This document provides an overview of water quality and nutrient issues in Indiana streams. It discusses how reference streams have diverse habitat and biological communities with low nutrient levels, while impaired streams show agricultural and urban impacts like elevated E. coli and nutrients. Over 3,000 stream reaches in Indiana are impaired, most commonly for nutrients, pathogens, and dissolved oxygen. The Cornbelt region including Indiana has some of the highest levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Excess nutrients can harm aquatic life and human health. Best management practices like conservation tillage and riparian buffers can help reduce nutrient and sediment runoff into streams. Case studies show that as no-till adoption increased in Indiana, sediment levels in streams declined.
Plastering Process (Cement/Masonry/Finishing Layer)Zelkhan
Plastering process which involve plastering on brick walls. This paper explains the mono plastering process which involve only 1 layer of plaster, rather than the usual 3 layer of plaster.
If you find these presentation to be beneficial, I would like to welcome you to donate, and support my work in Cement & Concrete Industry. Donation can be made using the following currency/medium:
Bitcoin Address: 36rb4YnbDZsXcCu7i1aXRVvy31j3GoM9YY
EgoPay: elkhana2u@gmail.com
Perfect Money: U6071834 (USD)
Thanks.
PAINT AND COATING TESTING MANUAL, 15th Edition - ASTM
Edited by Joseph Koleske.
Publisher: ASTM International
Year Edition: 2012
Pages: 1000 pages
FormatType: Hardcover Book
Country: Estados Unidos
different types of paint, 10 different types of paint, acrylic paint , automotive paint, epoxy paint, emulsion paint, enamel paint, concrete paint, eggshell paint, latex paint, metallic paint, texture paint, who introduced acrylic paint, types of automotive paint, ingredients used in concrete paint, paint types in India, paint types in US
Slides from presentation given by Jack Wittman, PhD,
National Director, Layne Geosciences, at Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 3/28/12 meeting.
Slides from presentation given by Richard M. Van Frank from Improving Kids' Environment, at Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 1/25/12 meeting.
Slides from presentation given by Barbara Simpson, Executive Director, Indiana Wildlife Federation, at Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 11/10/11 meeting.
Slides from presentation given by William L. Hoover, PhD, Professor of Forestry Purdue School of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources for 12/8/11 Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Slides from presentation given by John Seifert, Director, Div of Forestry, Indiana Department of Natural Resources at the 12/8/11 Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Slides from presentation given by Jerod Chew, Director of Environmental Stewardship, ISDA, at the 9/28/2011 Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Plastering Process (Cement/Masonry/Finishing Layer)Zelkhan
Plastering process which involve plastering on brick walls. This paper explains the mono plastering process which involve only 1 layer of plaster, rather than the usual 3 layer of plaster.
If you find these presentation to be beneficial, I would like to welcome you to donate, and support my work in Cement & Concrete Industry. Donation can be made using the following currency/medium:
Bitcoin Address: 36rb4YnbDZsXcCu7i1aXRVvy31j3GoM9YY
EgoPay: elkhana2u@gmail.com
Perfect Money: U6071834 (USD)
Thanks.
PAINT AND COATING TESTING MANUAL, 15th Edition - ASTM
Edited by Joseph Koleske.
Publisher: ASTM International
Year Edition: 2012
Pages: 1000 pages
FormatType: Hardcover Book
Country: Estados Unidos
different types of paint, 10 different types of paint, acrylic paint , automotive paint, epoxy paint, emulsion paint, enamel paint, concrete paint, eggshell paint, latex paint, metallic paint, texture paint, who introduced acrylic paint, types of automotive paint, ingredients used in concrete paint, paint types in India, paint types in US
Slides from presentation given by Jack Wittman, PhD,
National Director, Layne Geosciences, at Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 3/28/12 meeting.
Slides from presentation given by Richard M. Van Frank from Improving Kids' Environment, at Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 1/25/12 meeting.
Slides from presentation given by Barbara Simpson, Executive Director, Indiana Wildlife Federation, at Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 11/10/11 meeting.
