The document summarizes field trials conducted in March 2016 and November 2016 testing the use of drones and sensors for oil spill and chemical detection. In the March 2016 trials in Kalajoki, Finland, drones and a helicopter carried sensors over basins containing different oil and ice mixtures to test detection capabilities. Sensors like BlueHawkTM, a hyperspectral camera and OWLTM showed potential but also limitations. Lessons included maximum payloads for drones and sensor weight restrictions. November 2016 trials in Kuopio tested chemical detection sensors on drones over simulated spills. The document concluded platform operators need understanding of sensors and operators need awareness of technology limitations for reliable interpretation.
Oil Detection among Ice and Snow_Lessons learned_Sassi_Rytkönen 24 March 2015Jukka Sassi
This document summarizes lessons learned from an Arctic oil recovery exercise in Kemi, Finland. It discusses various technologies for detecting oil among ice and snow, including passive optical sensors, thermal infrared sensors, radar sensors, and active laser and fluorosensors. It also reviews different deployment platforms like satellites, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, surface vessels, and autonomous underwater vehicles. The document concludes that a flexible combination of sensors across multiple platforms is recommended for Arctic oil spill response and identifies some of the main challenges around detecting oil in ice-filled conditions. Plans are also announced to test new sensor technologies in field experiments in northern Finland in 2016.
This document provides an overview of techniques for assessing water quality in streams. It discusses parameters such as dissolved oxygen, suspended sediments, turbidity, conductivity, pH and temperature. Methods are described for measuring these parameters in the field using probes and other tools. The document also covers topics like sediment embeddedness and how factors like development and erosion can impact water quality. Overall it serves as a guide for monitoring common indicators of stream water quality.
Ksat satellite monitoring of oil spills at seaPetromedia
The document discusses satellite monitoring of oil spills at sea. It describes the operational service chain for detecting oil spills using radar satellite data. Key details include regular monitoring services with images every 1-4 days, emergency response capabilities, and integrating satellite data with other data like Automatic Identification System (AIS) to identify polluting sources. Case studies of detected oil spills are presented to demonstrate the service.
Kongsberg Satellite Services (KSAT) provides satellite-based oil spill detection services using a multi-mission approach with multiple satellite providers. This allows for near real-time monitoring across wide areas. KSAT's polar ground stations and data processing capabilities allow acquisition of imagery from polar-orbiting satellites for timely delivery of oil spill reports within 2.5 hours. Engaging KSAT's monitoring services provides benefits like early spill detection and identification, regulatory compliance demonstration, and corporate social responsibility effects.
The document discusses a hydrologic monitoring system assessment being conducted to help a World Bank borrower develop technical specifications for tendering a hydrologic monitoring project. It reviews common hydrologic measurement methods and requests information from the borrower on measurement sites and parameters to fully design the monitoring system. The goal is to produce clear specifications that will lead to more competitive bidding and a cost-effective, sustainable hydrologic monitoring system.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Digital Fuel Meter with the Help of Ultrason...IRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a digital fuel meter that uses ultrasonic sensors to measure the amount of fuel entering a vehicle's fuel tank. It has two phases: 1) A measuring tank with an ultrasonic sensor at the top to measure the distance to the fuel surface and calculate the fuel volume. 2) A storage tank that receives the fuel after measurement and supplies it to the engine. The device aims to accurately measure the fuel amount provided, which is often incorrectly reported. It works by sending and receiving ultrasonic waves and calculating the time for their propagation to determine the fuel level based on known speed of sound in air.
Oil Detection among Ice and Snow_Lessons learned_Sassi_Rytkönen 24 March 2015Jukka Sassi
This document summarizes lessons learned from an Arctic oil recovery exercise in Kemi, Finland. It discusses various technologies for detecting oil among ice and snow, including passive optical sensors, thermal infrared sensors, radar sensors, and active laser and fluorosensors. It also reviews different deployment platforms like satellites, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, surface vessels, and autonomous underwater vehicles. The document concludes that a flexible combination of sensors across multiple platforms is recommended for Arctic oil spill response and identifies some of the main challenges around detecting oil in ice-filled conditions. Plans are also announced to test new sensor technologies in field experiments in northern Finland in 2016.
