Second report of the conference written by Prof. Virendra Kr. Paul, Department of Building Engineering & Management, School of Planning and Architecture.
Sustainability in Building Construction: Strategy for Achieving Sustainable D...IRJET Journal
This document discusses strategies for achieving sustainable development goals through sustainable building construction in Nigeria. It finds that while awareness of sustainability is growing, there remains a low level of understanding and implementation in the country's construction industry. The document analyzes factors like education, costs, and lack of government support that pose challenges. It recommends increasing education for construction professionals on sustainability practices through training, conferences, and collaboration between stakeholders to promote wider adoption of sustainable building approaches in Nigeria.
Effects of Sustainability Paradigm on ArchitectureIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper delves into effects of sustainability on architectural theory and practice. Ideas related to environmental protection from the past decades, cumulated in sustainability as unique global action. Circumstances were not in favour of necessary level of requested changes, but positive effects are evident in adjustment of legal base, new procedures and standards. Concept of sustainable architecture is proclaimed mainstream, faded by selective interpretation and perceptible lag in developing of theoretical background. Real critical observation and researches of sustainability and sustainable architecture are still very rare. Reasons for it are many, first of all not all of architects understand sustainable architecture as relevant and it is not rare misunderstanding of sustainable architecture as energy efficiency eco-tecture or other environmentally related “tecture”. Furthermore, building industry in its complexity is typically tardiness in acceptance of anything new in general. However, sustainable architecture is positive in its essence but rising confusion about it has to be halted by more clarified definitions, qualitative researches and developing of more solid theoretical bases. Otherwise it will lose positivity, transferred on semantic level where will spread, and atomise to its limits and fade away
This document discusses building a green culture at Empire State College's Metro Center campus in New York City. It begins by outlining the team members and their research goals, which are to determine areas where the campus can improve sustainability and energy efficiency by examining other successful green initiatives.
It then discusses defining the current culture at ESC Metro Center through stakeholder analysis and benchmarking other institutions like Berkeley College and Hunter College that have established green programs. The team aims to research industry standards and recommend how ESC Metro can adopt a greener culture by considering its current position and desired future state.
C:\Documents And Settings\Prashant1\My Documents\Study Material\Publication\P...Prashant Mehta
Energy and Sustainable Development are dynamically interlinked. This paper highlights industail process and product change can bring requirements of energy to minimum
Sustainable engineering - Measures for SustainabilityGauri Nair
Sustainable engineering measures aim to promote environmental education and awareness, follow the three R's approach of reduce, reuse and recycle, and utilize appropriate technology suited to the environment's carrying capacity. A framework for measuring sustainable development considers its various dimensions, including assessing new programs' expected economic growth and requiring an environmental impact assessment to receive sanction. Overall, achieving sustainability presents an ongoing challenge that humanity must work to overcome.
This document discusses promoting pro-green technology behaviors in organizations. It finds that the non-residential sector has a greater environmental impact than households. While there is research on individual behaviors, there is a gap in understanding workplace behaviors. The document calls for more rigorous experimental research integrating psychological and organizational theories to develop effective interventions. It argues interventions should involve users, have leadership support, and integrate new behaviors into work processes.
The document provides information on environmental management programs offered at various universities around the world. It lists the institution, country, degree/certificate offered, duration of study, key features of the program, typical coursework, and weblinks for additional information. Some of the common areas of study included in the programs are environmental policy, sustainability, environmental science, auditing and management systems, impact assessment, and resources management. The programs prepare students for careers in environmental consulting, industry, government, and non-profits.
Second report of the conference written by Prof. Virendra Kr. Paul, Department of Building Engineering & Management, School of Planning and Architecture.
Sustainability in Building Construction: Strategy for Achieving Sustainable D...IRJET Journal
This document discusses strategies for achieving sustainable development goals through sustainable building construction in Nigeria. It finds that while awareness of sustainability is growing, there remains a low level of understanding and implementation in the country's construction industry. The document analyzes factors like education, costs, and lack of government support that pose challenges. It recommends increasing education for construction professionals on sustainability practices through training, conferences, and collaboration between stakeholders to promote wider adoption of sustainable building approaches in Nigeria.
Effects of Sustainability Paradigm on ArchitectureIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper delves into effects of sustainability on architectural theory and practice. Ideas related to environmental protection from the past decades, cumulated in sustainability as unique global action. Circumstances were not in favour of necessary level of requested changes, but positive effects are evident in adjustment of legal base, new procedures and standards. Concept of sustainable architecture is proclaimed mainstream, faded by selective interpretation and perceptible lag in developing of theoretical background. Real critical observation and researches of sustainability and sustainable architecture are still very rare. Reasons for it are many, first of all not all of architects understand sustainable architecture as relevant and it is not rare misunderstanding of sustainable architecture as energy efficiency eco-tecture or other environmentally related “tecture”. Furthermore, building industry in its complexity is typically tardiness in acceptance of anything new in general. However, sustainable architecture is positive in its essence but rising confusion about it has to be halted by more clarified definitions, qualitative researches and developing of more solid theoretical bases. Otherwise it will lose positivity, transferred on semantic level where will spread, and atomise to its limits and fade away
This document discusses building a green culture at Empire State College's Metro Center campus in New York City. It begins by outlining the team members and their research goals, which are to determine areas where the campus can improve sustainability and energy efficiency by examining other successful green initiatives.
It then discusses defining the current culture at ESC Metro Center through stakeholder analysis and benchmarking other institutions like Berkeley College and Hunter College that have established green programs. The team aims to research industry standards and recommend how ESC Metro can adopt a greener culture by considering its current position and desired future state.
