Ομιλία – Παρουσίαση: Αχιλλέας Γραβάνης, Καθηγητής Φαρμακολογίας, Ιατρική Σχολή Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης, Ερευνητής, Ινστιτούτο Μοριακής Βιολογίας & Βιοτεχνολογίας του ΙΤΕ
The document provides updates on infectious diseases from Clostridium difficile infection to new vaccines and antimicrobial agents. It discusses the increasing severity and prevalence of C. difficile, new diagnostic tests and treatment options including fidaxomicin and stool transplants. New antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections like daptomycin, linezolid and ceftaroline are mentioned. Vaccine recommendations are updated for herpes zoster, pertussis and pneumococcus.
This document summarizes updates in infectious diseases from Clostridium difficile infection to new vaccines and antimicrobial agents. It discusses the increasing rates and severity of C. difficile, new diagnostic tests and treatment options including fidaxomicin and stool transplants. New antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections like daptomycin, linezolid and ceftaroline are mentioned. Brief updates are provided on FDA advisories, vaccines for herpes, shingles, pertussis, pneumococcus and influenza. Recommendations for latent tuberculosis treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV are also summarized.
- COVID-19 booster shots are recommended for various groups when vaccine-induced immunity has waned, typically 3-6 months after the primary vaccination series. Effectiveness against infection declines more rapidly than against severe outcomes like hospitalization and death.
- Studies show a third dose of mRNA vaccines like Pfizer significantly increases antibody levels in transplant recipients and the immunocompromised whose immune response is weaker.
- Countries providing data found waning vaccine protection against infection over time but sustained effectiveness against severe disease, supporting the need for boosters in vulnerable populations.
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Low Lee Lee, Infectious Disease Physician at the Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
What the new hepatitis C protease inhibitors Incivek and Victrelis mean for people coinfected with HIV & HCV and for health departments. Presented at the NASTAD annual meeting 5/23/11.
COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients Dr. Nabil El-HadiNabil El-Hady
This document provides information about COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients by answering common questions. It discusses that cancer patients are eligible for COVID-19 vaccines as long as they have no contraindications. While vaccines have not been tested in cancer patients, post-authorization studies are planned. The document recommends vaccination timing and managing expected side effects. It also reviews guidelines on vaccination for different cancer types and treatments.
Presentation by Daniel Raymond, the Harm Reduction Coalition's Policy Director, to the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis Infections on March 3, 2009.
Ομιλία – Παρουσίαση: Αχιλλέας Γραβάνης, Καθηγητής Φαρμακολογίας, Ιατρική Σχολή Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης, Ερευνητής, Ινστιτούτο Μοριακής Βιολογίας & Βιοτεχνολογίας του ΙΤΕ
The document provides updates on infectious diseases from Clostridium difficile infection to new vaccines and antimicrobial agents. It discusses the increasing severity and prevalence of C. difficile, new diagnostic tests and treatment options including fidaxomicin and stool transplants. New antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections like daptomycin, linezolid and ceftaroline are mentioned. Vaccine recommendations are updated for herpes zoster, pertussis and pneumococcus.
This document summarizes updates in infectious diseases from Clostridium difficile infection to new vaccines and antimicrobial agents. It discusses the increasing rates and severity of C. difficile, new diagnostic tests and treatment options including fidaxomicin and stool transplants. New antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections like daptomycin, linezolid and ceftaroline are mentioned. Brief updates are provided on FDA advisories, vaccines for herpes, shingles, pertussis, pneumococcus and influenza. Recommendations for latent tuberculosis treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV are also summarized.
- COVID-19 booster shots are recommended for various groups when vaccine-induced immunity has waned, typically 3-6 months after the primary vaccination series. Effectiveness against infection declines more rapidly than against severe outcomes like hospitalization and death.
- Studies show a third dose of mRNA vaccines like Pfizer significantly increases antibody levels in transplant recipients and the immunocompromised whose immune response is weaker.
- Countries providing data found waning vaccine protection against infection over time but sustained effectiveness against severe disease, supporting the need for boosters in vulnerable populations.
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Low Lee Lee, Infectious Disease Physician at the Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
What the new hepatitis C protease inhibitors Incivek and Victrelis mean for people coinfected with HIV & HCV and for health departments. Presented at the NASTAD annual meeting 5/23/11.