This document provides an overview of techniques for assessing water quality in streams. It discusses parameters such as dissolved oxygen, suspended sediments, turbidity, conductivity, pH and temperature. Methods are described for measuring these parameters in the field using probes and other tools. The document also covers topics like sediment embeddedness and how factors like development and erosion can impact water quality. Overall it serves as a guide for monitoring common indicators of stream water quality.
Ksat satellite monitoring of oil spills at seaPetromedia
The document discusses satellite monitoring of oil spills at sea. It describes the operational service chain for detecting oil spills using radar satellite data. Key details include regular monitoring services with images every 1-4 days, emergency response capabilities, and integrating satellite data with other data like Automatic Identification System (AIS) to identify polluting sources. Case studies of detected oil spills are presented to demonstrate the service.
Kongsberg Satellite Services (KSAT) provides satellite-based oil spill detection services using a multi-mission approach with multiple satellite providers. This allows for near real-time monitoring across wide areas. KSAT's polar ground stations and data processing capabilities allow acquisition of imagery from polar-orbiting satellites for timely delivery of oil spill reports within 2.5 hours. Engaging KSAT's monitoring services provides benefits like early spill detection and identification, regulatory compliance demonstration, and corporate social responsibility effects.
The document discusses a hydrologic monitoring system assessment being conducted to help a World Bank borrower develop technical specifications for tendering a hydrologic monitoring project. It reviews common hydrologic measurement methods and requests information from the borrower on measurement sites and parameters to fully design the monitoring system. The goal is to produce clear specifications that will lead to more competitive bidding and a cost-effective, sustainable hydrologic monitoring system.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Digital Fuel Meter with the Help of Ultrason...IRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a digital fuel meter that uses ultrasonic sensors to measure the amount of fuel entering a vehicle's fuel tank. It has two phases: 1) A measuring tank with an ultrasonic sensor at the top to measure the distance to the fuel surface and calculate the fuel volume. 2) A storage tank that receives the fuel after measurement and supplies it to the engine. The device aims to accurately measure the fuel amount provided, which is often incorrectly reported. It works by sending and receiving ultrasonic waves and calculating the time for their propagation to determine the fuel level based on known speed of sound in air.
Este documento proporciona información sobre las contracciones regulares e irregulares durante el parto, así como instrucciones sobre cómo asistir el nacimiento de un bebé de manera segura. Describe los pasos a seguir, como proteger el periné de la madre, sostener la cabeza y hombros del bebé durante la salida, cubrir al recién nacido si el ambiente es frío, y examinar la presión y el pulso de la madre cada 15 minutos. También incluye detalles sobre la evaluación del recién nacido usando la escal
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This document describes the Strategic Conversation model, an alternative approach to strategic planning that promotes continuous organizational discussion and adaptation. The model involves a 10-step workshop process to:
1) Analyze the organization's environment, capabilities, competitors and uncertainties
2) Develop scenarios accounting for different futures
3) Evaluate strategic options and make decisions on priorities
4) Establish measurable goals for evaluating success over 5 years
The goal is to create an ongoing, dynamic process rather than a static plan, allowing for adjustment to changing conditions.
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Nicole is a first time mother caring for her baby, Auden, who has a disability. She discusses the challenges of caring for a baby with special needs, like using a special bottle to feed him. Nicole also works as a waitress to support her family, but finds parenting stressful with less time to cook or clean. She accepts help from her family like babysitting from her mother. Nicole still makes time for family and enjoys nights out when possible despite her new responsibilities as a mother.
This document discusses short-term trading strategies based on trends at the start of different trading sessions. It presents two strategies - continuation and pullback - that involve determining the trend in the first 15 minutes of the Asia, London, or US session and entering long or short positions accordingly. The strategies aim to book profits before the end of the trading session. Risk disclosures warn that trading carries significant risk of losses and success is not guaranteed. The document promotes StockStream as providing education, expert guidance, and analysis tools to help learners develop their own trading skills.
A patchwork of individual solutions (LOTE 5, 27 feb 2016)Mohamed Hegazy
Presentation given at LOTE 5 conference in Brussels on the 27th February 2016. TfC maps all formal and informal public transportation in Cairo.
For more, visit our website: http://transportforcairo.com/
Lightt is a video recording app that allows users to add effects and filters to videos. It also allows users to tag people in videos and share videos on social networks. The app allows users to record videos, add effects and filters, search for people to tag, add captions and locations, and share the finished video on social media networks.
