‘Volunteering is part of our social fabric. It supports fundamental values of inclusion and citizenship.’ These words from the European Commission also concern the role of the volunteers in the cultural heritage arena. With governments limiting their financial support, the contribution of the volunteers becomes even more vital. They play an extremely important part in preserving and presenting our cultural heritage. Nevertheless, infrastructure and tools are still largely being developed with professionals in mind. The two cases presented here offer a different perspective, putting the volunteer at the centre stage: his contribution and his needs.

1. VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR
THE CULTURAL HERITAGE
ARENA
SOPHIE VISSER / WILLEMKE LANDMAN
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

2. CENTRAL THEME
Concern about
involvement and influence of
(formost) volunteering local people
in typically small organisations
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

3. VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA
Sophie Visser
-Career in information systems : policy, design, methods, info modeling, tc.
-Societal activities, e.g.
- ‘Big Brother’ (citizen initiative against privacy threats)
- ‘Women & Informatics’ (women movement initiative)
-2006 Master degree in Historical Geography
- Landscape history & heritage  information products & use
- Collaborative / participative issues
-Own firm LandZij Consultancy => e.g. assignments for municipalities
-PhD research on Information & Communication on Cultural landscape & Heritage
(Utrecht University, Dpt. Of Geosciences)
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

4. VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA
Willemke Landman
senior advisor heritage and e-culture
Stichting Landschap Erfgoed Utrecht/
Foundation Landscape Heritage Utrecht
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

5. VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

6. ISSUES
tension between
packages that are policy driven, top down
expectations of volunteers (bottom up)
different value systems used by volunteers
in comparison to the policy driven values
organisation of platforms to share best practices
role of professional heritage organisations, mediating between
official tools and need of volunteers
search for selfsustaining structure of volunteers
(when professional heritage organisations finish support)
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

7. VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA
•and you are …......................
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

8. Part 2
Positioning of Volunteers
and their rightful involvement
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

9. 2011 EU Year of Volunteering
' Volunteers: added value for Europe's cultural
heritage'
Europa Nostra / Amsterdam Declaration 2011
What is this added value?
Does the volunteer get enough value in return?
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

10. *European Landscape Convention (ELC)
- Dates from 2000, but States has to ratify it (Netherlands in 2005)
- 2003: Participation essential, but perceived constrained
(critiqued as: “the intended methods and GISses showed a very
one-sided approach to public involvement”
- 2008: “Participation implies two-way communication”
(from experts and scientists to the population and vice versa)
*The Netherlands: struggling with two-way participation & communication
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

11. LANDSCHAP ERFGOED UTRECHT
Part 3
USE OF 3D IN PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL
HERITAGE
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
Willemke Landman
Landschap Erfgoed Utrecht
DISH 2011, December 8, 2011

12. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Position archeological volunteers in Province of Utrecht
• What is their role in the preservation and presentation of
archeological heritage
• What is their position vis-a-vis professional
field/authorities
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

13. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
• Malta Convention (1992)
• Wet archeologische monumentenzorg (Wamz, 2007)
• Responsibility largely from central government to
municipalities (planning permits, buildings permits)
• Commercialisation archeological research/fieldwork
• Marginalisation volunteers (fieldwork)
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

14. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
AWN: association for volunteers in archeology
• www.awn-archeologie.nl
Reorientation role amateur archeologists/volunteers
1. Field research (assisting professionals/companies)
2. Communication (public awareness)
3. Lobbyist (checking municipalities)
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

15. • MOTIVE
• lack of public access to archeological heritage in
Province of Utrecht
• Objects ' disappear' in provincial repository
• PILOT COURSE
3d photography of archeological objects
Presentation / exhibition
Target group: volunteers
Utrecht, May-June 2011
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
<

16. 16
3D-applications in CH:
Research
Documentation
Fysical reconstruction
Cultural tourism
Public access
Education
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

17. Sunday, November 27,
2011vrijdag 5 juni 2009
LEU Ploegbegeleiders overleg 10
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Products in CH
• 3D models
• Animations
• Visualisations
• Digital Terrain Models
• Maps
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE

18. Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
• 7 meetings
• Accompanied by
• professional, archeological heritage, Ton van
Rooijen, LEU
• professional, e-culture and heritage,
Willemke Landman, LEU
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

19. Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
•Method:
-Photostitching
•Use of open source
•Free software
– Arc 3D
– MeshLab
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
Courtesy of Photomodeler

20. Sunday, November 27,
2011vrijdag 5 juni 2009
LEU Ploegbegeleiders overleg 21
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
• Easy Access
• Photo camera (SLR)
• Consumer class
• (< 5MB pixels)
• PC Windows OS
• Internet access
Optioneel
• Tripod
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

21. Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
• praktijk voorbeelden
• Provinciaal Depot
• nog toe te voegen: foto Willemke in actie
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
Provincial Repository

22. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
• voorbeelden
•
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
MUSEUM DORESTAD

23. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
• voorbeelden
•
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

24. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

25. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
EXPERIENCES
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

26. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
1. START: UPLOAD AND DOWNLOAD
• Arc 3D Software only for OS Windows (now also Mac
version)
• Server Arc 3D: Messages can be confusing
• Server errors upload to server
• Server download model confusing
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

27. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
• wat ging wat slecht
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

28. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
3. EQUIPMENT
• Lightning
• Professional lighting equipment neccesary
• Camera
• High level control of necessary
• PC
• Resulting 3D-models very big
• rendering takes up great capacity of processor
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

29. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
4. FOCUS
• Developed for
• large monuments and sites (Arc 3D)
• Outside photography: outdoor light
• Regional and local volunteers work mainly with:
• objects (coins, shards)
• small size
• inside photography: artifical lighting
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

30. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
5. VALUES SETS
Official organisations select on basis of adminstrative
values
- Volunteers select on basis of mix of ‘official’,
emotional and social values
- Official organisations wish to tell the facts
- Volunteers wish to tell the story behind the object
- Official organisations wish to document
- Volunteers (also) wish to exhibit (webpresentation)
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

31. USE OF 3D FOR PRESENTING
LOCAL AND REGIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
CONCLUSIONS
• Very promising pilot
• Participants enthousiast
• Software to much develop software
• Not yet suitable for use by volunteers
• Need for
• or supporting network / platform
• recognition of values volunteers
Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– 8 december 2011Willemke Landman - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives

32. Part 4
Some examples
in view
their actual contributions
to heritage and volunteers
Sophie Visser
LandZij Consultancy / Utrecht University, Dpt. Of Geosciences
DISH 2011, December 8, 2011
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION

33. Own background in participation and landscape information
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION
Rotterdam
The
Hague
Utrecht
Amsterdam
Citizens initiative group
For
serious participation in
Oude Rijn Zone project
2005-2007
Oude Rijn river
Oude Rijn Zone
Supporting local organizations
in the Green Heart
in spatial
questions, problems, participation
>2007
The ‘Green Heart’ of Holland
Master research
+ assigments
Area of Reeuwijk
2004 +
- Landscape History
- Information products
- Digital maps
In cooperation with
local en regional
people & organozations

34. Own background in participation and
landscape information
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION

35. Issues on participation, heritage and information
*Participation in what  contribution to what?
- in knowledge about landscape history & heritage?
- in information in information systems, websites, other media
- just contributing ‘experiences’?
- in the valuation of landscape & heritage?
- in the heritage choices & decisions?
*Whose norms <-> consequences?
- e.g. GIS (Geographic Information System): the professional norm
=> too complex, expensive and time-consuming for volunteers
-generally: can volunteers contribute what and how they want and need?
=> What’s done (or not) : for the benefit of who and what?
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION

36. The Dutch version also says why:
“so as to enable anyone using, for instance, Wikipedia, to get a good overview of the
magnificent cultural heritage of the Netherlands”
Example (1) - E.g. English « Wiki Loves Monuments
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION – Example 1

37. Actual contribution of ‘Wiki Loves Monuments’ :
-Applying to the State Service’s need for pictures of Rijksmonumenten
-And, of course, for planning, recreation & tourism, public awareness, etc.
But:
-Image building of cultural heritage
=> Rijksmonumenten = ‘the’ = all cultural heritage of the Netherlands?!
-Pictures are (just) ‘visual experiences’ : ‘harmless participation’
=> free help for the State Service
=> but just a ‘feel good’ experience for the volunteers?
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION – Example 1

38. - Started as a regional initiative by
- the regional Historical Society De Motte
- the regional NGO for Landscape Protection (NLGO)
- support and money from the Regional Authories (ISGO, Waterboard)
- Realisation with help from Landschapsbeheer Zuid-Holland (LBZH
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION – Example 2
CH Landscape Inventory Goeree + (2005-2006)
Rotterdam
The
Hague Utrecht
Amsterdam
Goeree-
Overflakkee

39. CH Landscape Inventory Goeree (South-Holland)
2006 – Digital results in website LBZH
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION – Example 2
Built elements
Military elements
Water management elements
Landscape elements

40. 2010 - The Inventory in KICH : the national GIS on heritage
In this KICH view,
460 objects in total
on heritage & CH:
-National
-Provincial
-Municipal
+ Regional Inventory
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION– Example 2
CH Landscape Inventory Goeree

41. CH Landscape Inventory Goeree
In ‘Metadata’
-‘Regionals’ are mentioned generally
-LBZH + coordinator specifically
-Copyrights & intellectual property rights
with LBZH
“Described by LBZH”? => incorrect!
=> Bigger & more official role of LBZH!
=> What about the role of the ‘Regionals’?
Sophie Visser - DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS AND LANDSCAPE HERITAGE INFORMATION– Example 2
LBZH and/or the ‘Regionals’ in KICH

42. Part 5
THE BIGGER PICTURE
POSITIONING THE CASES,
THE CONSEQUENCES
AND REQUIREMENTS
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

43. DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA
Involvements in CH Inventory Goeree:
-High on ‘heritage choices’
-Very high on ‘user generated content’
-Lessened on ’information implementation’
Involvements in Wiki Loves Monuments:
-None in ‘heritage choices’
-Low on ‘user generated content’ (just ‘visual’)
-None/Low on ’information implementation’
Involvements in 3D Archeology pilot:
- Low in ‘heritage choices’
- High on ‘user generated content’
- None on ’information implementation’

44. DISH 2011– december 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA
time
Production cycle of heritage information product

45. ISSUES
tension between
packages that are policy driven, top down
expectations of volunteers (bottom up)
different value systems used by volunteers
in comparison to the policy driven values
organisation of platforms to share best practices
role of professional heritage organisations, mediating between
official tools and need of volunteers
search for selfsustaining structure of volunteers
(when professional heritage organisations finish support)
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

46. Questions on Issues 1 – 2
Issue 1:
Should the experts & institutions (as they have the money, etc. ) and
their needs be leading in choices on packages, or the benefits for
everybody involved?
Issue 2:
Should (expert’s/official’s) information systems, websites, etc. be
adapted to imply different and/or deviating heritage values from
volunteers (and other involved people)?
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

47. Questions on Issues 3 – 4
Issue 3:
Which platforms can be inspiring for volunteers to share
experiences?
Issue 4:
Should professional organisations do more to accommodate
to the needs of volunteers for tools and practical support?
Issue 5:
If professional organisations limit or end support, how can
volunteers build stepping stones to a self-sustaining
structure / self-organisation ?
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA

48. CONTACT
Sophie Visser
j.s.visser@planet.nl
Willemke Landman
w.landman@landschaperfgoedutrecht.nl
DISH 2011– December 8, 2011- Session Local Initiatives
VOLUNTEERS:
THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR THE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARENA