Vertical Analysis | Accounting
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Vertical Analysis is a tool of financial statement analysis which reports each amount of the three categories of accounts that are assets, liabilities and equities as the percentage of total amount that is in a proportionate way. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Vertical Analysis:- http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/accounting/financial-statement-analysis-vertical-analysis/
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Vertical analysis powerpoint
This presentation discusses vertical analysis, which is used to find financial percentages in financial statements. Vertical analysis examines how each line item on an income statement or balance sheet relates to the total by expressing it as a percentage. It allows businesses to compare financial metrics over time and against other companies. The presentation provides examples of how vertical analysis appears on an income statement and balance sheet by listing each item as a percentage of the total. Real-world examples from UPMC and Pinnacle health systems are also presented.
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Horizontal analysis is also known as Trend Analysis refers to studying the behavior of individual financial statement items over several accounting periods. The Vertical Analysis concentrates on the relationships between various financial items on a financial statement. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Horizontal and Vertical Analysis:- http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/accounting/horizontal-and-vertical-analysis.aspx
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Vertical analysis powerpoint
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Respond to...Horizontal analysis of a financial statement is u.docx
Respond to...
Horizontal analysis of a financial statement is used to compare historical data such as line items or ratios throughout multiple accounting periods. This type of analysis can use either absolute comparisons or percentage comparisons. Horizontal analysis makes it easy for financial statement users to spot growth patterns and trends. This type of analysis allows individuals to successfully assess relative changes in different line items over time as well as project what they will be in the future. Looking at the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement over time, can allow for individuals to observe a complete picture of operational results. This allows individuals to determine what drives a company’s performance and whether or not the company is operating profitably and efficiently. Vertical analysis observes each line item within a current period as a percentage of a base figure. Therefore, line items on an income statement can be stated as a percentage of net sales (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2019).In regards to a financial analysis, the horizontal analysis can be considered to be a broader view whereas the vertical analysis is a narrower view. Liquidity ratios determine a company’s ability to take care of short-term obligations. Current, quick, cash, and defensive interval ratios are all examples of liquidity ratios. In contrast, solvency ratios determine a company’s ability to take care of long-term obligations. Solvency ratios measure the adequacy of cash flow and earnings to pay for interest expenses obtained from current debts. Debt and coverage ratios are examples of solvency ratios. Profitability ratios determine a company’s ability to generate profits from its assets. Return-on-sales and return-on-investment are examples of profitability ratios. These ratios are used to analyze the financial strength of a company.
Reference
Kimmel, P. D., Weygandt, J. J., & Kieso, D. E. (2019).
Financial accounting: Tools for business decision making (8th ed.)
. Retrieved from
https://www.vitalsource.com
Respond to...
There are two ways to breakdown financial statements to analyze a company. The broader view is the horizontal analysis, and the narrower view is the vertical analysis. Kimmel defined horizontal analysis as, "A technique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time to determine the increase (decrease) that has taken place, expressed as either an amount or a percentages" .
Using the horizontal analysis to note key percentages can help identify the grand scheme of a company. In other words the horizontal analysis can help gauge a company's potential by measure its growth and/or its diminishment over time. Ideally, taking note of a company's gross profits over the years is the key. It can display a steady progression, which can be used to estimate growing. However, noting a company's liabilities over time is important too For example, assessing a company's diminis.
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151Using Comparative Data 14C H A P T E ROVERVIE.docx
151
Using
Comparative Data 14
C H A P T E R
OVERVIEW
Comparative data can become an important tool for the
manager. It is important, however, to fully understand
the requirements and the uses of such data.
COMPARABILITY REQUIREMENTS
True comparability needs to meet three criteria: consis-
tency, verification, and unit measurement. Each is dis-
cussed in this section.
Consistency
Three equally important elements of consistency should
be considered as follows.
Time Periods
Time periods should be consistent. For example, a ten-
month period should not be compared to a twelve-
month period. Instead, the ten-month period should be
annualized, as described within this chapter.
Consistent Methodology
The same methods should be used across time periods.
For example, Chapter 8 discusses the use of two inven-
tory methods: first-in, first-out (FIFO) versus last-in, last-
out (LIFO). The same inventory method—one or the
other—should always be used consistently for both the
beginning of the year and for the end of the year.
After completing this chapter,
you should be able to
1. Understand the three criteria
for true comparability.
2. Understand the four uses of
comparative data.
3. Annualize partial-year
expenses.