COVID-19 vaccines in cancer patients Dr. Nabil El-HadiNabil El-Hady
This document provides information about COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients by answering common questions. It discusses that cancer patients are eligible for COVID-19 vaccines as long as they have no contraindications. While vaccines have not been tested in cancer patients, post-authorization studies are planned. The document recommends vaccination timing and managing expected side effects. It also reviews guidelines on vaccination for different cancer types and treatments.
Presentation by Daniel Raymond, the Harm Reduction Coalition's Policy Director, to the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis Infections on March 3, 2009.
This document provides information about a continuing education event on COVID-19 vaccination strategies for youth. It begins by outlining the accreditation of the event for various healthcare professionals. The event will feature a COVID-19 update, discussions on vaccinating children ages 12-15 and considerations for co-administering other vaccines. Presenters will include an infectious disease specialist, public school superintendent, health center representatives. Attendees can complete a survey to request continuing education credits for viewing the event live or recorded.
Update on COVID-19 Innovation: Detection and VaccineRohimah Mohamud
briefly mentioned about the research activities by my research group at Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, USM which focusing on both fundamental and applied research. As the theme of this conference is more to ASEAN SDG, I highlighted on the challenges and issues facing by ASEAN as reported in ASEAN SDG Indicators Baseline Report 2020 (only briefly- especially on the data compilation etc - you may refer to this report). Then, I moved on to the diagnosis and vaccine development for COVID-19.
There are a total of 237 vaccine candidates, according to Milken institute COVID-19 treatment and vaccine tracker, as of December 1, 2020. There are 40 confirmed vaccine candidates in clinical evaluation, while 197 vaccine candidates are still in the preclinical stage. There are 9 vaccine candidates in Phase III of clinical evaluation. Studies in clinical trials showed that the vaccine candidates showed good safety and efficacy in terms of producing antibodies and prevent infection.
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that can cause both acute and chronic liver disease. It is estimated that 257 million people are living with hepatitis B, and in 2015 it resulted in 887,000 deaths mostly due to liver complications. Hepatitis B can be transmitted through bodily fluids, from mother to child during birth, sexually, or through blood or blood products. Prevention methods include screening blood donors, immunizing high risk groups with the hepatitis B vaccine through both active and passive immunization, and creating awareness about transmission. Treatment focuses on slowing liver disease progression and reducing cancer risk through antiviral medication. The global strategy aims to eliminate hepatitis B as a public health threat by increasing immunization and treatment rates.
This document discusses strategies for addressing vaccine hesitancy. It begins by defining vaccine hesitancy and outlining the key factors that influence it: confidence, complacency, and convenience. It then discusses how these factors have impacted vaccination rates, particularly among minority groups and those with lower socioeconomic status. The document reviews strategies that have been found to effectively build confidence in vaccines, such as strong recommendations from trusted healthcare providers, community partner promotion, and presenting information through stories and personal examples rather than statistics. It concludes by providing tips for discussing vaccines with hesitant patients, including acknowledging concerns, being knowledgeable, educating on vaccine testing, and emphasizing the recommendation.
Stephen Rawlings, MD, PhD
Clinical Fellow
Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Rizah Mazzuin Razali, the head of Geriatric Unit and Internal Medicine Physician working in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
The UK has effectively monitored the safety, efficacy, and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines using its robust healthcare data systems. Clinical trial results showed the Pfizer vaccine was over 95% effective. Primary healthcare medical records and linked hospital, mortality, vaccination, and testing records allow researchers to track vaccine outcomes at scale. While vaccines are effective, concerns over side effects and lack of long-term data can increase hesitancy. Improving access for minority groups and continuing safety monitoring will help boost confidence in COVID-19 vaccines.
This document summarizes several clinical studies investigating potential COVID-19 treatments remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and ivermectin. For remdesivir, Phase 3 trials showed treatment for up to 10 days was well tolerated and improved clinical outcomes. An observational study of hydroxychloroquine found no significant benefit for hospitalized patients. A large observational study across six continents found increased mortality and arrhythmias associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, with or without macrolides.
Hepatitis B & C - the Basics for Primary CareJarrod Lee
This presentation covers the basics in Hepatitis B & C, and is aimed at primary care physicians who may encounter such patients. It focuses mainly on the natural history, how to diagnose and monitor the disease, and when to refer to a specialist.
