, and how we can prevent polluting our water supply.
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without treatment. Key sources include industrial waste, agricultural and residential runoff containing chemicals and pathogens. This contaminates drinking water and harms aquatic life and ecosystems. Government initiatives like the Ganga Action Plan aim to treat sewage and industrial waste to reduce pollution in important water sources like the Ganges river. Proper waste treatment, public awareness, and regulation of industry and agriculture are needed to control water pollution and its negative effects on the environment and human health.
This document is a student thesis submitted to the University of Sulaimani in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry. It discusses heavy metals in wastewater. The introduction provides background on wastewater, its sources, and components. It also discusses heavy metals, their health and environmental effects, and common heavy metal pollutants like lead, mercury, cadmium, and methods for removing heavy metals from wastewater, including chemical precipitation, coagulation-flocculation, flotation, ion exchange, electrochemical treatment processes, adsorption onto activated carbon, and membrane filtration.
This document discusses various types and causes of water pollution. It describes point source pollution which comes directly from a source like an oil spill. Non-point source pollution is indirect, carried by rain runoff from things like fertilizers on fields. Water pollution is caused by excess nutrients, sediments, organic materials, pathogens, chemicals, radioactive substances, heat and oil. Legislation like the Clean Water Act has helped control pollution but global water pollution remains a major problem.
Chapter - 18, Pollution of Air and Water, Science, Class 8Shivam Parmar
I have expertise in making educational and other PPTs. Email me for more PPTs at a very reasonable price that perfectly fits in your budget.
Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com
Chapter - 18, Pollution of Air and Water, Science, Class 8
AIR
POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTANTS
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
ACID RAIN
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
GLOBAL WARMING
CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
CASE STUDY OF THE TAJ MAHAL
ACTIONS TO PREVENT AIR POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION
HOW WATER GETS POLLUTED?
EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
ACTION POINTS TO PREVENT WATER POLLUTION
EUTROPHICATION
POTABLE WATER
HOW IS WATER PURIFIED?
ACTION KEYS TO PREVENT WATER POLLUTION
Every topic of this chapter is well written concisely and visuals will help you in understanding and imagining the practicality of all the topics.
By Shivam Parmar (Entrepreneur)
Water pollution occurs when pollutants contaminate water bodies like lakes, rivers, and oceans. It is often caused by human activities from point sources like factories and sewage, as well as non-point sources like surface runoff. Water pollution can kill aquatic animals, disrupt food chains, and cause diseases in humans. While laws aim to restrict water pollution, challenges remain in enforcement and public education. Individual actions like conserving water and properly disposing of waste can help address the issue.
This document provides an overview of water pollution. It discusses how water pollution occurs from both point sources like oil spills as well as non-point sources like agricultural runoff. It outlines the major causes of water pollution including sewage, nutrients from fertilizers, silt, organic materials, and chemical contaminants. It also discusses different types of pollutants like pathogens, petroleum, radioactive substances, and heat. Legislation passed to help control water pollution is summarized.
Water pollution occurs when pollutants are dumped directly or indirectly into water bodies without treatment, contaminating the water. It affects plants, animals, and ecosystems. Common causes of water pollution include sewage waste, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and fertilizers, oil spills, radioactive substances, and domestic dumping. Pollution can be reduced by treating domestic and industrial sewage, improving agricultural practices, preventing oil spills, and controlling stormwater runoff from construction sites and urban areas.
Water and noise pollution pose threats to human and environmental health. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are directly or indirectly discharged into bodies of water. It has various sources like industrial and agricultural runoff. This causes issues like algal blooms and eutrophication that deplete oxygen and endanger aquatic life. Noise pollution is unwanted sound that disturbs humans and wildlife. Major sources are transportation, construction, and industrial activities. Both can negatively impact health, concentration, and hearing if not properly controlled through laws, public awareness, and green infrastructure.
This document provides information about water pollution from a lecture on water supply and treatment technology. It defines water pollution and discusses various types of water pollutants including sewage, industrial, agricultural, and physical pollutants. It also describes the sources of water pollution from surface water and groundwater. Finally, it outlines measures to control water pollution including primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment of sewage as well as other methods like effluent treatment, water recycling, enforcement of acts, and monitoring of water quality.
Water Pollution environmental microbiologyDENNISMMONDAH1
The document is a seminar presentation on water pollution given by Dennis M. Mondah at Davangere University under the guidance of K.L Soumya. It discusses the types, sources, and effects of water pollution as well as methods of control and wastewater treatment. The major sources of water pollution identified are sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, mining, and solid waste. Water pollution reduces water quality and makes it unsuitable for drinking, domestic, and industrial uses while also harming aquatic ecosystems. Proper wastewater treatment and regulation of polluting activities are needed to control water pollution and its negative effects.
