Brief Introduction to ventilation and its safety measures and Air Conditioning and its commercial application under the subject Industrial Safety and Environment.

1. AMANDEEP PAHWA
AGAMJOT SINGH
JASKARAN SINGH

2. • It is a process by which fresh air is introduced and used air is
removed from an occupied space. The primary aim is to
preserve the quality of air.
• It is the method of controlling worker exposure to air borne
disease, due to constant exposure to contaminated air for hours,
by removing used air with clean air.

3. • Ventilation and removal of fumes is required under section 14
and 59 of factory act
• SECTION 14(3): stipulates that where gases vapour or other
fumes are generated which may be injurious to health ,
effective and suitable ventilation must be provided for securing
and maintaining flow of fresh air in workplace.
• SECTION 59(2): Specifies that measures to be taken shall
includes providing local exhaust ventilation to remove dust and
there source of emission.

4. • Provide sufficient supply of air/oxygen.
• Remove the product of respiration and body odour.
• Remove contamination and harmful chemicals
• Remove heat generated by people working.
• Create some degree of air movement which is essential to feel
freshness.
• To maintain temperature and humidity in all conditions

5. • Poor ventilation can induce irritation , impair concentration and
cause fatigue.
• It may cause various diseases like LEGIONNAIRE’S DISEASE (
cause headache and muscle pain) HUMIDIFIER FEVER (cause
fever, lethargy)
• Poor ventilation is significant to the phenomena known as ‘sick
building syndrome’ during which occupant may complaint for
dry throat , headache and sore dry eyes.

6. Natural
ventilation
Mechanical
ventilation
Ventilation

7. • Natural ventilation is movement of air in and out of premises
through windows , doors without any mechanical aid.
• It is unsteady in nature as it is controlled by geographical
features.
• Opening must be atleast 5-10% of floor area.
• It is the only feasible solution in industries due to huge cost
benefits.

8. Controlled
natural
ventilation
Infiltration
Natural
ventilation

9. • CONTROLLED NATURAL VENTILATION: it is the intentional
displacement of air through specific opening such as
window,doors by using natural force.
• INFILRATION: it is random flow due to unintentional openings by
winds, temperature difference .

10. • Mechanical or forced ventilation is provided by an air handler and used
to control indoor air quality. Excess humidity, odors, and contaminants can
often be controlled via replacement with outside air. However, in humid
climates much energy is required to remove excess moisture from
ventilation air.
• Ceiling fans and table/floor fans circulate air within a room for the
purpose of reducing the perceived temperature by increasing
evaporation of perspiration on the skin of the occupants.

11. • Blowing air from outside into the room resulting in the development of a
slight positive pressure inside and constant flow of air from outside to
inside and then out.
• Sucking out the air inside the room with the help of exhaust fans and
developing negative pressure inside the room. This will draw outside air
inside to replace the foul air thrown and out by the fan.

12. • By using exhaust fans.
• By the use of positive ventilation i.e., by the use of supply fans coupled with
suitable ducts to force fresh air from outside the enclosure.
• By combination of exhaust fans and positive ventilation.

13. The control of the quality, quantity, temperature and humidity of the air in an interior
space is called Air-Conditioning .
WORKING OF AIR CONDTIONERS

14. WINDOW
UNITS

15. SPLIT-SYSTEM
UNITS

16. CHILLED_WATER
SYSTEM

17. BTU AND EER

18.  Comfort for Human itself, as in house , working at office , travelling and in other
specific Physical works.
 INDUSTRIES : Air-Conditioning makes the atmosphere of working zone very
comfortable, It helps to avoid Dust, Rusting & Humidity which can damage important
components
# LASER operated CNC Machining
# CAD/CAM offices and working zones
# Measurement Lab
# Administrative Blocks
 OTHERS : It is being used at every possible place , Some are
# Forensic Labs
# Hospitals
# Museum
# Vehicles and Air-Crafts

19. IMAGE SOURCE : Google Images