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 Tubers – potato, yam, sweet potato,
Jerusalem artichoke
 Bulbs - chives, onions, garlic, leeks, shallots
 Roots - beets, turnips, carrot, radish
 Stem - asparagus, celery, mushroom,
rhubarb
 Leaves - brussel sprouts, cabbage, chard,
greens, lettuce, spinach, Watercress
 Seeds - beans, peas, corn, bean sprouts,
string beans
 Flowers - artichoke, cauliflower, broccoli,
rapini (italian broccoli)
 Fruit - cucumber, eggplant, tomato, peppers,
squash
 Strong - cabbage, brussel sprouts, turnips,
cauliflower, onions
 Mild - most all vegetables
turnips
Brussel sprouts
 Water content - fruits, stems, flowers, leaves
1. tomato, celery, broccoli, lettuce - juicy
and succulent
 Starch - tubers, bulbs, roots, seeds
1. potato, sweet potato, lima beans, corn
2. Starchy vegetables
 Yellow
 White
 Red
 Green
 Fresh - available certain times of the year
 Canned
 Frozen
 Dried
 Chlorophyll - green substance of plant cells
that gives their green color.
 Vitamin A – eyes
◦ Leafy green and deep yellow vegetables contain
carotene which converts to Vitamin A
 Vitamin C –
◦ Most vegetables contain vitamin C - broccoli, green
peppers, tomatoes, cabbage
 Vitamin B -
◦ Lima beans and peas
 Minerals
◦ Calcium: soybeans, okra, collard greens, spinach,
kelp, broccoli, celery
◦ Iron: soybeans, cooked spinach, cooked swiss
chard, peas, chickpeas, turnip greens, collard
greens, potatoes, asparagus
 Carbohydrates
◦ Cellulose, starch and sugar
◦ Corn, potatoes, carrots, onions, beans, peas, sweet
potato
 Proteins
◦ Incomplete protein - dried beans, asparagus,
cauliflower, broccoli, brussel sprouts, artichokes,
watercress, sweet corn
 Goal to retain color, flavor, nutrient, texture
 Cellulose structure softens, and they become
less crisp
 Starch absorbs water, swells, and become
more soluble
 Water-soluble vitamins from vegetables seep
out into the cooking liquid - B and C vitamins
and minerals
 Loss of nutrients is reduced when cooked in
small amount of water
 Pan is covered to prevents both scorching
and loss of water due to evaporation
 Vitamins are destroyed by heat and
overcooking
 Cook only until fork tender and still slightly
crisp
 Overcooking dulls the bright colors of
vegetables, lose their texture and shape and
become mushy
 Properly cooked vegetables retain their color,
flavor, and texture and nutrients
 Boil - boil small amount of water, add
vegetables, return to boil, cover pan, reduce
heat to a simmer
 Baked - Wash thoroughly and place on oven
rack
 Panned - Stir-fry, braise (fat, low heat)
 Steam - Water in bottom of pan, basket to
hold food, cook over boiling water
 Fried - pan, deep fry, batter/crumbs
 Pressure cook - quick, good flavor, color
 Broil - tomato, eggplant
 Microwave - retain color, flavor, texture, and
nutrients
 Canned - more water, cooked at processing
time, graded by government
 Fresh - more nutritious, crisp, firm, color,
 Frozen - label information is your guide
 Dried - beans, peas, legumes - Soak before
cooking
 Refrigerate most. Examine first before
putting away.
 Tubers and root vegetables - store in cool,
dry, dark place
 Canned vegetables - on shelf at room
temperature, use within a year
 Frozen - use immediately when thawed

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Vegetables.pptx

  • 1.
  • 2.  Tubers – potato, yam, sweet potato, Jerusalem artichoke  Bulbs - chives, onions, garlic, leeks, shallots  Roots - beets, turnips, carrot, radish
  • 3.  Stem - asparagus, celery, mushroom, rhubarb  Leaves - brussel sprouts, cabbage, chard, greens, lettuce, spinach, Watercress  Seeds - beans, peas, corn, bean sprouts, string beans
  • 4.  Flowers - artichoke, cauliflower, broccoli, rapini (italian broccoli)  Fruit - cucumber, eggplant, tomato, peppers, squash
  • 5.  Strong - cabbage, brussel sprouts, turnips, cauliflower, onions  Mild - most all vegetables turnips Brussel sprouts
  • 6.  Water content - fruits, stems, flowers, leaves 1. tomato, celery, broccoli, lettuce - juicy and succulent  Starch - tubers, bulbs, roots, seeds 1. potato, sweet potato, lima beans, corn 2. Starchy vegetables
  • 7.  Yellow  White  Red  Green
  • 8.  Fresh - available certain times of the year  Canned  Frozen  Dried
  • 9.  Chlorophyll - green substance of plant cells that gives their green color.  Vitamin A – eyes ◦ Leafy green and deep yellow vegetables contain carotene which converts to Vitamin A
  • 10.  Vitamin C – ◦ Most vegetables contain vitamin C - broccoli, green peppers, tomatoes, cabbage  Vitamin B - ◦ Lima beans and peas
  • 11.  Minerals ◦ Calcium: soybeans, okra, collard greens, spinach, kelp, broccoli, celery ◦ Iron: soybeans, cooked spinach, cooked swiss chard, peas, chickpeas, turnip greens, collard greens, potatoes, asparagus
  • 12.  Carbohydrates ◦ Cellulose, starch and sugar ◦ Corn, potatoes, carrots, onions, beans, peas, sweet potato
  • 13.  Proteins ◦ Incomplete protein - dried beans, asparagus, cauliflower, broccoli, brussel sprouts, artichokes, watercress, sweet corn
  • 14.  Goal to retain color, flavor, nutrient, texture  Cellulose structure softens, and they become less crisp
  • 15.  Starch absorbs water, swells, and become more soluble  Water-soluble vitamins from vegetables seep out into the cooking liquid - B and C vitamins and minerals
  • 16.  Loss of nutrients is reduced when cooked in small amount of water  Pan is covered to prevents both scorching and loss of water due to evaporation
  • 17.  Vitamins are destroyed by heat and overcooking  Cook only until fork tender and still slightly crisp
  • 18.  Overcooking dulls the bright colors of vegetables, lose their texture and shape and become mushy  Properly cooked vegetables retain their color, flavor, and texture and nutrients
  • 19.  Boil - boil small amount of water, add vegetables, return to boil, cover pan, reduce heat to a simmer  Baked - Wash thoroughly and place on oven rack
  • 20.  Panned - Stir-fry, braise (fat, low heat)  Steam - Water in bottom of pan, basket to hold food, cook over boiling water  Fried - pan, deep fry, batter/crumbs
  • 21.  Pressure cook - quick, good flavor, color  Broil - tomato, eggplant  Microwave - retain color, flavor, texture, and nutrients
  • 22.  Canned - more water, cooked at processing time, graded by government  Fresh - more nutritious, crisp, firm, color,
  • 23.  Frozen - label information is your guide  Dried - beans, peas, legumes - Soak before cooking
  • 24.  Refrigerate most. Examine first before putting away.  Tubers and root vegetables - store in cool, dry, dark place
  • 25.  Canned vegetables - on shelf at room temperature, use within a year  Frozen - use immediately when thawed