This document discusses water pollution, which is defined as contamination of water bodies like lakes, oceans, and rivers by human activities that result in chemical, physical, or biological changes decreasing water quality and usability. Major pollutants include suspended sediments, water-soluble inorganic substances, oxygen-demanding wastes, and disease-causing agents. Water pollution comes from point sources like factories and sewage systems, and nonpoint sources like acid rain and urban runoff. It affects human health through increased risk of diseases and disrupts ecosystems and food chains. Prevention efforts include proper waste disposal and reduced use of chemicals in agriculture and industry.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
3. Water Pollution
◦ Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies, such as
lakes, rivers, oceans, groundwater, and even drinking water sources, by
substances that negatively affect the environment and human health.
This pollution can be caused by a wide range of human activities and
natural processes. Here are some key points about water pollution:
◦ Certainly, let's dive into more detail about water pollution, its sources,
types of pollutants, effects, prevention, and some global challenges:
4. Sources of Water Pollution:
◦ A. Point Source Pollution: This occurs when pollutants can be traced to a specific source. Examples include:
◦ Industrial Discharges: Factories, refineries, and manufacturing facilities can release chemicals and waste directly into water bodies.
◦ Wastewater Treatment Plants: While designed to treat sewage, these plants can release partially treated effluents if not functioning
correctly.
◦ Oil Spills: Accidental oil spills from ships and offshore drilling rigs are another example of point source pollution.
◦ B. Non-Point Source Pollution: This type of pollution is diffuse and comes from various sources, making it challenging to pinpoint
a single origin. Common examples include:
◦ Agricultural Runoff: Pesticides, fertilizers, and animal waste can wash into rivers and streams.
◦ Urban Areas: Stormwater runoff in urban settings can carry pollutants from roads, parking lots, and other surfaces into water
bodies.
◦ Atmospheric Deposition: Pollutants from the air, including airborne particulates and chemicals, can fall into bodies of water.
5. Effects of Water Pollution
◦ a. Environmental Impact: - Habitat Destruction: Pollution can degrade
and destroy aquatic habitats. - Bioaccumulation: Toxic substances can
accumulate in the food chain, leading to health problems for higher
trophic levels. - Loss of Biodiversity: Pollution can lead to a decline in
species diversity and ecosystem health.
◦ b. Human Health: - Waterborne Diseases: Contaminated water can
transmit diseases like cholera, dysentery, and typhoid. - Toxic
Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain chemicals can lead to health
problems such as cancer and neurological disorders.
6. Water Pollution in Delhi
◦Water pollution in Delhi is a
pressing environmental and public
health issue, and it affects both
surface water bodies like the
Yamuna River and groundwater
sources. Here, we'll explore the
causes and consequences of water
pollution in Delhi in detail
7. Causes of Water Pollution in Delhi
◦ Industrial Discharge:
Example: Industrial areas like Bawana and Okhla discharge a variety
of pollutants into water bodies. Chemical factories release toxic
substances and heavy metals into rivers, contaminating the water. For
instance, industrial effluents containing heavy metals like lead and
cadmium can lead to long-term pollution and health risks.
◦ Municipal Sewage:
Example: Delhi generates a vast amount of sewage daily. While
sewage treatment plants exist, they often operate below capacity. As a
result, partially treated or untreated sewage, including fecal matter
and pathogens, flows into the Yamuna River. This contaminated water
poses a serious public health risk, causing waterborne diseases.
◦ Agricultural Runoff:
Example: The agricultural regions surrounding Delhi rely on
pesticides and chemical fertilizers. When it rains, these chemicals
wash into the Yamuna, causing nutrient pollution. Elevated nutrient
levels encourage the growth of harmful algae and disrupt the river's
ecosystem.
8. Consequences of Water Pollution in Delhi
◦ Health Risks:
Example: Contaminated water in Delhi can lead to waterborne
diseases like cholera, typhoid, and gastroenteritis. In 2016, the
National Health Profile reported that waterborne diseases
accounted for a significant portion of the city's disease burden.
Residents, particularly in underserved areas, often fall ill due to
water contamination.
◦ Environmental Impact:
Example: Water pollution negatively affects aquatic ecosystems
in the Yamuna River. For instance, excessive nutrient runoff
promotes algal blooms, reducing oxygen levels and causing fish
kills. The loss of biodiversity has been observed, affecting
species like the Gangetic dolphin.
9. Efforts to Address Water Pollution
◦ Wastewater Treatment:
Example: The Delhi Jal Board has expanded and upgraded sewage treatment plants to treat a
larger volume of wastewater. For example, the Coronation Pillar STP in North Delhi and the
Okhla STP have been improved to reduce the discharge of untreated sewage.
