The document outlines the definition and importance of vital signs, including heartbeat, respiration rate, temperature, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation, as critical indicators of health. It provides guidelines for measuring these signs, including normal ranges for body temperature, pulse rate, and blood pressure classifications. The information is essential for detecting and monitoring medical issues and can be measured in various settings.

1. By: MYKA JEAN ANUNG-ESTREMOS, R.N

3. DEFINITION:
Vital signs reflect essential body functions including:
Heartbeat/Pulse rate
breathing rate (respiration)
Temperature
blood pressure
Oxygen saturation
Vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical
problems. It can be measured in a medical setting, at home,
at the site of a medical emergency or elsewhere.

5. Vital Signs Equipment:
• Stethoscopes
• Blood Pressure Devices (blood pressure cuff with
sphygmomanometer)
• Thermometer
• Pulse Oximetry
• Penlights
• Watch
• Disinfectants and gloves

8. 90
90
20
94
36.5 to 37.5 degree
Celsius

9. WHAT IS BODY TEMPERATURE?
- THE balance between the HEAT produced and HEAT lost
in the body.
- The NORMAL body temperature of a person varied
depending on gender, recent activity, food and fluid
consumption, time of day, and in women the stage of
menstrual cycle.
- NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE CAN RANGE FROM 97.8
DEGREES FAHRENHEIT (36.5-37 DEGREES CELSIUS) TO
99 DEGREES F (37.5 DEGREES C) for a healthy adult.

13. ABNORMAL TEMPERATURE:
HYPERTHERMIA (> 37.5 degrees Celsius)
LOW GRADE:37.5-38 degrees Celsius
MODERATE to HIGH GRADE:38.1-40 Degrees Celsius
HIGH: >40.1 Degrees Celsius and above
HYPOTHERMIA < 35 DEGREES CELSIUS
MILD: 32 – 35 DEGREES CELSIUS
MODERATE: 28-32 DEGREES CELSIUS
SEVERE: <28 DEGREES CELSIUS

16. TAKING A PULSE not only measures the
HEART RATE but also can indicate the
FOLLOWING:
-HEART RHYTHM
-STRENGHT OF THE PULSE
-THE NORMAL PULSE OF A HEALTH
ADULTS RANGES FROM 60-1– BEATS PER
MINUTE.

17. SITES OF PULSE CHECK:

18. HOW TO CHECK YOUR PULSE?
• Using the first and second fingertips, press firmly but gently
on the arteries until you feel a pulse.
• Begin counting the pulse when the clock’s second hand is on
the 12.
• Count your pulse for 60 seconds or 1 full minute.
• When counting do not watch the clock continuously, but
concentrate on the beats of the pulse.
• If unsure about your results, ask another person to count
for you.

19. PULSE OXYMETER

21. WHAT IS RESPIRATION RATE?
•The RESPIRATION RATE is the number of
breaths a person takes per minute.
•The rate is usually measured when a person is at
rest and simply involves counting the number of
breaths for one minute by counting how many
times the chest rises.

24. STETHOSCOPE PARTS

29. BLOOD PRESSURE is CATEGORIZED as
NORMAL, ELEVATED or STAGE 1 or 2 HIGH
BLOOD PRESSURE
• NORMAL – blood pressure is systolic of less than 120 and diastolic of
less than 80 (120/80)
• ELEVATED – blood pressure is systolic of 120 to 129 and diastolkic less
than 80.
• STAGE 1 – high blood pressure is systolic is 130 to 139 or diastolic
between 80-89.
• STAGE 2 – high blood pressure is when systolic is 140 or higher or the
diastolic is 90 or higher.