Maile Young Karris, MD
Associate Professor
Co-Director San Diego Center for AIDS Research Clinical Investigations Core
Divisions of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health and Geriatrics & Gerontology
Department of Medicine
University of California San Diego
This document summarizes key information from an HIV & Global Health Rounds presentation on updates from the 2020 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2020). The presentation covered the global HIV epidemic, contraception and prevention, treatment as prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and HIV vaccines. Highlights included findings from the ECHO contraceptive study showing no increased HIV risk from various contraceptives, modest reductions in HIV incidence from universal test and treat trials, long-term efficacy and safety data from the DISCOVER PrEP trial, and the failure of the HVTN 702 vaccine trial to show efficacy.
1. Cancer patients can take the COVID-19 vaccine, but timing may depend on their treatment. Patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation should receive the vaccine at least 2 weeks before starting or between treatments when white blood cell counts are normal.
2. Patients who have undergone bone marrow transplants or are undergoing treatment for leukemia should wait 3 months after treatment before being vaccinated.
3. Common side effects may include fever and pain at the injection site, which can be treated with paracetamol. Patients should continue wearing masks and maintaining safety measures even after vaccination.
Potential advantages of booster containing PCV regimen - Professor Shabir MadhiWAidid
This slideset, realized by Professor Shabir Madhi on the occasion of the 11th ISPPD held in Melbourne last April, evaluates the potential advantages of booster containing PCV dosing schedule.
To learn more, visit www.waidid.org!
Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines under the most intense safety monitoring in US history. VITAS Healthcare offer an educational presentation for our partner organizations to use for their own in-house or staff training.
This document provides information about COVID-19 vaccines, including their development process and types. It discusses the phases of clinical drug trials, with Phase 1 trials testing safety in a small group and Phase 3 trials comparing the new vaccine to the standard treatment in thousands of participants. The document also outlines regulatory bodies involved in vaccine development and describes two main types - mRNA vaccines, which introduce mRNA coding for the antigen, and viral vector vaccines, which use another virus to produce the spike protein antigen.
Effect of vancomycin serum trough levels on outcomes in patients with nosocom...Victoria Jian
This document summarizes a retrospective analysis of two phase III clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of telavancin versus vancomycin for treating gram-positive nosocomial pneumonia. The analysis grouped 98 patients receiving vancomycin by trough levels - <10 mcg/mL, 10-15 mcg/mL, and ≥15 mcg/mL. It found no differences in clinical cure between groups, but higher vancomycin trough levels were associated with more renal adverse events. The study had limitations as trough levels were not a randomized assignment and sample sizes were small. Larger prospective studies are needed to further evaluate vancomycin dosing recommendations.
HIV can be prevented through safe sex practices and avoiding risky behaviors. Using condoms correctly every time one has sex can prevent transmission of HIV. Getting tested regularly and knowing one's HIV status is also important to prevent spreading the virus to others.
This document discusses HIV and AIDS treatment. It explains that antiretroviral (ARV) medications are used to treat HIV and AIDS but must be taken lifelong. Doctors determine the appropriate time to start ARVs and which medications each patient should take. Patients must take their ARVs as prescribed to avoid drug resistance and disease progression. The document provides examples of treatment cards used to track ARV dosages and schedules. It emphasizes the importance of lifelong adherence to the medication regimen.
El documento resume las nociones fundamentales sobre el VIH y el SIDA. Explica que el SIDA es causado por el virus VIH y destruye el sistema inmunológico. Detalla cómo se transmite principalmente a través de relaciones sexuales sin protección, transfusiones de sangre y de madre a hijo, y cómo prevenirlo usando condones, no compartiendo agujas y evitando el contacto con sangre infectada. Además, cubre los costos económicos para el estado paraguayo y las personas con SIDA, y los aspectos legales relacionados
This document provides information about a continuing education event on COVID-19 vaccination strategies for youth. It begins by outlining the accreditation of the event for various healthcare professionals. The event will feature a COVID-19 update, discussions on vaccinating children ages 12-15 and considerations for co-administering other vaccines. Presenters will include an infectious disease specialist, public school superintendent, health center representatives. Attendees can complete a survey to request continuing education credits for viewing the event live or recorded.
Update on COVID-19 Innovation: Detection and VaccineRohimah Mohamud
briefly mentioned about the research activities by my research group at Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, USM which focusing on both fundamental and applied research. As the theme of this conference is more to ASEAN SDG, I highlighted on the challenges and issues facing by ASEAN as reported in ASEAN SDG Indicators Baseline Report 2020 (only briefly- especially on the data compilation etc - you may refer to this report). Then, I moved on to the diagnosis and vaccine development for COVID-19.