◦ Regulation and Monitoring:
Example: The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and the Delhi Pollution Control
Committee (DPCC) are actively monitoring industrial and municipal discharges, imposing
stricter regulations, and conducting water quality assessments.
◦ Sewage Infrastructure:
Example: Initiatives like the Yamuna Action Plan have sought to improve sewage
infrastructure in various parts of the city, with a focus on expanding sewage networks and
ensuring proper treatment before discharge.
10. Water Pollution in Dehradun
◦ Water pollution is a growing concern in
Dehradun, a picturesque city in the Indian
state of Uttarakhand, known for its natural
beauty. Water pollution in Dehradun is
primarily caused by a combination of
urbanization, industrial activities,
agricultural runoff, and inadequate waste
management. Here's a closer look at the
causes and consequences of water pollution
in Dehradun, along with examples:
11. Causes of Water Pollution in Dehradun
◦ Urbanization and Municipal Discharge:
Example: Dehradun's urban population is growing, leading to
increased domestic sewage production. The municipal sewage
system may not be able to handle this influx adequately. As a
result, untreated or partially treated sewage can flow into
nearby rivers and water bodies, introducing contaminants such
as pathogens and organic matter.
◦ Industrial Discharge:
Example: Dehradun has industrial zones, and some of these
industries may release pollutants into the water. For instance,
textile and chemical factories can discharge dyes, heavy metals,
and other chemicals into nearby water bodies, impacting water
quality.
12. ◦ Agricultural Runoff:
Example: The surrounding region of Dehradun is predominantly
agricultural, and the use of fertilizers and pesticides is common. During
the monsoon season, rainwater can wash these chemicals into rivers and
streams, leading to nutrient pollution and impacting aquatic life.
◦ Improper Waste Management:
Example: In some areas, waste management practices are inadequate.
Open dumping of solid waste, including plastics, can lead to
contamination of the local environment, including water bodies.
13. Consequences of Water Pollution in Dehradun
◦ Health Risks:
Example: Contaminated water sources can lead to waterborne
diseases. For instance, outbreaks of diseases like cholera and diarrhea
have been linked to polluted water in Dehradun, particularly in areas
with limited access to clean water.
◦ Environmental Impact:
Example: Water pollution affects aquatic ecosystems in local rivers
and streams. Excessive nutrient runoff can result in algal blooms,
oxygen depletion, and fish kills. The pollution can also impact
biodiversity and lead to the decline of native aquatic species.
◦ Groundwater Contamination:
Example: In some cases, surface water pollution can infiltrate into the
groundwater, which is a significant concern as many residents rely on
groundwater for drinking water. For example, nitrates from
agricultural runoff can contaminate groundwater, making it
unsuitable for consumption.
◦
14. Efforts to Address Water Pollution in Dehradun
◦ Wastewater Treatment:
Example: Upgrading and expanding sewage treatment plants to handle
increasing sewage loads and improve treatment efficiency.
◦ Regulation and Monitoring:
Example: Government agencies and environmental organizations monitor water
quality and enforce regulations on industrial and municipal discharges to ensure
compliance with environmental standards.
◦ Sewage Infrastructure:
Example: Expanding sewage infrastructure in rapidly urbanizing areas to
capture and treat sewage properly before discharge.
15. Water Pollution in Rishikesh
◦ Rishikesh, a city in the Indian state of Uttarakhand,
is known for its spiritual significance, natural
beauty, and as a hub for yoga and adventure
tourism. However, like many urban areas in India,
Rishikesh also faces challenges related to water
pollution. Water pollution in Rishikesh is primarily
caused by factors such as sewage discharge,
tourism-related activities, and industrial
contamination. Here's an overview of the causes
and consequences of water pollution in Rishikesh:
16. Causes of Water Pollution in Rishikesh
◦ Sewage Discharge:
Example: Rishikesh has a rapidly growing population and
experiences an influx of tourists throughout the year. The
increase in sewage production, especially in areas with
inadequate sewage treatment facilities, can result in the
discharge of untreated or partially treated sewage into local
water bodies. This poses a significant pollution risk.
◦ Tourism-Related Activities:
Example: The city's popularity as a tourist destination can
lead to water pollution. Activities such as river rafting and
camping often generate waste, and the improper disposal of
trash can contribute to the contamination of the Ganges
River, which is considered holy by Hindus.
17. ◦ Industrial Contamination:
Example: Some industrial activities in and around Rishikesh can release
pollutants into the environment. For instance, manufacturing and
processing units may discharge chemicals and waste into local water
bodies, affecting water quality.