Slides from presentation given by William L. Hoover, PhD, Professor of Forestry Purdue School of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources for 12/8/11 Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Slides from presentation given by John Seifert, Director, Div of Forestry, Indiana Department of Natural Resources at the 12/8/11 Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Slides from presentation given by Jerod Chew, Director of Environmental Stewardship, ISDA, at the 9/28/2011 Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Slides from presentation given by TNC's Mary McConnell for Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force meeting on 11/10/11.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Slides from the presentation given by Allen Pursell from The Nature Conservancy during the Nov 10, 2011 meeting of the Indiana Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force.
More info: http://www.indianawildlife.org/snrtf.htm
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Water Quality: An Indiana Primer - Sustainable Natural Resources Task Force 3/28/12
1. WATER QUALITY:
AN INDIANA PRIMER
Jeff Frey
Indiana Water Science Center
March 28, 2012
2. NATURAL STREAMS
Reference or unimpacted streams
• Diverse instream habitat and
extensive riparian buffers
– Riffle-run-pool
• Low concentrations of:
– Nutrients
– Pesticides
– Other stressor/ contaminants
• High dissolved oxygen
• Cooler temperatures
Water Chemistry and Habitat
3. UNIMPACTED STREAMS
Reference or unimpacted streams
• Diverse biological communities
– Sensitive species
– More taxa
– Stronger and more complex
food web
• Few unimpacted sites in the region
of the Cornbelt we call Indiana
Biological Response
4. HOW ARE INDIANA STREAMS?
IMPAIRMENT 2008 2010
Impaired Streams Rank AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN IMPAIRMENTS
1 E. COLI
OIL AND GREASE
930
3
979
5
• Clean Water Act PESTICIDES
NUTRIENTS AND NUTRIENT RELATED IMPAIRMENTS
1 1
5 78 163
– 303d and 305b list
DISSOLVED OXYGEN
6 NUTRIENTS 63 110
9 PHOSPHORUS 50 50
• 26 parameters ALGAE
TASTE AND ODOR
20
12
20
12
AMMONIA 6 8
– Acute 2
METALS AND MAJOR IONS
PCBs (FISH TISSUE) 653 612
– Chronic 4
7
MERCURY (FISH TISSUE)
PCBs (WATER)
324
0
355
69
• About 3,000
8 DIOXIN (WATER) 4 69
10 MERCURY (WATER) 0 47
FREE CYANIDE 0 27
impaired reaches PH
CHLORIDE
9
14
18
16
SULFATE 27 1
TOTAL CYANIDE 15 0
LEAD 4 0
NICKEL 1 0
COPPER 1 0
BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES AND RELATED IMPAIRMENTS
3 IMPAIRED BIOTIC COMMUNITIES 421 570
TEMPERATURE 0 14
SILTATION 3 3
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS 42 0
7. WHAT ARE NUTRIENTS?
• Elements required for growth in plants and
animals
• Macronutrients (6): C, H, O, N, P, S
• Micronutrients (20): B, F, Na, Mg, Si, Cl, K, Ca, V,
Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Sn, I
• Most macro- and micronutrients are generally
readily available and rarely limit growth
– Exceptions: N, P, and to a lesser extent Si
NUTRIENT PRIMER
8. NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS
Nitrogen: amino acids (all proteins), nucleic
acids (DNA, RNA)
Phosphorus: nucleic acids, organelle walls (P-
lipids), energy molecules (ADP/ATP/NADP)
From Michael Paul, Tetratech
A. Acid (Tryptophan) Phospholipid Bilayer
DNA NUTRIENT PRIMER
9. NUTRIENT SOURCES
Agricultural
• Fertilizers
• Animal feed lots
– Confined
– Unconfined
• Septic systems
Urban
• Waste Water
Treatment Plants
• Lawn fertilizers
• Industry
Natural occurrences
10. IMPACTS OF EXCESS NUTRIENTS
Excess Nutrients
Aquatic Life Human Health
Recreation
Community Dissolved Taste & Increased
Structure Oxygen Odor Treatment
Suitability for Toxicity
Recreation
(Aesthetics)
NUTRIENT PRIMER
16. WHY RELATIONS BETWEEN NUTRIENTS
AND ALGAL BIOMASS ARE RARELY FOUND?