There are a total of 237 vaccine candidates, according to Milken institute COVID-19 treatment and vaccine tracker, as of December 1, 2020. There are 40 confirmed vaccine candidates in clinical evaluation, while 197 vaccine candidates are still in the preclinical stage. There are 9 vaccine candidates in Phase III of clinical evaluation. Studies in clinical trials showed that the vaccine candidates showed good safety and efficacy in terms of producing antibodies and prevent infection.
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that can cause both acute and chronic liver disease. It is estimated that 257 million people are living with hepatitis B, and in 2015 it resulted in 887,000 deaths mostly due to liver complications. Hepatitis B can be transmitted through bodily fluids, from mother to child during birth, sexually, or through blood or blood products. Prevention methods include screening blood donors, immunizing high risk groups with the hepatitis B vaccine through both active and passive immunization, and creating awareness about transmission. Treatment focuses on slowing liver disease progression and reducing cancer risk through antiviral medication. The global strategy aims to eliminate hepatitis B as a public health threat by increasing immunization and treatment rates.
This document discusses strategies for addressing vaccine hesitancy. It begins by defining vaccine hesitancy and outlining the key factors that influence it: confidence, complacency, and convenience. It then discusses how these factors have impacted vaccination rates, particularly among minority groups and those with lower socioeconomic status. The document reviews strategies that have been found to effectively build confidence in vaccines, such as strong recommendations from trusted healthcare providers, community partner promotion, and presenting information through stories and personal examples rather than statistics. It concludes by providing tips for discussing vaccines with hesitant patients, including acknowledging concerns, being knowledgeable, educating on vaccine testing, and emphasizing the recommendation.
Stephen Rawlings, MD, PhD
Clinical Fellow
Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
Webinar Series on COVID-19 vaccine: Jointly organized by Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Diseases (MyICID) & Institute for Clinical Research (ICR), NIH
Speaker: Dr. Rizah Mazzuin Razali, the head of Geriatric Unit and Internal Medicine Physician working in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia.
The UK has effectively monitored the safety, efficacy, and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines using its robust healthcare data systems. Clinical trial results showed the Pfizer vaccine was over 95% effective. Primary healthcare medical records and linked hospital, mortality, vaccination, and testing records allow researchers to track vaccine outcomes at scale. While vaccines are effective, concerns over side effects and lack of long-term data can increase hesitancy. Improving access for minority groups and continuing safety monitoring will help boost confidence in COVID-19 vaccines.
This document summarizes several clinical studies investigating potential COVID-19 treatments remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and ivermectin. For remdesivir, Phase 3 trials showed treatment for up to 10 days was well tolerated and improved clinical outcomes. An observational study of hydroxychloroquine found no significant benefit for hospitalized patients. A large observational study across six continents found increased mortality and arrhythmias associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, with or without macrolides.
Hepatitis B & C - the Basics for Primary CareJarrod Lee
This presentation covers the basics in Hepatitis B & C, and is aimed at primary care physicians who may encounter such patients. It focuses mainly on the natural history, how to diagnose and monitor the disease, and when to refer to a specialist.
Maile Young Karris, MD
Associate Professor
Co-Director San Diego Center for AIDS Research Clinical Investigations Core
Divisions of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health and Geriatrics & Gerontology
Department of Medicine
University of California San Diego
This document summarizes key information from an HIV & Global Health Rounds presentation on updates from the 2020 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2020). The presentation covered the global HIV epidemic, contraception and prevention, treatment as prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and HIV vaccines. Highlights included findings from the ECHO contraceptive study showing no increased HIV risk from various contraceptives, modest reductions in HIV incidence from universal test and treat trials, long-term efficacy and safety data from the DISCOVER PrEP trial, and the failure of the HVTN 702 vaccine trial to show efficacy.
1. Cancer patients can take the COVID-19 vaccine, but timing may depend on their treatment. Patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation should receive the vaccine at least 2 weeks before starting or between treatments when white blood cell counts are normal.
2. Patients who have undergone bone marrow transplants or are undergoing treatment for leukemia should wait 3 months after treatment before being vaccinated.
3. Common side effects may include fever and pain at the injection site, which can be treated with paracetamol. Patients should continue wearing masks and maintaining safety measures even after vaccination.