C:\Documents And Settings\Prashant1\My Documents\Study Material\Publication\P...Prashant Mehta
Energy and Sustainable Development are dynamically interlinked. This paper highlights industail process and product change can bring requirements of energy to minimum
Sustainable engineering - Measures for SustainabilityGauri Nair
Sustainable engineering measures aim to promote environmental education and awareness, follow the three R's approach of reduce, reuse and recycle, and utilize appropriate technology suited to the environment's carrying capacity. A framework for measuring sustainable development considers its various dimensions, including assessing new programs' expected economic growth and requiring an environmental impact assessment to receive sanction. Overall, achieving sustainability presents an ongoing challenge that humanity must work to overcome.
This document discusses promoting pro-green technology behaviors in organizations. It finds that the non-residential sector has a greater environmental impact than households. While there is research on individual behaviors, there is a gap in understanding workplace behaviors. The document calls for more rigorous experimental research integrating psychological and organizational theories to develop effective interventions. It argues interventions should involve users, have leadership support, and integrate new behaviors into work processes.
The document provides information on environmental management programs offered at various universities around the world. It lists the institution, country, degree/certificate offered, duration of study, key features of the program, typical coursework, and weblinks for additional information. Some of the common areas of study included in the programs are environmental policy, sustainability, environmental science, auditing and management systems, impact assessment, and resources management. The programs prepare students for careers in environmental consulting, industry, government, and non-profits.
Industrial ecology as an integrated framework forAlexander Decker
This document discusses industrial ecology as an integrated framework for business management. It defines industrial ecology as the study of physical, chemical, and biological interactions within industrial systems and between industrial systems and natural ecological systems, with the goal of transforming open linear systems to closed cyclical systems like in nature. The document outlines several key concepts of industrial ecology, including designing for minimal waste and resource use, using less toxic alternatives, preserving utility of materials, and designing for reusability. It also discusses tools used in industrial ecology like materials flow analysis, life cycle assessment, strategic environmental assessment, and environmental risk assessment to analyze resource flows and impacts throughout a product's life cycle.
14.02, Wennersten — Lecture intro to industrial ecologyWDC_Ukraine
The document discusses the concept of industrial ecology and outlines several key topics:
1. It defines industrial ecology as the study of technological systems and their interactions with the natural world to enable global sustainability.
2. It provides examples of tools used in industrial ecology like life cycle analysis and material flow accounting.
3. It discusses the dimensions of industrial ecology including its scientific, temporal, spatial, sectoral aspects as well as development in different regions.
4. Specific cases like the industrial symbiosis in Kalundborg, Denmark and the Hammarby Model of an urban residential area with reduced environmental load are examined.
Abbey Exec Summary, Pa Green Jobs Status ReportWalmartCAN
The document provides an overview of green jobs in Pennsylvania in 2009. It defines green jobs and lists 5 categories (efficiency, energy, environment, economy, and equity) that characterize green jobs. It discusses why green jobs are important for economic growth and environmental sustainability. The document also provides examples of green jobs in industries like wind energy, biomass energy, and solar energy that are emerging in Pennsylvania. It summarizes Pennsylvania's alternative energy portfolio standards and incentives that are driving the growth of green jobs in the state.
The document summarizes key discussions from a conference focused on how architects can contribute to a more sustainable world and transforming architectural education. Key recommendations include: redefining the architect's role to include sustainability; viewing buildings as part of larger living systems; incentivizing sustainability in design schools through funding, lectures, and accreditation; and connecting curriculum, campus operations, and the surrounding community to model sustainable design practices.
Environmental management aims to control human impact on the environment to preserve natural resources and improve human welfare. It focuses on developing and implementing environmental policy. Sustainable development meets present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. India faces many environmental issues like pollution, degradation of land and forests, and loss of biodiversity due to factors like population growth, urbanization, and industrialization. The national environmental policy aims to mainstream environmental concerns in development and achieve conservation, equity, and sustainability.
IRJET- Realization and Execution of Sustainable Green Building Design in Chha...IRJET Journal
This document discusses sustainable green building design in Chhattisgarh, India. It finds that while architects are familiar with sustainable design, they do not feel well-versed in it. The major problems encountered are lack of client awareness and availability of materials. There is an urgent need for more education and promotion of ecological responsibility and sustainable development. Green buildings optimize resource use, minimize emissions, and enhance renewable resources to address environmental pressures from population growth and development.
An international white paper I contributed to for the US National Science Foundation and the World Bank.
Biodiversty remains broadly misunderstood and left behind in corporate sustainability strategies.
This report offers a fresh look on how businesses could review their way of operating.
More work at www.bluestrike-group.com
This document outlines the course structure and content for a Business, Society & Environment course. It includes:
- An introduction to the topics of global warming, skepticism about climate change, and businesses' role in society through video clips.
- A definition of sustainable development as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs.
- An overview of the course objectives to study the impacts of business on resources and describe systems to influence these impacts.
- A course map listing topics like corporate social responsibility, the environment, renewable energy, and waste management that will be covered.
- Details on group and individual assignments, midterm and final exams, and grading criteria.
Q and a on positive development by janis birkelandJosh Develop
Through the design of buildings and infrastructure, cities can be modified to support ecosystems and provide ecological services that benefit both the environment and humanity. Currently, design is focused on reducing negative impacts, but a new approach called "Positive Development" aims to reverse ecological and social deficits by increasing ecosystem functions beyond pre-existing conditions through innovative design solutions. Measuring positive outputs and ecological gains could shift the focus from less negative to eco-positive impacts and enable widespread retrofitting at scale.
This document provides a literature review on sustainable development and greening the built environment. It defines sustainable development as having five key aspects: environmental limits, demand management, environmental efficiency, welfare efficiency, and equity. Several articles are then summarized that illustrate these aspects, such as how green buildings can improve employee health and productivity, new regulations requiring home appliances to use less energy and water, retrofitting homes to increase insulation and efficiency, using unused window space in buildings to generate solar power, examples of recycling and reuse in impoverished communities, and a system to treat human waste for use as fertilizer.