From Munn and
others, 2010
Nutrient Criteria Approaches: Stressor-Response
17. THE LACK OF RELATIONS SUGGESTS
BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES ARE NEEDED
• Invertebrate
• Fish
• Algae
• States with Diatom IBI’s: KY, MI, MT
Nutrient Criteria Approaches: Stressor-Response
18. Daily DO Fluctuations
States using:
Ohio
Minnesota
Illinois
From Munn and others,
in progress
Nutrient Criteria Approaches: Stressor-Response
19. HOW DO WE KEEP NUTRIENTS OUT OF
STREAMS?
• Nutrient inputs
• Nutrient management plans
• Transport of nutrients
and sediment
• Conservation tillage
• Buffers
• Transformation of nutrients
• Wetlands
• Bioreactors
• 2-stage ditches
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMPS)
21. AS THE AMOUNT OF CROPLAND IN THE
RIPARIAN BUFFER INCREASES
22. MODIFIED STREAMS HAVE DECREASED
NATURAL ABILITY TO REMOVE NITROGEN
Denitrification
• Contact time
with bacteria
• Slower velocity
23. Has Water Quality Improved with the
Implementation of Agricultural
Management Practices?
Case Study: Sugar Creek
24. What are agricultural management
practices?
Conservation tillage
Case Study: Sugar Creek
25. No Till Conservation Tillage Increased
Through the 1990’s
From Evans
& others,
2000 (CTIC)
• Transect
data
• Randomly
selected
• Repeated
• “Window
survey”
26. No Till Conservation Tillage Increased
Through the 1990’s
From
Evans
and
others,
2000 Soybeans Corn
1990 – 2% 1990 – 2%
1998 – 72% 1998 – 5%
2000 – 74% 2000 – 8%
27. Sediment Concentrations over Time
2.00
Log Median Suspended sediment
1.80
1.60
concentrations
1.40
1.20
1.00
0.80
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Year
Case Study: Sugar Creek
28. Sediment Concentrations over Time
3,000 500
Discharge (ft3/sec)
Suspended Sediment (mg/L)
450
2,500
400
350
2,000
300
1,500 250
200
1,000
150
100
500
50
0 0
Case Study: Sugar Creek
31. Nitrate Concentrations over Time
3,000 14
Discharge Nitrate
12
2,500
10
2,000
8
1,500
6
1,000
4
500 2
0 0
Case Study: Sugar Creek
32. Nitrate Concentrations over Time
Discharge Nitrate
3,000 14
12
2,500
1992-2006: No significant change
10
2,000
1992-1999: 14.3% decrease 8
1,500 p-value = 0.363
6
1,000
4
500 2
0 0
Case Study: Sugar Creek
33. Population in Hancock County Has Rapidly
Increased
Population in Hancock County
70,000
65,000
60,000
55,000
50,000
45,000
40,000
1994
2005
1990
1991
1992
1993
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2006
2007
Case Study: Sugar Creek
34. Population in Hancock County Has
Rapidly Increased
Hancock County, Indiana
4
Annual change in population (%)
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Year
Case Study: Sugar Creek
36. A Conceptual Model:
Positive Biological Response to Nutrients
Thresholds
Eutrophic
BIOLOGICAL
RESPONSE
High nutrient breakpoint
Oligotrophic
Low nutrient breakpoint
NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS
Nutrient Criteria Approaches: Stressor-Response
37. Example of Negative Response to Nutrients
80
Algal response in the
Percent Achnanthidium minutissium
Glacial North Diatom Ecoregion
70
Breakpoint
60 0.643 mg/L
50
0.05 Confidence Intervals
40
30
20
10
0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Total Nitrogen (mg/L)
Nutrient Criteria Approaches: Stressor-Response
38. BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES CAN
HELP SHOW LOW NUTRIENT SITES
• Low nutrients, high algal
biomass (uptake sites)
– Stonerollers
– Creek chubs
• Low nutrients, low algal
biomass (oligotrophic)
– Longear sunfish
– Spotfin shiners
39. WHAT DOES INDIANA CONTRIBUTE
DOWNSTREAM?
