Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are released into water bodies without proper treatment. It is a major global problem, causing over 14,000 daily deaths from water-borne diseases. Developing nations struggle most with access to clean water. Industrialized countries also continue to have pollution challenges, with around half of waterways in the US found to be polluted. Water pollution comes from sources like agricultural and industrial runoff, sewage, thermal pollution from power plants, and trash. Solutions include improving industrial and agricultural practices, upgrading sewage treatment plants, controlling stormwater runoff, and preventing pollution at its source through individual actions. Proper measurement and testing helps analyze pollution levels.
This presentation contains enormous information about all the root-causes of different sorts of water pollution, point of origin of various pollutants. It also provides account for remedial measures for mitigating the ill effects of water pollution and the legislation for controlling it.
in this ppt you can get effects of water pollution and ways to reduce it .How water pollution effects our society in coming era. find good ways to reduce it
Water pollution throughout the world is affecting food chains and food webs. Water such as lakes, rivers, streams, creeks, and oceans become polluted in many different ways. One main way is the dumping of trash, or littering. Many creeks, rivers, and even oceans have been polluted by manmade items such as trash (EPA, 2011). When fresh water such as rivers and creeks become polluted, it hurts the surrounding wildlife.
This presentation contains enormous information about all the root-causes of different sorts of water pollution, point of origin of various pollutants. It also provides account for remedial measures for mitigating the ill effects of water pollution and the legislation for controlling it.
in this ppt you can get effects of water pollution and ways to reduce it .How water pollution effects our society in coming era. find good ways to reduce it
Water pollution throughout the world is affecting food chains and food webs. Water such as lakes, rivers, streams, creeks, and oceans become polluted in many different ways. One main way is the dumping of trash, or littering. Many creeks, rivers, and even oceans have been polluted by manmade items such as trash (EPA, 2011). When fresh water such as rivers and creeks become polluted, it hurts the surrounding wildlife.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. Indroduction
Water pollution occurs when harmful substances are released
into the water in large quantities which cause damage to
people, wildlife, or habitat or indirectly into water bodies
without proper treatment to remove harmful compounds.
3. Effects of water pollution
Water pollution is a major problem
in the global context. It has been
suggested that it is the leading
worldwide cause of deaths and
diseases, and that it accounts for
the deaths of more than 14,000
people daily.
An estimated 700 million Indians
have no access to a proper toilet,
and 1,000 Indian children die of
diarrhea sickness every day.
Some 90% of China's cities suffer
from some degree of water
pollution, and nearly 500 million
people lack access to safe drinking
water.
4. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in
developing countries, industrialized countries continue to
struggle with pollution problems as well.
In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States,
a. 45 percent of assessed stream miles,
b. 47 percent of assessed lake acres, and
c. 32 percent of assessed bay were classified as polluted
5. Ground Water Pollution
Interactions between
groundwater and
surface water are
complex.
Consequently,
groundwater pollution is
not as easily classified
as surface water
pollution.
6. Purification of water
Purification of water
involves physical,
biological and chemical
processes such as:-
1.Filtration
2.Sedimentation
3.Chlorination
4.Slow sand filters
5.Activated Sludge
6.Flocculation
7. Physical processes
Filtration is a
mechanical or physical
operation which is used
for the separation of
solids from fluids
(liquids or gases) by
interposing a medium
through which only the
fluid can pass.
8. Sedimentation is the
tendency for particles in
suspension or
molecules in solution to
settle out of the fluid in
which they are
entrained, and come to
rest against a wall.
9. Biological processes
Slow sand filters are
used in water
purification for treating
raw water to produce a
potable product. They
are typically 1 to 2
metres deep, can be
rectangular or
cylindrical in cross
section and are used
primarily to treat
surface water.
10. Activated sludge is a process dealing with
the treatment of sewage and industrial
wastewaters and developed around 1912-
1914.Atmospheric air or pure oxygen is
introduced to a mixture of primary treated or
screened sewage (or industrial wastewater)
combined with organisms to develop a
biological floc which reduces the organic
content of the sewage.
11.
12. Chemical process
Flocculation is, in the field of chemistry, a
process where colloids come out of
suspension in the form of floc or flakes. The
action differs from precipitation in that, prior
to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended
in a liquid and not actually dissolved in a
solution.
13. Chlorination is the process of adding the
element chlorine to water as a method of
water purification to make it fit for human
consumption as drinking water. Water which
has been treated with chlorine is effective in
preventing the spread of water born disease.
14. Chemical & other contaminants
Inorganic water pollutants include:-
Acidity caused by industrial discharges
(especially sulphur dioxide from power plants)
Ammonia from food processing waste
Chemical waste as industrial by-products
Fertilizers containing nutrients--nitrates and
phosphates--which are found in storm water
run off from agriculture, as well as commercial
and residential use
15. Heavy metals from motor vehicles (via
urban storm water runoff) and acid mine
drainage
Silt (sediment) in runoff from construction
sites, logging, slash and burn practices or
land clearing sites
16. Macroscopic pollution—large visible items polluting
the water—may be termed "floatables" in an urban
storm water context, or marine debris when found
on the open seas, and can include such items as:
Trash: (e.g. paper, plastic, or food waste) discarded
by people on the ground, and that are washed by
rainfall into storm drains and eventually discharged
into surface waters
Nurdles: small ubiquitous waterborne plastic pellets
Shipwrecks: large derelict ships.
17. Pathogens are another type of pollution that prove
very harmful. They can cause many illnesses that
range from typhoid and dysentery to minor
respiratory and skin diseases. Pathogens include
such organisms as bacteria, viruses, and protozoan.
These pollutants enter waterways through untreated
sewage, storm drains, septic tanks, runoff from
farms, and particularly boats that dump sewage.
18.
19. The most polluted river in United Kingdom
The pollution of rivers and streams with chemical
contaminants has become one of the most curtail
environmental problems within the 20th century.
Waterborne chemical pollution entering rivers and
streams cause tremendous amounts of
destruction.
The pollution of rivers and streams with chemical
contaminants has become one of the most curtail
environmental problems within the 20th century.
Waterborne chemical pollution entering rivers and
streams cause tremendous amounts of
destruction.
20.
21. Additional forms of water pollution
Three last forms of water pollution exist
in the forms of petroleum, radioactive
substances, and heat. Petroleum often
pollutes waterbodies in the form of oil,
resulting from oil spills.
22. Thermal Pollution
Thermal pollution is the rise or fall in the temperature of
a natural body of water caused by human influence.
A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water
as a coolant by power plants and industrial
manufacturers
Elevated water temperatures decreases oxygen levels
(which can kill fish) and affects ecosystem composition
Thermal pollution can also be caused by the release of
very cold water from the base of reservoirs into warmer
rivers.
23.
24. What are the possible solutions of water
pollution?
Industrial effort : Industry is responsible for a large
amount of pollutants including ones that pollute water.
Legislation has been passed forcing
industry to make efforts to clean up their
waste. Through reducing the waste that
they produce, it has been possible to
reduce the amount of pollutants that enter
the water cycle .
25. Municipal treatment plants are designed to
control conventional pollutants: BOD and
suspended solids
Well-designed and operated systems (i.e.,
secondary treatment or better) can remove 90
percent or more of these pollutants.
Some plants have additional sub-systems to
treat nutrients and pathogens. Most municipal
plants are not designed to treat toxic
pollutants found in industrial wastewater
26. Measurement of water pollution
Water pollution may be analyzed
through several broad categories of
methods: physical, chemical and
biological. Most involve collection of
samples, followed by specialized
analytical tests. Some methods may be
conducted without sampling, such as
temperature
27. Farming Solutions
Choosing organic options can help to reduce the amount of
water pollution. These items are grown without the use of
chemicals.
Those chemicals, when used, enter the water cycle.
Organic products don't introduce those chemicals to the water
cycle.
28. Caring about waste
By properly disposing of all waste, you can help to reduce the
amount of water pollution that is created
The proper management of mass waste disposal
can help to control the introduction of pollutants
into the water cycle.
Simple steps like not storing waste by running
water and controlling runoff in areas where waste
is stored can help to reduce the amount of
pollution introduced into the water cycle
29. Stopping the cycle
There are ways to interrupt the natural
water cycle and prevent pollution
In some places simply filtering water before allowing it
to continue its natural flow may be sufficient .
A natural and beautiful method of doing this is being
used in many places. They are called rain gardens.
They are specifically designed with plants that will
absorb water that otherwise would have runoff into
waterways. This measure also stops contaminants
that may have been washed into those waterways.