◦ Agricultural Runoff:
◦ Example: The region surrounding Rishikesh includes agricultural areas where
pesticides, fertilizers, and agricultural chemicals are used. During the
monsoon season, these chemicals can wash into rivers and streams,
contributing to nutrient pollution and harming aquatic ecosystems
18. Consequences of Water Pollution in Rishikesh
◦ Health Risks:
Example: Contaminated water sources can lead to waterborne
diseases. Residents and tourists who come into contact with
polluted water may be at risk of diseases such as gastroenteritis,
cholera, and hepatitis.
◦ Environmental Impact:
Example: Water pollution affects the local aquatic ecosystem.
Excessive nutrient runoff can lead to the growth of harmful algal
blooms, oxygen depletion, and fish kills. This can disrupt the
natural balance and biodiversity of the Ganges River.
◦ Cultural and Spiritual Impact:
Example: Rishikesh holds cultural and spiritual significance,
especially as a destination for religious rituals and pilgrimages.
Water pollution in the holy Ganges River can undermine these
cultural and religious activities.
19. Efforts to Address Water Pollution in Rishikesh
◦ Sewage Treatment: Upgrading and expanding sewage treatment facilities to accommodate
the growing population and tourism-related sewage loads.
◦ Regulation and Monitoring: Government agencies and environmental organizations actively
monitor water quality and enforce regulations on industrial and municipal discharges to
ensure compliance with environmental standards.
◦ Waste Management: Promoting responsible waste disposal and waste management practices
to prevent litter and pollution from tourism and other activities.
20. Water Pollution in Agra
◦ Agra, located in the northern Indian state of
Uttar Pradesh, is renowned for being home
to the iconic Taj Mahal. However, the city is
also grappling with significant water
pollution issues, primarily stemming from
urbanization, industrial activities,
agricultural runoff, and insufficient waste
management. Here's an in-depth look at the
causes, consequences, and efforts to address
water pollution in Agra:
21. Causes of Water Pollution in Agra
◦ Urbanization and Municipal Discharge:
Example: As Agra's population grows, the city generates a
considerable amount of sewage daily. Some parts of the city
may lack adequate sewage treatment infrastructure, resulting
in the discharge of untreated or partially treated sewage into
the Yamuna River. This releases contaminants such as
pathogens and organic matter into the water.
◦ Industrial Discharge:
Example: Agra houses a range of industries, including leather
processing, textiles, and chemicals. These industrial units may
release pollutants, including dyes, heavy metals, and
chemicals, into the Yamuna and other water bodies,
impacting water quality.
22. ◦ Agricultural Runoff:
Example: The agricultural hinterlands surrounding Agra contribute to water
pollution as well. Pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and agricultural runoff can
wash into rivers, causing nutrient pollution and affecting aquatic life. For
instance, excessive nutrients can lead to the growth of harmful algal blooms.
◦ Improper Waste Management:
Example: Inadequate waste disposal practices can lead to the contamination of
the environment, including water bodies. Open dumping and the
mismanagement of solid waste contribute to water pollution, especially when
plastics and non-biodegradable materials are involved.
23. Consequences of Water Pollution in Agra
◦ Health Risks:
Example: Contaminated water sources pose health risks to the city's residents. Exposure to
polluted water can lead to waterborne diseases, including diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid.
Children and vulnerable populations are particularly at risk.
◦ Environmental Impact:
Example: Water pollution affects the aquatic ecosystems of the Yamuna River and other water
bodies. Excessive nutrient runoff can result in algal blooms, oxygen depletion, and fish kills.
The disruption of the river's natural balance can lead to the decline of native aquatic species.
◦ Cultural and Touristic Impact:
Example: Agra's cultural and touristic significance, especially the Taj Mahal, can be impacted
by water pollution. The river and its surroundings are part of the historical and cultural
heritage, and pollution can detract from the visitor experience.
24. Efforts to Address Water Pollution in Agra
◦ Wastewater Treatment:
Example: Agra is investing in the expansion and improvement of sewage treatment
plants to handle increased sewage loads and enhance treatment efficiency. For
instance, the city is working on projects to upgrade and expand the Sikandra and
Mehtab Bagh Sewage Treatment Plants.
◦ Regulation and Monitoring:
Example: Government agencies and environmental organizations actively monitor
water quality and enforce regulations on industrial and municipal discharges to
ensure compliance with environmental standards. The Central Pollution Control
Board (CPCB) conducts water quality assessments in the area.
◦ Sewage Infrastructure:
Example: Initiatives focus on expanding sewage infrastructure in rapidly urbanizing
areas to capture and treat sewage properly before discharge.