Virtualization is a process that uses software to create virtual versions of computer hardware resources like processors, memory, and storage. This allows a single physical machine to run multiple virtual machines, with each VM running its own operating system like an independent computer. Key benefits of virtualization include more efficient hardware utilization, reduced costs, and easier management of infrastructure. There are various types of virtualization including desktop, network, storage, application, and more. A hypervisor is software that creates and runs virtual machines, allowing a host computer to share its resources among multiple guest VMs.

1. Virtualization

2. Virtualization is a process that allows for more efficient utilization of
physical computer hardware and is the foundation of cloud computing.
Virtualization uses software to create an abstraction layer over computer
hardware that allows the hardware elements of a single computer
(processors, memory, storage and more) to be divided into multiple virtual
computers, commonly called virtual machine.
Each VM runs its own operating system (OS) and behaves like an
independent computer, even though it is running on just a portion of the
actual underlying computer hardware.
virtualization enables more efficient utilization of physical computer
hardware and allows a greater return on an organization’s hardware
investment.

3. Need of virtualization
 reduced cost
 ease of management
 fast deployment
 reduce infrastructure cost

4. Types of virtualization
 Desktop virtualization
 Network virtualization
 Storage virtualization
 Data virtualization
 Application virtualization
 Data center virtualization
 CPU virtualization
 GPU virtualization
 Linux virtualization
 Cloud virtualization
 Desktop virtualization

5. Desktop virtualization
Desktop virtualization lets you run multiple desktop operating systems, each in its
own VM on the same computer.
There are two types of desktop virtualization:
1. Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) runs multiple desktops in VMs on a central
server and streams them to users who log in on thin client devices.
2. Local desktop virtualization
Network virtualization
Network virtualization uses software to create a “view” of the network that an
administrator can use to manage the network from a single console. It abstracts
hardware elements and functions (e.g., connections, switches, routers, etc.) and
abstracts them into software running on a hypervisor. The network
administrator can modify and control these elements without touching the
underlying physical components which dramatically simplifies network
management.

6. Storage virtualization
Storage virtualization enables all the storage devices on the network—
whether they’re installed on individual servers or standalone storage units—to
be accessed and managed as a single storage device.
Data virtualization
Modern enterprises store data from multiple applications, using multiple file
formats, in multiple locations, ranging from the cloud to on-premise hardware
and software systems. Data virtualization lets any application access all of that
data—irrespective of source, format, or location.

7. What is a virtual machine?
A Virtual Machine (VM) is a computer resource that uses software instead of a
physical computer to run programs and deploy apps. One or
more virtual “guest” machines run on a physical “host” machine. Each virtual
machine runs its own operating system and functions
separately from the other VMs, even when they are all running on the
same host. This means that, for example, a virtual MacOS virtual machine can
run on a physical PC.
Virtual machine technology is used for many use cases across on-premises and
cloud environments.
Virtual machines (VMs) allow a business to run an operating system that
behaves like a completely separate computer in an app window
on a desktop. VMs may be deployed to accommodate different levels
of processing power needs, to run software that requires a different operating
system, or to test applications in a safe, sandboxed environment.

8. What is a hypervisor?
A hypervisor, also known as a virtual machine monitor or VMM, is software that
creates and runs virtual machines (VMs). A hypervisor allows one host computer to
support multiple guest VMs by virtually sharing its resources, such as memory and
processing.
TYPE-1 Hypervisor:
The hypervisor runs directly on the underlying host system. It is also known as a
“Native Hypervisor” or “Bare metal hypervisor”. It does not require any base server
operating system. It has direct access to hardware resources.
TYPE-2 Hypervisor:
A Host operating system runs on the underlying host system. It is also known as
‘Hosted Hypervisor”. Such kind of hypervisors doesn’t run directly over the
underlying hardware rather they run as an application in a Host system(physical
machine)

10. VMware Infrastructure Architecture
VMware® Infrastructure is the industry’s first full infrastructure virtualization suite
that allows enterprises and small businesses alike to transform, manage and optimize
their IT systems infrastructure through virtualization. VMware Infrastructure delivers
comprehensive virtualization, management, resource optimization, application
availability and operational automation capabilities in an integrated offering

11. VMware Infrastructure includes the following components as shown in Figure 1-1:
• VMware ESX Server – A production-proven virtualization layer run on physical servers
that abstract processor, memory, storage and networking resources to be provisioned to
multiple virtual machines
• VMware Virtual Machine File System (VMFS) – A high-performance cluster file system
for virtual machines
• VMware Virtual Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP) – Enables a single virtual machine
to use multiple physical processors simultaneously
• VirtualCenter Management Server – The central point for configuring, provisioning and
managing virtualized IT infrastructure
• Virtual Infrastructure Client (VI Client) – An interface that allows administrators and
users to connect remotely to theVirtualCenter Management Server or individual ESX
Server installations from any Windows PC
• Virtual Infrastructure Web Access – A Web interface for virtual machine management
and remote consoles access
• VMware VMotion™ – Enables the live migration of running virtual machines from one
physical server to another with zero downtime, continuous service availability and
complete transaction integrity
• VMware High Availability (HA) – Provides easy-to-use, costeffective high availability for
applications running in virtual machines. In the event of server failure, affected virtual
machines are automatically restarted on other production servers that have spare
capacity

12. • VMware Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) – Intelligently allocates and balances
computing capacity dynamically across collections of hardware resources for virtual
machines
• VMware Consolidated Backup – Provides an easy to use, centralized facility for agent-
free backup of virtual machines. It simplifies backup administration and reduces the
load on ESX Server installations
• VMware Infrastructure SDK – Provides a standard interface for VMware and third-
party solutions to access VMware