Describes simulation modeling of a fully automated container terminal with Rail Mounted Gantry Cranes and AutoStrads

1. 1
Simulation Modeling of a Fully Automated Container Terminal
Vijay Agrawal
Sr. Transportation Analyst
DMJM Harris | AECOM

2. 2
Overview
– Brisbane AutoStrad Terminal
– Alternative Site Plans
– Operations Analysis Techniques
– Simulation Analysis Results
– Layout Comparison and Cost Analysis

3. 3
Brisbane AutoStrad Terminal, Australia
Reefer Operations
..separating men
and machines
Gate service done via
Remote control in lanes
Truck holding area
Berth 7-9 at Fisherman Island

4. 4
East Swanson Dock Container Terminal
Melbourne, Australia

5. 5
Option 1
Before Peer Review
Reefer locations cause
mechanics to travel thru
CY to service reefers
Exchange areas
appear to be
properly configured, but
overall size in question
Five unit storage block
Module configuration
limits storage
flexibility w/ 40’ boxes
AutoStrad/RMG
Access Points

6. 6
Option 1
After Peer Review
Six unit storage block
Module configuration
is suggested to
increase flexibility
AutoStrad/Truck
Exchange Area
Reconfigured and Sized
Reefer
operations were
Moved at
the perimeter
of the CY
AutoStrad/RMG
Access Points

7. 7
Option 2
Before Peer Review
Reefer locations cause
mechanics to travel thru
CY to service reefers
No truck safety barrier
for BC/Truck transfer
AutoStrad/BC
Access Points

8. 8
Option 2
After Peer Review
Reefer
operations were
Moved at
the perimeter
of the CY
Truck safety barrier
for BC/Truck transfer
AutoStrad/BC
Access Points

9. 9
Option 3
Before Peer Review
Reefer locations cause
mechanics to travel thru
CY to service reefers
AutoStrad/ASC
Access Points

10. 10
Option 3
After Peer Review
Reefers
were moved at
the perimeter
of the CY
AutoStrad/ASC
Access Points

11. 11
Preliminary Layout Comparison
• Offers highest degree of flexibility
• Better access to any given container in yard
• Limited but Safe Truck/AutoStrad exchange slots
• Long AutoStrad Travel
• Trucks have to back in
• Offers next degree of flexibility
• Limited Truck/BC exchange area
• Requires controlled truck maneuvering through multi-
BC zones
• Trucks do NOT have to back in
• Least flexible
• Long ASC travel distance
• Trucks have to back in
• Double B trucks backing in poses traffic challenge at
high volume

12. 12
Simulation Analysis Results

13. 13
C0 C1 C2 C3
Ship 1
C4
Dock cranes 0,1,2,3,4
C5 C6 C7
Ship 2
C8
Ship 3
C9 C10 C11
Dock crane 5,6,7,8 Dock crane 9,10,11
40 Gate Slots: Uniform Gate Load Distribution
Type a
Type b
Type c
Type e
Type d
Load Distribution
Option 1

14. 14
Modeled Gate Truck Arrival Pattern Chart
100
116 113
94 95 98
92 94
116
109
90 90 93
114
96
89
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Time of Day (Hour)
Trucksperhour

15. 15
Option 1 Simulation

16. 16
Variable Gate Strads vs. Truck Service Time
Option 1
3 RMGs per Row
No Stevedoring Operations
394%
194%
116% 115% 108% 100% 101% 100% 100%
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
300%
350%
400%
450%
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 40
Number of Gate Strads
NormalizedTruckTurnTime

17. 17
Variable Vessel Strads vs. DC Productivity
Option 1
3 RMGs per Row
25 Gate Strads, Variable Stevedoring Strads

18. 18
Variable Vessel Strads vs. DC Productivity
Option 1
2 RMGs per Row
25 Gate Strads, Variable Stevedoring Strads

19. 19
Variable Gate Strads vs. Truck Time
Option 1
2 RMGs per Row
4 Stevedoring Strads per Dock Crane

20. 20
Vessel Load Distribution (Horizontal)
Option 2
C0 C1 C2 C3
Ship 1
C4
Crane
0, 1
Crane
2, 3
Crane
4, 5
Crane
6, 7
Crane
8, 9
Crane
10, 11
C5 C6 C7
Ship 2
C8
Ship 3
C9 C10 C11

21. 21
Load Distribution (Vertical)
Option 2
Stevedoring
0%
0%
100%
Gate
a
b
c
d
e
0%
0%
0%
5%
15%
30%
50%

22. 22
Option 2 Results

23. 23
Variable Bridge Cranes
Option 2
6 Vessel Strads Per Dock Crane

24. 24
Variable Strads
Option 2
2 Bridge Cranes Per Row

25. 25
Option 3 Loading
a
b
c
d
e50%
Gate
0%
0%
Stevedoring
10%
40%
50%
50%
0%
0%
0%

26. 26
Option 3 Results

27. 27
Variable Strads
Option 3 2 RMGs per Row
Variable Strads

28. 28
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Percentage
% free % move % work
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20
Stevedoring vs. Gate Crane Time Breakdown
Option 3
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Percentage
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20
%Work
%Move
%Free
%Work
%Move
%Free
StevedoringGate

29. 29
Layout Comparison and Cost Analysis

30. 30
Optimum Equipment Fleet Required

31. 31
Cost per Lift

32. 32
Custom Simulation Tool – Ongoing Analysis

33. 33
Thank You for Attending
Contact Information:
Vijay Agrawal
Vijay.Agrawal@DMJMHarris.com
Phone: 510-844-0576

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