The document lists the top 5000 brands in India according to www.pricetree.com. It is organized by category and lists each brand along with its URL on the pricetree website. Some examples of categories included are air coolers, audio systems, Bluetooth headsets, camcorders, cases, choppers, and more. Each brand entry consists of the category, brand name, and URL.
Strahlendorff - EO and insitu for weather, water and climateMikko Strahlendorff
This document discusses in-situ observation, Earth observation (EO) data, and modeling at the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). It notes that FMI has been collecting in-situ weather data at the Sodankylä supersite since 1856, and now also collects various other environmental data. EO and model data volumes are much larger, with raw Sentinel data alone being over 100 TB per year. While FMI climate and station data are openly available, hydrological in-situ data is not shared widely between countries. The document concludes that meaningful compilation and visualization of data is crucial for end-user uptake of weather and climate services.
Este documento proporciona información sobre las contracciones regulares e irregulares durante el parto, así como instrucciones sobre cómo asistir el nacimiento de un bebé de manera segura. Describe los pasos a seguir, como proteger el periné de la madre, sostener la cabeza y hombros del bebé durante la salida, cubrir al recién nacido si el ambiente es frío, y examinar la presión y el pulso de la madre cada 15 minutos. También incluye detalles sobre la evaluación del recién nacido usando la escal
This document discusses the importance of risk management in trading and investing. It outlines the basic principles of risk management, including having a defined trading strategy with entry, stop loss, and profit taking levels. It emphasizes limiting risks on individual trades to 2-5% of capital and maintaining a reward to risk ratio of at least 1:2. The document also provides examples of how risk management differs between beginner, intermediate, and professional traders.
This document describes the Strategic Conversation model, an alternative approach to strategic planning that promotes continuous organizational discussion and adaptation. The model involves a 10-step workshop process to:
1) Analyze the organization's environment, capabilities, competitors and uncertainties
2) Develop scenarios accounting for different futures
3) Evaluate strategic options and make decisions on priorities
4) Establish measurable goals for evaluating success over 5 years
The goal is to create an ongoing, dynamic process rather than a static plan, allowing for adjustment to changing conditions.
The document provides an analysis of how the media product uses conventions of real music videos. It discusses using forms from Rihanna's music videos as inspiration. Key areas like camerawork, editing, sound, and mis-en-scene are addressed. Shots like close-ups and locations like a park were used to portray emotion. The visuals, audio, and story were carefully synced to the song. Elements from other artists' videos like red party cups and black and white footage were incorporated to feel realistic. Overall, conventions from the R&B/hip hop genre and existing music videos were challenged and developed upon to craft an authentic final product.
This document summarizes a student's study trip to Putuo District in Shanghai, China. It begins with the student's assumptions about China prior to arrival, which included stereotypes about hard work, pollution, and product quality. The trip presentation provided details on Putuo District's location, population, economy and development focus. The student realized some of their assumptions were incorrect, such as Chinese people prioritizing rest and environmental initiatives. They concluded the trip was a valuable cultural learning experience.
Nicole is a first time mother caring for her baby, Auden, who has a disability. She discusses the challenges of caring for a baby with special needs, like using a special bottle to feed him. Nicole also works as a waitress to support her family, but finds parenting stressful with less time to cook or clean. She accepts help from her family like babysitting from her mother. Nicole still makes time for family and enjoys nights out when possible despite her new responsibilities as a mother.
This document discusses short-term trading strategies based on trends at the start of different trading sessions. It presents two strategies - continuation and pullback - that involve determining the trend in the first 15 minutes of the Asia, London, or US session and entering long or short positions accordingly. The strategies aim to book profits before the end of the trading session. Risk disclosures warn that trading carries significant risk of losses and success is not guaranteed. The document promotes StockStream as providing education, expert guidance, and analysis tools to help learners develop their own trading skills.
A patchwork of individual solutions (LOTE 5, 27 feb 2016)Mohamed Hegazy
Presentation given at LOTE 5 conference in Brussels on the 27th February 2016. TfC maps all formal and informal public transportation in Cairo.
For more, visit our website: http://transportforcairo.com/
Lightt is a video recording app that allows users to add effects and filters to videos. It also allows users to tag people in videos and share videos on social networks. The app allows users to record videos, add effects and filters, search for people to tag, add captions and locations, and share the finished video on social media networks.