Potential advantages of booster containing PCV regimen - Professor Shabir MadhiWAidid
This slideset, realized by Professor Shabir Madhi on the occasion of the 11th ISPPD held in Melbourne last April, evaluates the potential advantages of booster containing PCV dosing schedule.
To learn more, visit www.waidid.org!
Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines under the most intense safety monitoring in US history. VITAS Healthcare offer an educational presentation for our partner organizations to use for their own in-house or staff training.
This document provides information about COVID-19 vaccines, including their development process and types. It discusses the phases of clinical drug trials, with Phase 1 trials testing safety in a small group and Phase 3 trials comparing the new vaccine to the standard treatment in thousands of participants. The document also outlines regulatory bodies involved in vaccine development and describes two main types - mRNA vaccines, which introduce mRNA coding for the antigen, and viral vector vaccines, which use another virus to produce the spike protein antigen.
Effect of vancomycin serum trough levels on outcomes in patients with nosocom...Victoria Jian
This document summarizes a retrospective analysis of two phase III clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of telavancin versus vancomycin for treating gram-positive nosocomial pneumonia. The analysis grouped 98 patients receiving vancomycin by trough levels - <10 mcg/mL, 10-15 mcg/mL, and ≥15 mcg/mL. It found no differences in clinical cure between groups, but higher vancomycin trough levels were associated with more renal adverse events. The study had limitations as trough levels were not a randomized assignment and sample sizes were small. Larger prospective studies are needed to further evaluate vancomycin dosing recommendations.
HIV can be prevented through safe sex practices and avoiding risky behaviors. Using condoms correctly every time one has sex can prevent transmission of HIV. Getting tested regularly and knowing one's HIV status is also important to prevent spreading the virus to others.
This document discusses HIV and AIDS treatment. It explains that antiretroviral (ARV) medications are used to treat HIV and AIDS but must be taken lifelong. Doctors determine the appropriate time to start ARVs and which medications each patient should take. Patients must take their ARVs as prescribed to avoid drug resistance and disease progression. The document provides examples of treatment cards used to track ARV dosages and schedules. It emphasizes the importance of lifelong adherence to the medication regimen.
El documento resume las nociones fundamentales sobre el VIH y el SIDA. Explica que el SIDA es causado por el virus VIH y destruye el sistema inmunológico. Detalla cómo se transmite principalmente a través de relaciones sexuales sin protección, transfusiones de sangre y de madre a hijo, y cómo prevenirlo usando condones, no compartiendo agujas y evitando el contacto con sangre infectada. Además, cubre los costos económicos para el estado paraguayo y las personas con SIDA, y los aspectos legales relacionados
The first behavioral interventions designed to stem the spread of HIV were tested over 25 years ago, within just a few years of the first reported cases of AIDS. Interventions grounded in sound theories of behavior change have since been demonstrated effective at reducing high-risk injection and sexual practices in nearly every population with known risks for HIV/AIDS. Yet the epidemic continues thus it has forced everybody to think of a practicable behavioral interventions.
The document discusses HIV treatment goals, interventions, and guidelines. The goals are to prevent immune system deterioration, decrease coinfections, and ultimately decrease mortality rates. Primary care involves screening for other illnesses and monitoring viral loads and CD4 counts. Studies show mortality rates decreased from 7% to 1.3% from 1996 to 2004 due to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Guidelines recommend initiating ART when CD4 is below 500 or in special cases like coinfection or pregnancy. Future hopes include monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy, and stem cell transplants to provide resistance.
HIV AIDS & PREVENTION PROGRAMS , BY BR. SARATH THOMAS, sarathcthomas@gmail.comSarath Thomas
The document discusses HIV/AIDS in India, providing statistics on infections and deaths. Approximately 172,000 people died of AIDS in India in 2009, with 2.4 million estimated to be living with HIV. Most infections are among adults aged 15-49. Key factors contributing to the spread include labor migration and low education levels. States with over 100,000 infections include West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. The National AIDS Control Program and organizations like NACO and KSACS implement prevention and treatment programs, including targeted interventions, condom promotion, counseling, care for at-risk groups, and prevention of parent-to-child transmission.
A presentation from the 2008 HIV Health and Treatments Update forum held in Sydney on 25 Nov 2008.
Part 1: an overview of HIV in 2008 and treatment trends, presented by Bill Whittaker.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. It notes that regular exercise can reduce the risk of diseases like heart disease and diabetes, improve mood, and reduce feelings of stress and anxiety. The document recommends that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week to gain these benefits.
Современное лечение ВИЧ: новые парадигмы в АРТ / Contemporary Management of H...hivlifeinfo
Набор слайдов c рассмотрением важных вопросов об АРТ первого ряда, арв-препаратами пролонгированного действия и схемами АРТ с двумя препаратами, акцент в публикации на роль новых стратегий.
Современное лечение ВИЧ: новые подходы к оптимизации АРТ/Contemporary Managem...hivlifeinfo
Вопросы, связанные с АРТ первого ряда, смена арв-стратегии для пациентов с вирусной супрессией, акцентом на возрастающую роль новыхантиретровирусных стратегий.
Triple combination of
interferon beta-1b, lopinavir – ritonavir, and ribavirin
in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19:
an open-label, randomized, phase 2 trial
1) The patient presented with symptoms consistent with primary HIV infection including fever, rash, oral ulcers and lymphadenopathy. Testing confirmed HIV infection during the acute phase.
2) Treating primary HIV infection may lower viral setpoint and preserve immune function, reducing disease progression rates. However, the benefits are not proven and treatment can cause toxicities or resistance.
3) The patient was referred to a study evaluating immediate treatment versus deferred treatment during acute infection to help address unresolved issues around managing primary HIV.
HAART, or highly active antiretroviral therapy, involves using a combination of antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV. The goals of ART include increased survival, improved quality of life, reduction of viral load, immune reconstitution, and limiting drug toxicity while maintaining treatment options and adherence. Commonly used drug classes include NRTIs, NNRTIs, integrase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors. Treatment involves monitoring viral load, CD4 count, adverse effects, and potential treatment failure or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Guidelines provide recommendations on treatment initiation and first, second, and third-line regimens for both adults and children.
Dr. Pradeep Katwal presented on adult immunization. He discussed how vaccines have led to the eradication of smallpox and near eradication of diseases like diphtheria. He reviewed the immunological basis of vaccines and highlighted various vaccines recommended for adults including influenza, pneumococcal, hepatitis A/B, HPV and herpes zoster vaccines. Adult immunization is important to reduce the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases and protect high risk groups.
Risk Factors for Short Term Virologic Outcomes Among HIV Infected Patients Un...HMO Research Network
This study investigated risk factors for virologic outcomes among HIV patients who switched combination antiretroviral therapy regimens. The study found that about 24% of patients failed to achieve maximal viral suppression 6 months after switching regimens. Younger age, lower CD4 counts, heterosexual transmission risk, NRTI-only regimens, and previous virologic failure were associated with increased risk of advanced virologic failure. New class-based regimens were protective against low-level viremia. Rates of treatment failure decreased in more recent calendar years.
1) The document summarizes an ECHO session on hepatitis B that included introductions, a didactic presentation on anti-HBc by Dr. Robert Gish, and a case presentation with feedback.
2) Dr. Gish's presentation covered epidemiology of HBV, HBV testing including the importance of anti-HBc, concepts about HBV persistence and reactivation risk.
3) Data was presented on rates of occult HBV and HBV DNA detection in donors with isolated or combined anti-HBc and anti-HBs.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Современное лечение ВИЧ: лечение многократно леченных пациентов с резистентно...hivlifeinfo
This document discusses management of HIV in heavily treatment-experienced patients with multiclass resistance and limited treatment options. It provides an overview of the problem, including that some older patients were treated early in the HIV epidemic with less potent regimens, resulting in resistance. Younger patients may have congenital HIV and been treated long-term. Assessment of virologic failure and resistance testing are important to select an effective new regimen. Current options for active drugs in these patients include maraviroc, ibalizumab, fostemsavir, and enfuvirtide, which have novel mechanisms of action. Adherence assessment is also critical to determine if the current regimen may still be effective if taken as prescribed.
This randomized clinical trial compared two post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens for preventing HIV infection: tenofovir/emtricitabine plus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir versus tenofovir/emtricitabine plus raltegravir. The trial found that while overall PEP non-completion at 28 days was similar between the two regimens, the raltegravir-containing regimen had significantly fewer adverse events and better adherence. Specifically, the ritonavir-boosted lopinavir regimen was associated with higher rates of PEP non-completion, loss to follow up, and low adherence, as well as more reported adverse events.
This randomized trial compared quality of life (QOL) outcomes between inpatient and outpatient intravenous antibiotic management of pediatric oncology patients with low risk febrile neutropenia (LRFN). 81 patients presented with 159 fever episodes, of which 37 presentations involving 27 patients were randomized to inpatient (18) or outpatient (19) groups. Patients received intravenous cefepime for at least 48 hours until fever resolution for 24 hours. QOL questionnaires completed daily by parents and patients showed higher combined and domain-specific scores for outpatients, indicating benefits to parents and patients across several QOL measures. Length of fever and adverse events were equivalent between groups, demonstrating outpatient management was both feasible and safe.
Neonatal Sepsis by dr Hesham Tawakol, Consultant Neonatologist at Corniche Ho...mohamed osama hussein
This document discusses neonatal sepsis and the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. It begins with an overview of neonatal sepsis, including definitions, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Drug resistance is a growing problem. To prevent healthcare-associated infections, transmission must be reduced through proper hand hygiene and infection control practices like cleaning equipment. Compliance with hand hygiene is challenging but critical for patient safety.
*I hope its help you all for preparation part 1 exam for MRCOG & MOG and your daily job.Good Luck May ALLAH bless our work and study,Good luck to all.dont forget to pray to ALLAH.if i wrong please correct me..process of learning..
This document provides information on managing hepatitis C in primary care. It discusses gaps in the hepatitis C care continuum, with up to 90-95% of individuals living with hepatitis C being unaware of their infection. Screening for hepatitis C is important for improving detection and treatment. The natural history of hepatitis C infection is described, showing how timely treatment can arrest disease progression and prevent death. Groups at risk for hepatitis C infection are identified. Guidelines for pre-treatment assessment and approved direct-acting antiviral treatment regimens are presented, along with considerations for special patient groups such as those with HIV, hepatitis B, or kidney disease coinfection. Monitoring during and after treatment is also covered.
A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, and abnormal liver function tests. Laboratory results show elevated AST, ALT, bilirubin levels and positive tests for HCV antibody and RNA. A liver biopsy revealed severe inflammation and bridging fibrosis. The patient is diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus infection based on her history of blood transfusion, symptoms, laboratory abnormalities and biopsy findings. The best course of action is to treat her HCV infection with antiviral therapy to reduce liver damage and prevent progression to cirrhosis.
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination of daclatasvir and sofosbuvir for 12 weeks or 8 weeks in previously untreated patients with HIV-HCV coinfection, and for 12 weeks in previously treated patients. Among previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1, the rate of sustained virologic response was 96.4% for those treated for 12 weeks and 75.6% for those treated for 8 weeks. Rates of sustained virologic response across all genotypes were 97.0% for 12 weeks of treatment and 76.0% for 8 weeks. The most common side effects were fatigue, nausea, and headache, and there were no treatment discontinuations due to side effects. HIV viral suppression
The document discusses the evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy from interferon-based regimens to all-oral, interferon-free direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combinations. Clinical trials demonstrated that combinations of NS5A inhibitors like ledipasvir or daclatasvir with NS5B inhibitors like sofosbuvir achieved high sustained virologic response rates of over 90%, including in difficult-to-treat groups. New DAA combinations including two or three-drug regimens from AbbVie, Gilead, and BMS were shown to cure HCV in the majority of patients with 8-12 weeks of therapy. While these new therapies represent significant advances, challenges remain
Similar to Dr. Chris Vinnard's 2013 HIV Treatment Update (20)
Dr. Kathleen Brady's presentation on PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) for HIV, as given to the Philadelphia HIV Prevention Planning Group (HPG) on March 25, 2015.
Behavioral Health Navigator Presentation by Emerson Evans 12-12-13Office of HIV Planning
Emerson Evans (AACO) presented on a SAMHSA-funded behavioral health navigator program on 12-12-13. This program in Philadelphia was discussed with the Philadelphia EMA Ryan White Part A Planning Council.
Dr. Kathleen Brady (AACO)'s annual epidemiological update. This presentation was given to the Philadelphia EMA Ryan White Planning Council on Thursday, February 20, 2014.
Evelyn Torres and Sebastian Branca's update on AACO's Client Services Unit (CSU), Housing Services Program (HSP), and Quality Improvement (QI) programs
Dr. Sarah Wood and Kimberley Desir's presentation to the RWPC's Positive Committee on Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's PrEP program, Project PrEPare, from April 2013.
The document summarizes a presentation about early identification of individuals with HIV/AIDS given to the Philadelphia EMA Ryan White Planning Council. It discusses the national EIIHA initiative goals of increasing awareness of HIV status and linking those with HIV to care. The presentation outlines Philadelphia's EIIHA strategy, logic model, and matrix for targeting different high-risk groups. It also reviews HRSA expectations and policies around testing, outreach, and linkage to care to achieve the goals of diagnosing individuals and linking them quickly to medical care.
Consultant Matthew McClain presented these guidelines and suggestions for updates to the Prevention Planning Group (PPG), based on earlier suggestions from the body.
This document summarizes key points from a policy briefing about the Affordable Care Act and Ryan White program. It discusses ACA milestones including Medicaid expansion and health insurance exchanges. It notes that some states like Pennsylvania may not expand Medicaid. The briefing also covers the potential impacts of sequestration cuts and upcoming advocacy events regarding appropriations for HIV/AIDS programs.
AACO's Annual Client Services Unit, Housing, and Quality Management PresentationOffice of HIV Planning
The document summarizes activities of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health's AIDS Activities Coordinating Office (AACO). It discusses the Client Services Unit (CSU) which provides intake, case management, and housing services. It also reviews quality management activities including monitoring performance measures for outpatient medical care and medical case management. The AACO tracks over 25 measures for both areas and provides bi-monthly feedback to improve client outcomes.
Nicole Johns of the Office of HIV Planning presented this updated version of the very popular "Where We Live Matters" to the Positive Committee on January 14, 2013.
Dr. Kathleen Brady of Philadelphia's AIDS Activities Coordinating Office (AACO) gave this presentation at the January 9, 2013 Comprehensive Planning Committee meeting.
Reaching the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy. This presentation was originally conducted at the Office of HIV Planning's Community Empowerment Workshop held at St. Luke's Church on October 16, 2012.
Planning in a time of uncertainty and change
This presentation was originally conducted at the Office of HIV Planning's Community Empowerment Workshop held at St. Luke's Church on October 16, 2012.
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TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
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1. Christopher Vinnard, MD MPH MSCE
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases & HIV Medicine
Drexel University College of Medicine
5. Infant exposure to HIV was confirmed through review
of maternal HIV antibody and plasma viral load
testing
Infant infection was documented by plasma viral load
testing
ART (Combivir + Nevirapine) initiated in the infant at
30 hours of age
Persistence of HIV following treatment
discontinuation was assessed using plasma viral load,
proviral DNA, and HIV antibody testing
Ultrasensitive assays done at age 24 and 26 months
CROI 2013
6. Infant infection was confirmed by positive
HIV DNA and RNA testing on 2 separate
blood samples obtained on 2nd day of life
3 additional plasma viral load tests on day 7,
12, and 20 were positive, before reaching
undetectable levels at age 29 days
Plasma HIV RNA remained undetectable
between months 1 through 26, despite
discontinuation of ART at age 18 months
7. Ultrasensitive methods found a single copy of
HIV RNA in plasma at age 24 months
Replication-competent virus was not
detected following co-culture of 22 million
purified resting CD4+ T cells
Plasma viral load, PBMC DNA, and HIV-
specific antibodies remained undetectable
with standard clinical assays
18. Benefit to the patient
AIDS defining events
Cancers
All cause mortality
Benefit to the patient’s partner
ART was 96% effective in reducing transmission
between discordant couples
36. Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy
Manage known or potential serious risks with
a drug or biological product
FDA sometimes determines that a REMS is
needed in order for the benefits to outweigh
the risks of an approved drug
REMS may include: Medication Guide,
Patient Package Insert, communication plan,
and other elements to assure safe use
37.
38. New treatments (and new drug-drug
interactions) for hepatitis C co-infection
39.
40. ~30% if HIV-infected individuals in the U.S.
are co-infected with hepatitis C
Chronic hepatitis C infection is a leading
cause of liver disease and mortality in HIV-
infected patients
HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patients are at
greater risk for liver disease and death,
compared with hepatitis C patients without
HIV infection
43. Telaprevir
NRTI backbone plus either raltegravir, efavirenz,
atazanavir/ritonavir, etravirine, or riplivirine
With efavirenz, increase dose of telaprevir
Boceprevir
NRTI backbone plus raltegravir
Wait...
New treatments on the horizon for 2014
44. New report of a cured patient
New research towards a “functional cure”
New guidelines for “when to start” therapy in
different patient populations
New one-pill-once-daily treatment regimen
New indication for antiretroviral therapy
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
New hepatitis C treatments, and new drug-
drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy