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Goat value chains in Yabelo district of Borana zone, Ethiopia: Results of a rapid value chain assessment
1. Goat value chains in Yabelo district of
Borana zone, Ethiopia: Results of a rapid
value chain assessment
Nizam Husen
Multi-stakeholder Workshop for Targeting Action Research on
Lowland Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia
Debre Zeit 1-2April 2013
2. Yabello found in Borana zone of southern
Oromia
The districts has 13 PAs and 2 urban kebeles
Bimodal rainfall pattern main rain season
(March-May) and short rain season(Sept-Nov)
Total population of the district is 96,862
(40,502 female and 56360 male)
Study Kebeles: Dharito and Elwoye
It is located 567km from Addis Ababa, in the
southern direction parts of Oromia with altitude
of 1600m asl
Validation 2 April 2013 2
3. FGD was made with group of pastoralists composed of
men, women, community leaders and youth
Big and small traders, collectors, livestock
transporters, experts and extension agents were
interviewed
Hotel managers, butchers were also contacted
Observations were made to understand the nature of
goat marketing in major livestock markets (Haro Bake
and Yabello )
secondary data were reviewed (literature review)
Validation 2 April 2013 3
4. Core Consu
functio Input Producti marketi
Processing mptio
n supply on ng
n
Slaughtering
Activitie Supply of:
Transporting
Feeding Frying /
s Breeding stock
Herding Selling cooking Consumptio
Veterinary services
n
Credit service Housing Buying Meat retailing
Feed (some times) Breeding
Collection Making wosla
•pastoralists, Pastoralists,
Actors
YPDARC Pastoralis Hotels, Consu
•GO’s &
NGOs, priva ts traders, bro butchers mers
te clinics kers
5. Sources of breeding stock:
◦ Pastoralists within the area,
◦ Adjacent markets
◦ Yabello Research Center
◦ GOs and NGOs for restocking(after drought)
◦ Busa Gonofa system
Feed supply
Supplementation of mineral salt (megado
and dilo)
supplementary feeds is not targeting goats
supply of forage seeds is not practiced
Validation 2 April 2013 5
6. Goat health services provided by:
public veterinary clinics
community animal health workers
private veterinary clinics
private pharmacies
Informal veterinary drug sellers
for common diseases
(CCPP, PPR, Goat
Pox, trypanosomiasis, Ticks, Lice,
Mengmites, Hemoncus)
Validation 2 April 2013 6
7. Credit sources:
Oromia credit and saving institution
-group collateral
Household asset building
own credit and saving cooperative
-usually they face shortage of capital to address
the credit needs of their members
7
8. Breeding
• Three types of local goat breeds: Borana, Konso
and Guji are available
Introduction of 50%(100% Boer x100% Borana
goat) cross bucks by YPDARC recently
There is a general shortage of breeding bucks
The community is not selecting bucks for their
flock
No controlled mating
No awareness about inbreeding and its
consequences
One buck can serve up to 3-4 years
No record keeping about the flock
9. browses of bushes
Pastoralists do not have the culture of
collecting and preserving neither the
naturally grown feeds nor growing
forages
During dry seasons they migrate long
distance to search water and feed
during dry season acacia pods and
leaves are provided if it is available
10. seasonal distribution of feed resource
relative to rain fall pattern
100 5
80 4
Feed Availability (%)
Rainfall Score (0-5)
60 3
18
30
40 36 2
42
20
32
20 42 1
30
24
18 20
8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Browsing Grazing Rainfall (score 0-5)
11. Goats are kept in fences that do not have roofing
Pastoralists build separate kids houses known as
‘Dhokoba’
some time goats are kept with HH members if
their flock structure is 2-5
The barns/houses are cleaned daily by women and
children
12. • The Borana Pastoralists produce goat milk
• Goat milking is the task of women
• Goat milk is usually for household
consumption
• They do not sell goat milk
• One goat can produce 0.33 litter of milk
per a day (on average)
• mostly consumed by children less than 5
years when there is no cow milk
13. Producers sell their goats to
-traders, collectors, consumers, cooperatives, hotels and restaurants and other
producers.
Producers can sell at the farm gate, on the road, and at the market
point
Summary of goat price at different marketing place
Types of goat Farm gate On the road the market
Yearling 550 570 600
Does 750 760 800
Fattened 950 970 1000
Kids 350 370 400
Young female 500 530 550
14. N Types of buyer Types of animals Purpose
o
1 Small and big traders traders Does, fattened and Reselling by value addition
yearling
2 Individual consumers Does/yearling Household consumption
3 Hotel and restaurant bucks sales
4 Pastoralist does Reproduction, slaughtering
16. Land tenure Rules and Security Climatic
Enabling conditions
(access to land) regulations
environments
Foreign
Live
Consumption Individual export
consumers
Pastoralists (export market)
consumers (breeding purposes)
Processing Hotels Butchers
Super Export
markets abattoirs
Marketing Big traders
Collectors Small traders
Production Goat producers (Pastoralists)
Input supply Veterinaryservices(pri Extension Technology Credit
- forage seeds (MoA)
vate andpublic) services - breeds supply services
17. Channel 1:producres Collectors Small traders big traders
export abattoir
Channel 2:producres Collectors Small traders big traders
live export
Channel 3:producres small traders big traders export
abattoir
18. Channel 4:producres small traders big traders
live export
Channel 5:producres big traders export abattoir
Channel 6:producres big traders live
export
19. processing is mainly carried out by
hotels and butchers for local
consumption and export abattoirs for
foreign markets and super market
20. Hotels and butcheries slaughter goat
mainly to prepare different dishes and
to retail raw meat on kilogram basis
Consumption could be by individual
households, hotel customers and
foreign consumers
21. Constraints at input supply and production level
Non market oriented production
Lack of feed conservation practices
Shortage of breeding bucks
No selection of bucks
Lack of awareness about the negative impacts of
inbreeding
Shortage of vaccines for CCPP, PPR, Sheep and Goat
Poxes
High incidence of disease and parasites (CCPP, PPR,
Goat Pox, Senorosis, trypanosomiasis, Ticks, Lice,
Mengmites, Hemoncus, )
22. Lack of formal market information
Long distance of the market from production
Seasonality of supply of goat
No standard method of selling and buying
(both weighing scale and visual estimation
used)
High transportation and broker cost per
animals
Resource based Ethnic group conflict disrupts
the market
Shortage of supply of export quality goat to the
market
23. Borana has great potential for goat
production
The core functions, activities and actors in
the VC were identified
The major marketing channels were
identified
The major constraints and opportunities
along the value chain were investigated
Necessary intervention is required