4. Apply inflation factors.
5. Understand basic currency
measures.
P r o g r e s s N o t e s
152 CHAPTER 14 Using Comparative Data
Inflation Factors
Finally, if multiple years are being compared, should inflation be taken into account? The
proper application of an inflation factor is also described within this chapter.
Verification
Basically, can these data be verified? Is it reasonable? If an objective, qualified person re-
viewed the data, would he or she arrive at the same conclusion and/or results? You may
have to do a few tests to determine if the data can in fact be verified. If so, you should retain
your back-up data, because it is the evidence that supports your conclusions about
verification.
Monetary Unit Measurement
In regard to comparative data, we should ask: “Is all the information being prepared or
under review measured by the same monetary unit?” In the United States, we would expect
all the data to be expressed in dollars and not in some other currency such as euros (used
in much of Europe) or pounds (used in Britain and the United Kingdom). Most of the
manager’s data will automatically meet this requirement. However, currency conversions
are an important part of reporting financial results for companies that have global opera-
tions, and consistency in applying such conversions can be a significant factor in expressing
financial results.
A MANAGER’S VIEW OF COMPARATIVE DATA
It is important for the manager to always be aware of whether the data he or she is receiving
(or preparing) are appropriate for comparison. It is equally important for the manager to
perform a comprehensive review, as described below.
The Manager’s Responsibility
Whether you as a manager must either review or prepare.
financial management project- ratio analysis
This document is a project report submitted by Miss Yogita Savarmal Varma to the University of Mumbai for an M.Com degree. The report analyzes the financial ratios of Idea Cellular Ltd for the academic year 2016-2017 under the guidance of Prof. Karim. The report includes a declaration by the student, acknowledgements, a table of contents, an introduction to financial management and ratio analysis, an introduction to Idea Cellular Ltd, financial statements of Idea Cellular Ltd, calculations of various financial ratios, and a conclusion.
6. INTERPRETATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.pptx
This document provides an overview of interpreting financial statements. It defines financial statement analysis and interpretation, and explains that analysis involves simplifying data through classification while interpretation explains the meaning and significance of the data. The document outlines objectives of analysis including assessing profitability, efficiency, and solvency, and discusses tools used like comparative statements, common size statements, ratio analysis, and trend analysis. It also covers limitations of analysis and importance of comparative statements.
Ratio Analysis of Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
This document provides an overview of ratio analysis and its significance. It begins by defining ratio analysis as the process of determining and interpreting numerical relationships based on financial statements. Ratios are calculated by dividing two relevant figures and can be used to assess various aspects of organizational performance such as profitability, liquidity, efficiency, and financial stability. The document then discusses the objectives and types of ratios, how ratios should be calculated and interpreted, and compares ratios to historical standards, industry benchmarks, and budgets. It emphasizes that ratios must be carefully analyzed in context. Finally, the document outlines the significance of ratio analysis for various stakeholders like management, owners, creditors, employees and governments in evaluating financial health and making informed decisions.
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- 2. MEANING VERTICAL ANALYSIS IS A TOOL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS WHICH REPORTS EACH AMOUNT OF THE THREE CATEGORIES OF ACCOUNTS THAT ARE ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND EQUITIES AS THE PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL AMOUNT THAT IS IN A PROPORTIONATE WAY. IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE COMMON SIZE ANALYSIS SINCE IT FOCUS ON THE RELATIVE SIZE OF THE ITEM SO THAT THE USER OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION CAN EASILY COMPARE IT WITH THE INFORMATION OF OTHER DIFFERENT SIZED COMPANIES.
- 3. VERTICAL ANALYSIS V/S HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS
- 4. Basis Vertical Analysis Horizontal Analysis (for further information click the link here) Nature Comparison of items of financial statements to the common item of same accounting period Comparison of items of financial statements of one period or periods to the corresponding items of base accounting period Expression of change Change in items is expressed either in percentage or in ratio Change in items is expressed in absolute terms or in percentage or in both Benefits It helps in predicting or determining the future relative proportion of an item to the common item. It indicates growth or decline of the item. Purpose Determine proportion of the item to the common item in same accounting period Determine change in an item during an accounting period Formula Balance sheet item/ Total assets/ liabilities/ equities (Change in amount of item/ amount of item in base year)*100 Change in amount of item= amount in current year- amount in base year
- 5. VERTICAL ANALYSIS OF BALANCE SHEET
- 6. VERTICAL ANALYSIS OF INCOME STATEMENT
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