The document lists the top 5000 brands in India according to www.pricetree.com. It is organized by category and lists each brand along with its URL on the pricetree website. Some examples of categories included are air coolers, audio systems, Bluetooth headsets, camcorders, cases, choppers, and more. Each brand entry consists of the category, brand name, and URL.
Strahlendorff - EO and insitu for weather, water and climateMikko Strahlendorff
This document discusses in-situ observation, Earth observation (EO) data, and modeling at the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). It notes that FMI has been collecting in-situ weather data at the Sodankylä supersite since 1856, and now also collects various other environmental data. EO and model data volumes are much larger, with raw Sentinel data alone being over 100 TB per year. While FMI climate and station data are openly available, hydrological in-situ data is not shared widely between countries. The document concludes that meaningful compilation and visualization of data is crucial for end-user uptake of weather and climate services.
Sentinel-3 Future Products Overview - EUMETCast User Forum 2014EUMETSAT
The document discusses future satellite services from the Copernicus Sentinel-3 mission. Sentinel-3 will carry several instruments to measure sea and land surface temperature, sea surface topography, ocean and land color, and more. It will generate various data products at different processing levels with different spatial resolutions, swath widths, and timeliness from near-real time to non-time critical. The products will be disseminated through EUMETCast and an online archive and will be made gradually available to Copernicus services and scientific users during the commissioning and ramp-up phase after the launch of Sentinel-3A.
The document provides an overview of activities for piloting the SLOPE demonstrator. It summarizes preparations for demonstrators in Sover, Italy in spring 2016 and Annaberg, Austria in autumn 2016. It describes the survey site in Annaberg including the characteristics of the forest stand and outlines activities already performed at the site. It then presents prospective plans for the harvesting demo in Annaberg, including marking trees with RFIDs, felling, extracting and processing trees. An agreement with Austrian Federal Forests to support the demo is also summarized.
WP7 tested the SLOPE harvesting system across two pilot sites in Italy and Austria. At the Italian site in Sover, RFID-tagged trees were felled and extracted using cable yarding. Some technical issues were encountered but valuable lessons were learned. The system was improved and demonstrated again at the Austrian site in Annaberg, where the whole supply chain was tested and productivity was higher. Comprehensive data was collected across operations and sites to validate system performance and identify areas for further improvement.
Corrosion Management System and Implementation of IMO PSPC on FPSOPutu Indra Mahatrisna
This document discusses corrosion management and the implementation of IMO standards on floating storage and offloading (FSO) and floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels in Indonesia. It provides an overview of Indonesia's offshore oil and gas operations, detailing the types and numbers of marine vessels used. It then focuses on corrosion management systems for FSOs/FPSOs, outlining the objectives and basic processes. Challenges in corrosion management are also discussed. Finally, it touches on implementing the IMO's Performance Standard for Protective Coatings on these vessels.
This document provides information about SIKA's PS200 portable gas detector, including its features and compliance with SOLAS regulation XI-1/7. The PS200 can detect up to 4 gases simultaneously, has audible and visual alarms, and is lightweight and robust. It meets the requirements of the SOLAS regulation which mandates gas detectors on ships from July 2016. The document also describes an auto bump calibration station that allows for simple testing, calibration, and charging of the PS200.
This document contains a CV for Sigve Hamilton Aspelund including personal details, qualifications, employment history, training programs delivered, languages, and offshore/software experience. The CV outlines over 14 years of experience in various roles within the oil and gas industry including positions as a reservoir engineer, production engineer, QHSE engineer, instructor, and consultant. Aspelund has delivered over 25 training programs worldwide on topics such as reservoir modeling, drilling, production engineering, and safety. He is proficient in English, Norwegian, and German.
Fouling and contamination of sensors was studied in waste water applications. Tests were conducted at two waste water treatment plants to analyze fouling on different sensor surfaces and evaluate mitigation techniques. Ultrasound did not effectively reduce fouling and may have worsened it. Certain coatings and ultraviolet light showed promise in mitigating fouling on optical sensors. Further testing of photocatalytic coatings combined with UV light could provide an effective non-fouling solution for optical sensors in waste water applications.