Wabash River
Ohio River
Major Sub-basins of the Mississippi River
40. Super Gages
White River at Hazleton, IN (03374100)
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv/?site_no=03374100&PARAmeter_cd=00400,00095,00010
Discharge
Suspended http://www.ipcamhost.net/test_player.jsp?id=
18&path=usgs-in
sediment
41. Super Gages
Eagle Creek at Zionsville, IN (03353200)
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv/?site_no=03353200&PARAmeter_cd=00400,00095,00010
Discharge
Nitrate
42. Surrogates
Suspended Sediment vs. Turbidity
1,000
R2 = 0.96
n = 13
Suspended sediment
concentration, mg/L
100 Other uses:
• Phosphorus
10 • Algal biomass
1
1 10 100 1,000
Turbidity, Formazin nephelometric units
White River at Hazleton, IN
43. QA/QC leads to accurate data
180 5
White River at Hazleton, IN
Turbidity, Formazin nephelometric
Peak Turbidity
160 Raw 161
Corrected 140 4.5
140 Final Turbidity
Raw 106
Gage height, feet
Corrected 76
120 4
100
units
3.5
80
60 3
40 Initial Turbidity
Raw 48 2.5
20 Corrected 48
0 2
8/1 8/3 8/5 8/7 8/9 8/11 8/13 8/15
Turbidity, raw data Turbidity, corrected Gage height
Monitoring Primer
46. REMAINING ISSUES
• Is there a sufficient nutrient gradient to
identify breakpoints?
• Can regional breakpoints be used across
multiple states?
• Local vs Downstream Impacts: Account
for downstream impacts
• There can be nutrient impairment even if
there is a “good” IBI score
Nutrient Criteria Approaches
47. NUTRIENTS CAN BE REWARDING
Jeff Frey
Indiana Water Science Center
jwfrey@usgs.gov
317-290-3333 x151
48. APPROACHES FOR DEVELOPING
NUTRIENT CRITERIA
Multiple approaches:
• Classification
• Reference condition
• Stressor – response
• Mechanistic models
• Literature and Best Professional
Judgment
• Multiple lines of evidence
49. USEPA REQUIREMENTS FOR STATES
Numerical criteria
• Causal variables
–TP
–TN
• Response variables
–Chl a (periphyton and seston)
–Transparency/turbidity
50. MULTIPLE LINES OF EVIDENCE
Biological Response
TN (mg/L) TP (mg/L)
Study Location Low High Low High
Smith Nutrient IBI (2007) New York 0.34 1.40 0.018 0.065
NEET O/E Midwest 0.58 1.34 0.026 0.100
Crain and Caskey (2010) Kentucky wadable -- -- 0.032 --
Miltner (2010) Ohio -- -- 0.038 --
Heiskary et al (2010) Minnesota (North and Northwest) -- 1.77 0.040
Robertson et al (2008) Wisconsin (large rivers – inverts) 0.53 1.99 0.040 0.150
Robertson et al (2006) Wisconsin (wadable streams – fish) 0.54 -- 0.055 0.067
Frey et al (2011) wadable Glacial North (MN, WI, MI) 0.60 1.20 0.030 0.100
NEET EPT richness Midwest, West 0.60 -- 0.052 0.174
Wang et al (2007) Wisconsin 0.60 -- -- --
Miltner and Rankin (1998) Ohio 0.61 1.65 0.060 0.170
Robertson et al (2006) Wisconsin (wadable streams - inverts 0.61 1.11 0.088 0.091
Robertson et al (2008) Wisconsin (large rivers) fish 0.63 1.97 0.079 0.139
Caskey et al (2010) Indiana wadable 2.40 3.30 0.042 0.129
Heiskary et al (2010) Minnesota (south) 1.77 3.60
Frey et al (2011) Central and Western Plains (IL, IN, OH) 1.70 3.50 0.075 0.133
Background nutrient concentrations or trophic levels
Dodds et al (1998) National, 33rd and 66th percentiles 0.70 1.70 0.025 0.075
Robertson et al (2006) Wisconsin (median reference) wadable 0.61 1.10 0.035 --
Robertson et al (2008) Wisconsin (median reference) large rivers 0.40 0.70 0.035 --
51. FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION APPROACH
75% 25%
Reference All
sites sites
23 mg/L
20 mg/L 25 mg/L
0 50
Possible criterion value
Nutrient Criteria Approaches: Reference Condition