11. Geothermal Energy
is a type of renewable energy
taken from the Earth’s core. It
comes from heat generated
during the original formation
of the planet and the
radioactive decay of materials.
This thermal energy is stored
in rocks and fluids in the
center of the earth.
12. There are two Geothermal system:
1. Conventional
Geothermal system
– Utilizes steam from
natural resources and
operate using water
as the heat transfer
fluid
13. 2. Supercritical Geothermal
system – are very high
temperature geothermal
systems that are located at
depths near or below the
brittle ductile transition
zone in the crust where the
reservoir fluid is assumed to
be in the supercritical
state. Steams flows heated
by magma and circulating
through permeable rock.
15. Geothermal Heat pumps
When ambient temperatures are colder than the
ground, a geothermal heat pump removes heat
from the collector's fluids, concentrates it, and
transfers it to the building. When ambient
temperatures are warmer than the ground, the
heat pump removes heat from the building and
deposits it underground.
16. Closed loop geothermal Heat pumps
continuously circulates a heat
transfer solution through buried
or submerged plastic pipes. The
loop is filled just once and
requires only a moderate
amount of solution. The same
solution is used again and again
in a closed loop
17. Open loop geothermal Heat pumps
clean ground water directly
from a nearby aquifer to an
indoor geothermal heat pump.
After the water leaves the
home, it’s expelled back
through a discharge well a local
pond or approved drainage
ditch, depending on local
codes.
18. Geothermal Power
plant
the heat from deep inside the Earth is used to
produce steam to generate electricity. In
comparison with geothermal heat pumps, it uses
the heat coming from close to the Earth’s surface
to heat water or provide heat for buildings.
19. Dry steam plants
-Steam plant uses
hydrothermal fluids that
that are primarily
steam. The steam from
the Earth directly goes
to a turbine and drives
it.
20. Flash cycle steam
plants
-Hydrothermal fluids
above 360 F (182C) can be
be used in flash plants to
make electricity. Fluid is
sprayed in to a tank held at
at a lower pressure than
the fluid, causing some of
of the fluid to rapidly
vaporize or flash.
21. Binary-cycle power
plants
-Most of the geothermal areas
contain moderate temperature
water usually below 400F. When
When the hot geothermal fluid
and a secondary fluid having
much lower boiling point than
water pass through a heat
exchanger, heat from the
geothermal fluid causes the
secondary fluid to flash to vapor
vapor which then drives the
turbine.
22. What are difference between Conventional and
Supercritical Geothermal system?
23. What are the similarities and differences
between heat pumps and geothermal
power plants?
27. Since Philippines is known situated in the “_________
_____ _ ____” making it vulnerable to frequent
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
1. What will happen if Filipinos will fully utilize the
Geothermal energy from the volcanoes in the
Philippines?
29. Instruction: Arrange the step-by-step process of converting geothermal energy
to electrical energy. Choose your answers below and write the corresponding
letter to the numbered boxes, write your answer on a piece of paper.
30. A. The steam cools off in a cooling tower and condenses
back to water.
B. When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is
dropped, which causes the water to turn into steam.
C. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to
begin the process again.
D. Hot water is pumped from deep underground through a
well high pressure.
E. The steam spins the turbine, which is connected to the
generator that produces electricity.