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Andy Smerdon - Fisherman OceanographersAndy Smerdon
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Polar Use Case - ExtremeEarth Open WorkshopExtremeEarth
This document provides an overview of an ExtremeEarth project that aims to apply deep learning techniques to classify sea ice in polar regions using satellite imagery. The project has received funding from the European Union. It discusses challenges in classifying sea ice from SAR imagery compared to optical imagery. It outlines user requirements for sea ice products, including high resolution (300m or better) and frequent updates (near real-time). The document describes workflows using the Polar Thematic Exploitation Platform (Polar TEP) for large-scale sea ice mapping using Copernicus satellite data and machine learning algorithms. It also discusses exploitation of results, including the impact of Polar TEP and efforts to facilitate the polar machine learning community.
Le Bourget 2017 - Rotary Wing Unmanned Air Systems & Surveillance/Maritime Pa...Leonardo
During the 2017 edition of the Paris Air Show, James Wang, SVP Marketing of Leonardo Helicopters briefed the media on role and capabilities of RUAS aircraft
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Polar Use Case in ExtremeEarth-phiweek19ExtremeEarth
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Similar to VTT Sassi RPAS Kuopio 2016 Experiences on sensor testing for oil & chemical (20)
VTT Sassi RPAS Kuopio 2016 Experiences on sensor testing for oil & chemical
1. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD
Experiences on sensor testing
for oil & chemical response
operations
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and
Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT
November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
2. 209/11/2016 2
Content of the presentation
1. Overview of Kalajoki test trials 2016
2. Platforms & sensors
3. Results
4. Lessons learned
5. RPAS Kuopio experiments
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
3. 309/11/2016 3
Kalajoki field trials – location of test site
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
Test site at the premises of Port of Kalajoki,
70 km north-east from Kokkola
Field trials performed 14-15 March 2016
4. 409/11/2016 4
Test site arrangements
Three separate basins with different oil-ice-water
concentrations
Test oil: HFO180
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
Basin A (60 m2): 30% ice, 70% water, 150 l oil.
Basin B (15m2): 50% ice, 50% water,
no oil.
Basin C (15m2): 70% ice, 30% water, 50 l oil.
5. 509/11/2016 5
Platforms
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
Drone
• Videodrone X8 with remote control console and
operator
• Equipped with video camera
• Operated by Air Intelligence Finland
• Max. payload ca. 3,5 kg
Helicopter
• Schweizer 300, max. payload 75 kg
• Provided by First Invest Ltd
6. 609/11/2016 6
Sensors
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
BlueHawk™ fluorosensor by LDI Innovation OÜ;
Ø 10 cm, length 24,5 cm, weight approx. 3,8 kg
Hyperspectral camera by Rikola Ltd
Oil in Water Locator – OWL™ by LDI
Innovation OÜ, 65 x 45 x 37 cm, 40 kg
Company Sensor Platform
Air Intelligence Finland Ltd (FI) Optris IR camera Drone
Infradex Ltd (FI) Workswell Wiris 640 TIR Drone
LDI Innovation OÜ (EE) Oil in Water Locator - OWL™ Helicopter
LDI Innovation OÜ (EE) BlueHawk™ Handhold
NLS (FI) VIS/NIR hyperspectral camera Handhold
Rikola Ltd (FI) VIS/NIR hyperspectral camera Drone and helicopter
7. 709/11/2016 7
Sensors (2)
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
Workwell Wiris 640 TIR camera by Infradex Ltd
Optris PI 400 IR thermometer by Air Intelligence Finland
8. 809/11/2016 8
Results & observations / Blue-Hawk™
Tests with Blue-Hawk™ (BH) were interrupted since the sensor was too heavy for
drone to carry more than 10 - 20 sec, thus tested as handhold option
According to LDI, oil detection capability of BH at distances up to 15 m have been
already proved by numerous tests in its stationary installations.
Tests confirmed that BH can be mounted in a drone
During short flight BH transmitted signals correctly to ground PC.
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
9. 909/11/2016 9
Results & observations / Hyperspectral camera
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
(Ref.: Svejkovsky et al, 2012)
• Presence of oil can be
noticed in reflectance values;
in oil-free surfaces decline is
more evident
• Different ice concentrations in
basins may have influenced
on result
10. 1009/11/2016 10
Results & observations / OWL
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• Left (daylight): results indicate that first set of non-zero
readings corresponds to first crossing of oil target at
11:59:07.
• Another overflight at 11:59:41 also corresponded to oil
target.
• Below (nighttime): two peaks correspond to oil
readings from basins A and C while basin B did not
generate any readings as there was no oil present
11. 1109/11/2016 11
Results & observations / Optris IR thermometer
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• Optris IR thermometer image from basin A illustrated with two different color palette
• Interestingly Optris detected hardly any oil in other parts of basin A
12. 1209/11/2016 12
Results & observations / Optris IR thermometer (2)
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• Apparently no oil detected in basin B but temperature difference between water
and ice was observed
13. 1309/11/2016 13
Results & observations / Optris IR thermometer (3)
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• No detection of any oil in basin C although there was oil
• No difference between the basin and the packed snow surrounding the basin
• Confusing since plenty of oil present in basin and difference between packed snow and
oil/ice the in basin was visually apparent
14. 1409/11/2016 14
Results & observations / Optris IR thermometer (4)
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
Possible reasons for false readings:
• Time used for the imaging of one basin (average of one
minute) might have been too short for oil detection since
only thickest layer of oil was detected
• Angle of IR camera toward basins might not have been
optimum for oil detection in prevailing conditions
• If possible different imaging angles could have been tried to
find out best possible angle
• Target areas should have been larger
15. 1509/11/2016 15
Technology evaluation summary /
Expected detection performance
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
Among Pack Ice
On ice
Under ice / Low visibility
Ice concentration snow or Blowing Darkness Rain or
Technology < 30% 30-60% >60% encapsulated snow fog
VIS, MS, UV,
Hyperspectral
Active
systems
TIR
MWR
SAR, SLAR
Marine radar
GPR
LFS
TDL
LURSOT
LiDAR
Acoustic
NMR
Dogs
(Ref.: Puestow et al, 2013)
16. 1609/11/2016 16
Lessons learned / Drone
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• Moderate wind conditions favorable to drone and flying operations could be performed
as planned
• Wind limit for drone around 10 m/s while harder wind speeds causes exceeding of
rectification limits of gimbal causing poor image quality
• Maximum payload around 3,5 kg since 3,8 kg was too heavy for a longer (> 20 sec)
period of flying time
• Operator must have a direct unaided eye contact to drone
• Attention must be payed to charging of batteries in order to avoid additional
interruptions during monitoring sessions
17. 1709/11/2016 17
Lessons learned / Helicopter
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• Some challenges to hit targets in fairly small basins, especially when flying in
higher altitudes (not a problem in a real case due to larger target area)
• Heavier helicopter would enable more space for sensors and sensor operators,
downside higher operational costs
• In case when operational area is more than 300 m from shoreline helicopter
must be equipped with floats -> limits use of sensors due to obstacle caused by
floats on both sides of helicopter
18. 1809/11/2016 18
Lessons learned / Sensors
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
• Blue-Hawk™:
• Sensor was too heavy for drone but could be used as handhold
• Previous experiments conducted by LDI Innovation OÜ with stationary installations
have indicated that sensor isa capable to detect oil up to 15 m distance
• Hyperspectral camera:
• Spectral ranges from water samples could be classified with good accuracy
• However, it was not clear if distinguishable differences in spectral ranges were
caused by different ice-water concentrations in basins
• Especially presence of ice made classification challenging
• OWL™:
• Detected oil in both basins and confirmed that technology
is suitable for a helicopter platform
• When operating in dark conditions, UV target light needed
in assisting pilot and operator to hit target area
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Lessons learned / General
Platform operator should have a basic understanding of sensors’ operation principle in order
to be able to operate it properly and interpret collected data
Sensor operators and observers should be aware of limitations and basic operational
principals of utilized technology in order to be able to provide reliable and accurate
interpretation of measured data -> crucial in cases when operators and/or observers are not
from companies providing sensor technology
Limitations of platforms in question must be addressed beforehand
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
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RPAS Field trials @ Kuopio, Nov. 1, 2016
• Test site of Emergency Services College
• Two different drones: Videodrone X8 (max. payload ca. 3,5 kg) & Airborne Heavy Lift
KX-8 (max. payload 7 kg)
• Chemicals: acids, hydrocarbons & ammonia
• Detectors: ChemPro100i, Dräger detector tubes & Aeromon Ltd.
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland
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RPAS Field trials @ Kuopio, Nov. 1, 2016 (2)
RPAS as a support tool for Emergency and Response Services
Jukka Sassi, VTT, November 2, 2016, Kuopio, Finland