Implementing sustainable development Goals 1, 3.9, 7, and 13 through adoption...Innspub Net
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emerging from the Rio Earth Summit provided substantial synergy on environmental management. Kenya in her Vision 2030 agenda prioritized implementation of SDGs. This paper documents the evidence for the process of implementation of SDGs in Nairobi through adoption of green concept in environmental management. The emphasis is on the SDGs that are dependent on protected, conserved and preserved environment. Data was collected by surveying 92 households and five key informants (n=97) using semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and observations. The non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to determine the degree of connectivity between the process of implementation of SDGs and adoption of the green concept in environmental management. The respondents’ knowledge, attitudes and practice on implementation of SDGs through green concept in environmental management was significantly low. About sixty percent thought SDG 1 would be enhanced through attributes that protect the environment while attributed implementation of SDG 3.9 would be implemented through preserved environment. Again majority of them perceived SDG 7 would be implemented through use of clean energy devices. However, it’s only the minority that thought SDG 13 would be implemented through conservation of the environment. Majority of respondents were of the views that increased awareness, improved institutional capacity, enhanced enforcement, and individual aptness would enhance implementation of the SDGs through adoption of green concept in environmental management.
The document summarizes the results of a study examining green entrepreneurship among SMEs in Greece. It includes 10 hypotheses related to SMEs' ability to incorporate green strategies and the factors influencing their greening process. The methodology section describes a survey of Greek professionals to collect data. The results section outlines the findings for each hypothesis. It found that SMEs can incorporate green strategies and consumers are willing to pay more for green products. European funding was found to positively influence greening processes, while the relationship between firm size/turnover and greening was inconclusive. Government support for greening efforts was found to have some positive but also insignificant relationships.
The document outlines the nine elements of a sustainable culture/campus: infrastructure, community, and learning. Infrastructure includes energy, food, and materials. Community includes governance, investment, and wellness. Learning includes curriculum, aesthetics, and interpretation. Each element is described in 1-2 paragraphs, outlining key aspects and questions to consider to make progress toward sustainability in that area. The overall goal is to train a new generation of sustainability leaders through experiential learning and leading by example with campus initiatives.
Approaches of studying environmental managementSushanta Gupta
A view of natural environment as an all encompassing entity that simply exists not as a passive feature there to server human needs, but as a set of active processes that define a behavior and established patterns that interact with and the redirect human trajectories
Analysing climate vulnerability- Online training resource for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Different Forms of Vulnerability
This module provides a description of the different forms of vulnerability and will cover the following:
Vulnerability to today`s climate and vulnerability to tomorrows climate.
What is meant by natural, socio-economic, and institutional vulnerability
How these different kinds of vulnerabilities interact
Additional vulnerability perspectives
Implementing adaptation - Identifying means - training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Identifying Possible Means for Adaptation
This module provides a general overview of the different categories of climate change adaptation measures and includes the following:
Typology of Adaptation
Preparing for Adaptation
Active Measures
The document discusses emerging trends in green technology, with a focus on green waste management. It describes the scope of studying how switching to green technology benefits organizations over the long run. Specifically, it will examine the monetary and intangible benefits of implementing green technology in workspaces. The document also provides an overview of green waste management methods like composting and discusses trends in renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower.
sustainability re thinking a tool for planning and design in nigeria built e...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
The concept of sustainability has been introduced to combine concern for the well being of the planet with continued growth and development. This requires awareness of full short and long term consequences of any transformation of the environment. The paper investigates the principles underpinning tools and physical measures within the scope of planning and design in built environment. Working for sustainability demands an awareness of how everything works whether natural or man-made. The available range of tools for planning and design nesting with planning and design process is hereby discussed. The paper highlights that environment are met to change with inspiration and human creativity involving the concept of designing professionals within the concept of planning and design tools. Therefore, a more appropriate understanding of sustainability based on the critical activities of planning and design in the face of development and constructions are needed.
A Maturity Model For Integrating Sustainability In Projects And Project Manag...Arlene Smith
This document presents a maturity model for integrating sustainability into projects and project management. The model assesses the level of consideration given to sustainability in terms of resources, processes, business models, and products/services. The model is based on the key concepts of sustainability - integrating economic, environmental and social aspects; integrating short and long-term aspects; and consuming income rather than capital. By using this model, organizations can benchmark their maturity in sustainable practices and monitor their progress over time in translating abstract sustainability concepts into concrete actions.
Industrial ecology as an integrated framework forAlexander Decker
This document discusses industrial ecology as an integrated framework for business management. It defines industrial ecology as the study of physical, chemical, and biological interactions within industrial systems and between industrial systems and natural ecological systems, with the goal of transforming open linear systems to closed cyclical systems like in nature. The document outlines several key concepts of industrial ecology, including designing for minimal waste and resource use, using less toxic alternatives, preserving utility of materials, and designing for reusability. It also discusses tools used in industrial ecology like materials flow analysis, life cycle assessment, strategic environmental assessment, and environmental risk assessment to analyze resource flows and impacts throughout a product's life cycle.
14.02, Wennersten — Lecture intro to industrial ecologyWDC_Ukraine
The document discusses the concept of industrial ecology and outlines several key topics:
1. It defines industrial ecology as the study of technological systems and their interactions with the natural world to enable global sustainability.
2. It provides examples of tools used in industrial ecology like life cycle analysis and material flow accounting.
3. It discusses the dimensions of industrial ecology including its scientific, temporal, spatial, sectoral aspects as well as development in different regions.
4. Specific cases like the industrial symbiosis in Kalundborg, Denmark and the Hammarby Model of an urban residential area with reduced environmental load are examined.
Abbey Exec Summary, Pa Green Jobs Status ReportWalmartCAN
The document provides an overview of green jobs in Pennsylvania in 2009. It defines green jobs and lists 5 categories (efficiency, energy, environment, economy, and equity) that characterize green jobs. It discusses why green jobs are important for economic growth and environmental sustainability. The document also provides examples of green jobs in industries like wind energy, biomass energy, and solar energy that are emerging in Pennsylvania. It summarizes Pennsylvania's alternative energy portfolio standards and incentives that are driving the growth of green jobs in the state.
The document summarizes key discussions from a conference focused on how architects can contribute to a more sustainable world and transforming architectural education. Key recommendations include: redefining the architect's role to include sustainability; viewing buildings as part of larger living systems; incentivizing sustainability in design schools through funding, lectures, and accreditation; and connecting curriculum, campus operations, and the surrounding community to model sustainable design practices.
Environmental management aims to control human impact on the environment to preserve natural resources and improve human welfare. It focuses on developing and implementing environmental policy. Sustainable development meets present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. India faces many environmental issues like pollution, degradation of land and forests, and loss of biodiversity due to factors like population growth, urbanization, and industrialization. The national environmental policy aims to mainstream environmental concerns in development and achieve conservation, equity, and sustainability.
IRJET- Realization and Execution of Sustainable Green Building Design in Chha...IRJET Journal
This document discusses sustainable green building design in Chhattisgarh, India. It finds that while architects are familiar with sustainable design, they do not feel well-versed in it. The major problems encountered are lack of client awareness and availability of materials. There is an urgent need for more education and promotion of ecological responsibility and sustainable development. Green buildings optimize resource use, minimize emissions, and enhance renewable resources to address environmental pressures from population growth and development.
An international white paper I contributed to for the US National Science Foundation and the World Bank.
Biodiversty remains broadly misunderstood and left behind in corporate sustainability strategies.
This report offers a fresh look on how businesses could review their way of operating.
More work at www.bluestrike-group.com
This document outlines the course structure and content for a Business, Society & Environment course. It includes:
- An introduction to the topics of global warming, skepticism about climate change, and businesses' role in society through video clips.
- A definition of sustainable development as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs.
- An overview of the course objectives to study the impacts of business on resources and describe systems to influence these impacts.
- A course map listing topics like corporate social responsibility, the environment, renewable energy, and waste management that will be covered.
- Details on group and individual assignments, midterm and final exams, and grading criteria.
Q and a on positive development by janis birkelandJosh Develop
Through the design of buildings and infrastructure, cities can be modified to support ecosystems and provide ecological services that benefit both the environment and humanity. Currently, design is focused on reducing negative impacts, but a new approach called "Positive Development" aims to reverse ecological and social deficits by increasing ecosystem functions beyond pre-existing conditions through innovative design solutions. Measuring positive outputs and ecological gains could shift the focus from less negative to eco-positive impacts and enable widespread retrofitting at scale.
This document provides a literature review on sustainable development and greening the built environment. It defines sustainable development as having five key aspects: environmental limits, demand management, environmental efficiency, welfare efficiency, and equity. Several articles are then summarized that illustrate these aspects, such as how green buildings can improve employee health and productivity, new regulations requiring home appliances to use less energy and water, retrofitting homes to increase insulation and efficiency, using unused window space in buildings to generate solar power, examples of recycling and reuse in impoverished communities, and a system to treat human waste for use as fertilizer.
Implementing sustainable development Goals 1, 3.9, 7, and 13 through adoption...Innspub Net
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emerging from the Rio Earth Summit provided substantial synergy on environmental management. Kenya in her Vision 2030 agenda prioritized implementation of SDGs. This paper documents the evidence for the process of implementation of SDGs in Nairobi through adoption of green concept in environmental management. The emphasis is on the SDGs that are dependent on protected, conserved and preserved environment. Data was collected by surveying 92 households and five key informants (n=97) using semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and observations. The non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to determine the degree of connectivity between the process of implementation of SDGs and adoption of the green concept in environmental management. The respondents’ knowledge, attitudes and practice on implementation of SDGs through green concept in environmental management was significantly low. About sixty percent thought SDG 1 would be enhanced through attributes that protect the environment while attributed implementation of SDG 3.9 would be implemented through preserved environment. Again majority of them perceived SDG 7 would be implemented through use of clean energy devices. However, it’s only the minority that thought SDG 13 would be implemented through conservation of the environment. Majority of respondents were of the views that increased awareness, improved institutional capacity, enhanced enforcement, and individual aptness would enhance implementation of the SDGs through adoption of green concept in environmental management.
The document summarizes the results of a study examining green entrepreneurship among SMEs in Greece. It includes 10 hypotheses related to SMEs' ability to incorporate green strategies and the factors influencing their greening process. The methodology section describes a survey of Greek professionals to collect data. The results section outlines the findings for each hypothesis. It found that SMEs can incorporate green strategies and consumers are willing to pay more for green products. European funding was found to positively influence greening processes, while the relationship between firm size/turnover and greening was inconclusive. Government support for greening efforts was found to have some positive but also insignificant relationships.
The document outlines the nine elements of a sustainable culture/campus: infrastructure, community, and learning. Infrastructure includes energy, food, and materials. Community includes governance, investment, and wellness. Learning includes curriculum, aesthetics, and interpretation. Each element is described in 1-2 paragraphs, outlining key aspects and questions to consider to make progress toward sustainability in that area. The overall goal is to train a new generation of sustainability leaders through experiential learning and leading by example with campus initiatives.
Approaches of studying environmental managementSushanta Gupta
A view of natural environment as an all encompassing entity that simply exists not as a passive feature there to server human needs, but as a set of active processes that define a behavior and established patterns that interact with and the redirect human trajectories
Analysing climate vulnerability- Online training resource for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Different Forms of Vulnerability
This module provides a description of the different forms of vulnerability and will cover the following:
Vulnerability to today`s climate and vulnerability to tomorrows climate.
What is meant by natural, socio-economic, and institutional vulnerability
How these different kinds of vulnerabilities interact
Additional vulnerability perspectives
Implementing adaptation - Identifying means - training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Identifying Possible Means for Adaptation
This module provides a general overview of the different categories of climate change adaptation measures and includes the following:
Typology of Adaptation
Preparing for Adaptation
Active Measures
The document discusses emerging trends in green technology, with a focus on green waste management. It describes the scope of studying how switching to green technology benefits organizations over the long run. Specifically, it will examine the monetary and intangible benefits of implementing green technology in workspaces. The document also provides an overview of green waste management methods like composting and discusses trends in renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower.
sustainability re thinking a tool for planning and design in nigeria built e...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
The concept of sustainability has been introduced to combine concern for the well being of the planet with continued growth and development. This requires awareness of full short and long term consequences of any transformation of the environment. The paper investigates the principles underpinning tools and physical measures within the scope of planning and design in built environment. Working for sustainability demands an awareness of how everything works whether natural or man-made. The available range of tools for planning and design nesting with planning and design process is hereby discussed. The paper highlights that environment are met to change with inspiration and human creativity involving the concept of designing professionals within the concept of planning and design tools. Therefore, a more appropriate understanding of sustainability based on the critical activities of planning and design in the face of development and constructions are needed.
A Maturity Model For Integrating Sustainability In Projects And Project Manag...Arlene Smith
This document presents a maturity model for integrating sustainability into projects and project management. The model assesses the level of consideration given to sustainability in terms of resources, processes, business models, and products/services. The model is based on the key concepts of sustainability - integrating economic, environmental and social aspects; integrating short and long-term aspects; and consuming income rather than capital. By using this model, organizations can benchmark their maturity in sustainable practices and monitor their progress over time in translating abstract sustainability concepts into concrete actions.
A Study on Eco-friendly Building Management with Respect to Feasibility of Im...inventionjournals
The purpose of the study is to examine the factors affecting the eco-friendly building management with respect to feasibility of implementation. A cross sectional research on 487 citizens and 500 students through questionnaire method and analysed using SPSS software. The population of study consists of resident’s views on eco-friendly building management in Kochi. The study was conducted during the period of October 2016 to January 2017. This study identified five dimensions of eco-friendly building management such as public interests, environmental impact, economy, material management and water and energy management. Furthermore, this study confirmed that there is significant impact on public interests, environmental impact, economy, material management.
An empirical examination of sustainability for multinational firms in china ...Faiza Latif
This document summarizes an empirical study that examined sustainability practices among multinational firms operating in China. The study aimed to: 1) Examine pressure from parent companies on subsidiaries in China to improve sustainability; 2) Develop a conceptual framework of indicators to assess sustainability performance; and 3) Identify motivators for implementing sustainability practices and implications. The study analyzed survey responses from 229 executives at multinational subsidiaries in China. Key findings included differences in sustainability practices based on firm size, and that greater emphasis is needed on management in host countries to improve sustainability. The study contributes to understanding antecedents of sustainability among multinationals operating abroad.
Dimensions and Indicators for Sustainable Construction Materials: A Review- C...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Dimensions and Indicators for Sustainable Construction Materials: A Review by Humphrey Danso* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Determinants that influence Green Consumption Intention: An Investigation of ...AI Publications
Green consumption behavior in daily life has become an important research topic in China. Particularly, several green courses and programs are added to strengthen the environmental awareness of college students at universities in recently years. In fact, college students can be the high-efficiency actors who are good at learning ability, creativity, and flexibility and adaptability. The current study aims to understand the green consumption in practice from the views of college students in China by extending the Theory of Planned Behavior. The results indicated that green subjective norms had statistically significant impact on intentions of green consumption. Moreover, green atmosphere, green publicity, and green product were to found to have a significant and positive relationship with green consumption intentions. Promising directions for future research are outlined.
The document discusses the importance of quality metrics in green construction companies. It analyzes the differences between traditional and sustainable building practices. Conrad Construction Industries recognizes the industry trend toward sustainable building and wants to implement quality metrics to measure its green building practices. Literature is reviewed on the growth of the green building market and lean project delivery methods that can reduce costs for green buildings. The need for an integrated system like LEED to help architects and builders design sustainable buildings is also discussed.
This document discusses the concept of a "green organizational architecture" that incorporates strong sustainability principles. It begins by noting the lack of research on sustainability in the fields of management information systems and organizational architecture. The document then reviews theories of sustainability and outlines different patterns ("informational", "processes", "structural", "strategy", "culture") that could characterize green management. It proposes a research model called OASSIM that distinguishes between weak and strong sustainability approaches and examines how organizational cognition and logic can influence managers' thinking to build architectures with strong sustainability in mind. The purpose is to integrate sustainability issues into the process of conceptualizing organizational architecture.
A Review Article On Quot Environmental Impact Assessment (Eia)Robin Beregovska
(1) The document provides a review of environmental impact assessment (EIA). EIA identifies, predicts, and evaluates the environmental effects of proposed projects or activities.
(2) EIA is a tool used in decision making for development projects. It measures the environmental impacts of upcoming projects, including physical and social factors, and provides measures to minimize impacts.
(3) EIA has become a requirement in over 100 countries and is an important tool for deciding whether to approve a project at a particular site based on its environmental impacts. EIA also helps negotiate among developers, public groups, and regulators.
THE ADVANTAGES OF USING SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN IN SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE...EkengJerry
This document discusses the advantages of using sustainable building design in school architecture. It explores how sustainable practices can benefit educational institutions through environmental balance, energy efficiency, and occupant well-being. Some key benefits highlighted include lower operating costs, improved indoor air quality, enhanced learning environments, and increased well-being. However, challenges also exist in seamlessly integrating sustainability into the design process and understanding relationships between building and urban systems. Overall, the document argues sustainable design should be a priority in contemporary architecture to address environmental challenges through responsible construction.
The Wabash Building is a LEED Platinum certified office building located in Chicago, Illinois. Some key sustainable features include a green roof, rainwater harvesting system, daylighting, and energy efficient HVAC and lighting systems. These features helped the building achieve a 50% reduction in water use and a 36% reduction in energy use compared to a typical office building. However, the upfront costs of the sustainable upgrades and technologies were significant at around $15 million. While operational savings have helped recoup some of these costs over time, the payback period is around 13-15 years. Overall the case study examines both the environmental
This report analyzes the advantages of linking design and sustainability. Sustainability aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. There should therefore be a strong connection between design and sustainability to eliminate negative environmental impacts through sensitive design. Sustainable design requires minimizing resource use, environmental impacts, and connecting people to nature. Linking design and sustainability can benefit the environment, society, and economy through reduced resource use, improved quality of life, and increased economic and social benefits. Principles for sustainable design include reducing and reusing resources, life cycle design, and connecting humans to the natural world.
Here are some of the major causes of environmental pollution:
- Industrialization - As industries grew rapidly in the 19th and 20th centuries, they released large amounts of untreated waste into the air, water, and land. Emissions from factories, power plants, and manufacturing facilities contribute significantly to air, water, soil, and noise pollution.
- Urbanization - As more people move to cities, demand for housing, transportation, energy, and consumer goods increases. Urban areas generate large quantities of waste and pollution from vehicles, power plants, construction, and consumer products. Improper waste disposal is also a major issue.
- Agriculture - Conventional agricultural practices can degrade soil quality and contaminate water sources with fertilizers, pest
Towards Greening Decisions on the University Campus: Initiatives, Importance ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Universities as ‘small worlds’ are veritable places for promoting environmental friendly activities; being breeding grounds for future decision makers. They are characterized by activities that negatively influence our environment which are in three areas which are: energy usage, waste generation and transportation. This study utilized both exploratory and survey designs to investigate the initiatives relating to training, research, campus operation and community service, their importance and barriers to effective implementation in The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. The study found that implementing these initiatives has benefits associate with cost saving, employability, public image, quality assurance, and societal change. More than 70 percent of the respondents believed that implementing greening initiatives is very important. The study also revealed individual and institutional barriers in the achievement of this result. The most severe ones include: inadequate and sustainable awareness, ineffective policy, lack of knowledge and skills to handle relevant technology for greening. The study suggested that management should provide supports in the areas of policy-making and implementation, budgetary allocation and motivational structure to lead the way in the comity of universities.
This document discusses the evolution of sustainability paradigms from conventional to contemporary to regenerative sustainability. Regenerative sustainability aims to align human actions with principles of thriving living systems to continually increase whole-system health and wellbeing across scales. It integrates consideration of inner sustainability like worldviews with outer sustainability of social and ecological systems. Regenerative sustainability offers a holistic approach based on how living systems function and addresses root causes of unsustainability.
Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technologies: Identifying the Hierarchy and...scmsnoida5
The application of new, resource efficient
Environmentally Sound Technologies (ESTs) has
become crucial for both development and the
environment. Technology transfer is most
fundamentally complex process of learning and the
effective transfer is not possible until all the factors
related to transfer process is well understood. Present
paper aims to understand Hierarchy and interrelationship
among barriers to the process of adoption
of environmentally sound technologies using an
interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique. The
paper will reveal how ISM supports policy planners
and implementing agencies in recognizing and
exploring interdependencies among barriers to EST.
The main findings of the paper contain the
development of Hierarchy and inter-relationship of
barriers to EST adoption with ISM model. The
identified barriers are divided into five blocks of
Hierarchy that display their inter-relationship depicting
the driving-dependence relationship. This academic
exercise of ISM model development is expected to
direct a way forward to the policy planners, makers
and implementers to leverage their resources
optimally with effective adoption of EST.
The Architecture Of Sustainable BusinessLaercio Bruno
The document discusses the architecture of sustainable business. It defines architecture as the design of human environments and sustainability as meeting present needs without compromising future generations. The architecture of sustainability aims to create environments that are ecologically sound, economically viable, socially just, and culturally accepted. It then outlines several initiatives that companies can implement as part of a comprehensive sustainability policy, including energy, waste, water, and emissions management as well as stakeholder engagement and corporate governance.
Communicative Work to Enact Environmental Sustainability at an Urban UniversityRahul Mitra
This paper was presented at the annual conference of the Eastern Communication Association, 2018, in Pittsburgh, PA. Please do not use without permission of the authors, and proper citation.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 08 Doors and Windows.pdf
Vasconcelos et al. 2015 iglc 2015
1. Vasconcelos, I.A., Cândido, L.F., Heineck, L. F. M., and Barros Neto, J. P. 2015. Guidelines for
practice and evaluation of sustainable construction sites: a lean, green and wellbeing integrated
approach. In: Proc. 23rd
Ann. Conf. of the Int’l. Group for Lean Construction. Perth. Australia. pp. 773-
782, available at: <www.iglc.net>
773 Proceedings IGLC-23, July 2015 |Perth, Australia
GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICE AND
EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE
CONSTRUCTION SITES: A LEAN, GREEN
AND WELLBEING INTEGRATED
APPROACH
Iuri Aragão de Vasconcelos1, Luis Felipe Cândido2, Luiz Fernando Mählmann
Heineck3, José de Paula Barros Neto4
ABSTRACT
Sustainability is addressed through the triple bottom line concept, bringing together
economic, environmental and social issues, related management actions and their
impacts for better building sites. Lean concepts are incorporated into the economic
side of the model, while a new concept – wellbeing – expands the social pillar. Green
attributes render themselves naturally to the environmental part of the triple bottom
line approach. A model to evaluate how and in what degree lean, green and
wellbeing concepts are being applied in site layout managing is developed using
Design Science Research (DSR) propositions. This procedure is tested in three
different sites in the city of Fortaleza, in the Brazilian northeast region. Results point
out that the model artifact obtained through DSR is capable of synthesizing a huge
number of variables both in terms of possible management actions and in terms of
their sustainability outcomes. Graphical displays help to guide how sustainability
might improve over time, either evaluating individual sites against their previous
records or benchmarking different building projects.
KEYWORDS
Sustainability, triple bottom line, lean construction, green, wellbeing, performance
evaluation.
INTRODUCTION
Construction industry is characterized by a huge consumption of natural resources
and its potential environment degradation. While in the course of transforming the
natural environment into a built environment, many hazardous impacts can be
identified throughout a project life cycle (Agopyan and John, 2011). At its onset, a
1
Master Degree at Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil, iuriav.ufc@gmail.com
2
Lecturer, Christus University Center (Unichristus), Brazil, luiscandido2015@gmail.com
3
Lecturer, State University of Ceará (UECE), Brazil, freitas8@terra.com.br
4
Lecturer, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazill, jpbarros@ufc.br
2. Iuri Aragão de Vasconcelos, Luis Felipe Cândido, Luiz Fernando Mählmann Heineck, José de Paula
Barros Neto
774 Proceedings IGLC-23, July 2015 |Perth, Australia
sustainable site might be a first good step towards an overall better project
performance.
A sustainable site would provide a more significant impact on society if the triple
bottom line approach is taken, bringing together its economic, environmental and
social benefits. Further down, once the building site is handed over, after its several
construction stages are completed, the triple bottom line approach should be enforced
throughout commissioning, operating, refurbishing and finally dismantling the
building after its service life (Piccoli, Kern and González, 2008).
Customers growing demand for sustainability has been introduced as a strategic
concern to higher levels of developer’s managerial staff and gradually spread to
operations on site (Pardini, 2009). However this effort has generally narrowed down
to green concepts, to building product design, to waste control on site and to the
adherence to public or private codes of practices as the LEED assessment. A truly
systematic triple bottom line effort as proposed by Elkington (1999) aiming at
establishing guidelines for a sustainable building industry is still lacking. Further
down this research work discusses why disciplines like Lean Thinking, Green
Building and Social Impacts of the construction activity, taken individually or as
combinations, are not enough to support the more encompassing triple bottom line
view. Wellbeing concepts are brought to light in order to fill this gap.
LEAN, GREEN AND WELLBEING: AN INTEGRATED
APPROACH TO CONSTRUCTION SITE
The Lean Thinking research community spread its academic reasoning’s to different
areas like supply management, design management, health and safety, building
maintenance and building refurbishment, widening initial concerns restricted to
production planning and control. It was a natural step to accommodate the concurrent
green concept under its value umbrella. This is equivalent to credit environmental
concerns to clients’ needs in the previous Quality Movement research thrust. A more
careful research methodology is first to identify similarities between Lean and Green,
Lean and Sustainability, Lean and Health & Safety, and Lean and Social
Responsibility and then proceed towards the meritorious scientific goal of identifying
a common or a leading knowledge discipline.
Ng, et al. (2010) related lean and safety using a set of indicators to assess safety
performance, demonstrating the positive impacts of a lean environment to the
reduction of hazards on site. At that moment, Slivon, et al. (2010) claimed a deeper
human concern in Lean Thinking. Benefits to internal human employees or to
external human needs and desires should be taken as the primary end result of
managerial efforts and not just as another issue that should be systemically
contemplated, whatever its relative importance in a building company strategy.
Chronologically in the following year, papers by Alarcón, Acuña and Diethelm
(2011); Antillón, et al. (2011) and Leino and Elfving (2011) elected the positive
impacts of Lean Construction to Health & Safety as a testimony of the former wide-
ranging effects. On the other hand Salvatierra-garrido and Pasquire (2011) and Vieira
and Cachadinha (2011) contributed with Lean and Green evidences on conceptual
interactions.
3. GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICE AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
SITES: A LEAN, GREEN AND WELLBEING INTEGRATED APPROACH
POSTERS 775
Wellbeing, according to Ryan and Deci (2000) and Sen (1993) encompasses
motivational and self-determination, both individual and collective satisfaction,
involvement with company’s values and shared vision. It derives from
anthropological findings on how humans have evolved, but accepting psychological
views on how man behaves according to a specific culture. It has been incorporated
into managerial techniques through psychologist and sociologists observations on
how man is motivated and reacts while performing work. It might be
comprehensively addressed with guidelines derived from the discipline of Quality of
Working Life (Walton, 1973).
For the purposes of this research work Wellbeing concepts are needed to provide a
proper building site, according to the following reasoning. Lean guidance would
organize a site with a rational layout while green (and sustainability) would minimize
the consumption of resources and adequate discharge of them. Quality of Working
Life would dictate the provision of a legally sound, socially encouraging, individually
defying environment. This is not enough according to Wellbeing: a proper site is a
place where individuals want to be, feel at home, and find out the necessary support
to develop their selves. This is the kind of atmosphere that is associated with craft
work of self-employed artisans, being illustrated by Sennet (2009; 2012).
Failing to obtain relevant literature on the interaction of Lean, Green and
Wellbeing it should be mentioned, in the search for methods of integrating different
knowledge disciplines, the recent works of Rosenbaum, Toledo and Gonzalez (2012),
Carneiro, et al. (2012) and Campos, et al. (2012) provide a performance assessment
model to evaluate the maturity of use of sustainability and LC.
Reinforcing the methodological approach rather than the quantitative findings on
possible interactions Valente, Mourão and Barros Neto (2013) proposed a coherent
application of lean and green concepts on building developments at the strategic,
tactical and operational level. Salem, et al. (2014) analysed the commanding role of
Lean Construction on a triple bottom line approach to sustainability, but social
impacts on sustainability are again restricted to Health and Safety issues.
It is clearly necessary to step further in this social perspective, and this is where
the Wellbeing concept might provocatively help. For example cell production
promotes employee’s empowerment, what can be introduced as one more item in a
triple bottom line checklist using the already mentioned Quality of Life at Work
concepts. Wellbeing would go further, expressing the positive feelings related to the
possibilities of alternatively using power or accepting a subordinate relationship at
work. Moreover, wellbeing would suggest investigating how much cell production
workers feel comfortable performing teamwork.
Degani (2003) puts forward a matrix to evaluate environmental actions and their
corresponding impacts on a building development. Araújo (2009) employed this
matrix to contemplate best practices found in a number of building sites and their
possible effects on sustainability. This research work uses the matrix and checklist
techniques to address the problem on how to evaluate lean, green and wellbeing
actions on building sites. However, it recognizes that such approach leads to
extensive lists of actions and extensive lists of impacts, magnified now for this
endeavour of comprehensively addressing a more balance view on economic,
environmental and social aspects.
4. Iuri Aragão de Vasconcelos, Luis Felipe Cândido, Luiz Fernando Mählmann Heineck, José de Paula
Barros Neto
776 Proceedings IGLC-23, July 2015 |Perth, Australia
METHOD
Design Science was used as a research strategy to create a solution to the following
management problem: how to create a method to integrate a list of actions derived
from Lean, Green and Wellbeing with their potential impacts in economic,
environmental and social outcomes, leading jointly to a more sustainable building site.
Such administrative tool should take into account that site administrative personnel
might freely hypothesize actions and associate impacts. They might choose actions
and outcomes according to what is deemed adequate to different stages of progress on
a building site and what such management personnel understand as appropriate to
obtain sustainable outcomes. Moreover, if site personnel decide to embark in less
time-consuming evaluations, they should feel free to choose a restricted set of actions
and impacts.
Design Science (DS) is a research strategy that creates and evaluates artifacts
intended to solve identify organizational problems (Hevner, et al., 2004). This
approach is eminently focused in solve practical problems instead of analyzing nature
laws or compartmental theories (Collins, Joseph and Bielaczyc, 2004). Even if this
artifact is not entirely sound in theoretical terms, one of the key issues is its
operability in practice. The latter is adhered to through a research process containing
seven steps, as suggested by Hevner, et al. (2004) is showed in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Designed Research Process
MODEL FOR EVALUATION TO SUSTAINABILITY OF CONSTRUCTION SITE
The proposed model is characterized by four different parts: 1) Building Company
Characterization; 2) Building Site Characterization - Creation of a Matrix to relate
site management actions and sustainability impacts; 3) Calculations and Comparative
Graphical Display of Results.
Building Company characterization Styles – Headings
This just a formal procedure to elicit recent developments in the areas of lean
production, green building and social awareness of the building company that might
be useful to further indicate how far a specific building site is expected to practice
sustainability principles. This section might contemplate former strategic plans, TQM
procedures, compliance to Quality, Environment and Safety certifications and data
and image banks of recent developments with successful implementation of
sustainable efforts.
Construction Site Characterization - Matrix of Economic, Environmental and
Social Impacts
Following Degani (2003) and Araújo (2009) a list of management actions related to
lean, green and wellbeing is produced, taking the form of the vertical axis in a Matrix,
like the one displayed in part on Table 1. Note that for the sake of space restriction,
this paper produces only part of the management actions connected to environmental
5. GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICE AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
SITES: A LEAN, GREEN AND WELLBEING INTEGRATED APPROACH
POSTERS 777
actions. On the same token general lean practices are not mentioned apart from the
three initial lines related to the management of resources: they are presented in full in
Vasconcelos (2013), a M.Sc. Dissertation. Similarly, the last three lines area a short
version of the Wellbeing/Social management actions: two of these lines are related to
local development, while the central line maintains the tradition of referring
Wellbeing/Social actions only to Health and Safety, what was heavily criticized in the
initial parts of this research paper.
Table 1 - Part of Matrix of relevant aspects versus environmental impact of
construction site (A x I Matrix)
The Matrix of relevant aspects versus environmental impact of construction site (A x
I Matrix) shows a list of 34 possible management actions divided into 5 major
subcategories: management of resource, nuisance and pollution, construction waste,
infrastructure of the construction site and social issues.
Calculations and Comparative Graphical Display of Results
Table 2 exemplifies how scores are obtained within the matrix format. First, a
notation is used to subjectively assess impacts of a line into a row. A circle describes
a substantial impact while an X implies that just a simple impact is expected. If
nothing is added to a cell it means that no relationship is foreseeable for the pair of
line and row variables. A management action described by a line will have a really
significant (superior) impact on the array of sustainability variables if the number of
circles is greater than the number of Xs (and this scores 3). An intermediate impact is
associated with the number of circles equal the number of Xs (and this scores 2). A
6. Iuri Aragão de Vasconcelos, Luis Felipe Cândido, Luiz Fernando Mählmann Heineck, José de Paula
Barros Neto
778 Proceedings IGLC-23, July 2015 |Perth, Australia
basic impact is associated with the number of circles smaller than the number of X
(and it scores 1). This scoring scheme is subjective and might be changed by
prospective users; care should be taken to maintain the same scoring system when
comparing different building sites.
Table 2 – Example of matrix of environmental impact of construction site
The comparative graphical display of results is obtained like follows. Abscissa values
represent how much management actions might impact sustainability. They are taken
as the sum of all scores for possible management actions. For Figure 2, with 34
possible management actions maximum score, will be 34 * 3 = 102 and minimum
will be 34 * 1 = 34. An interpretation for this range of values is: if all management
actions are expected to have a number of substantial impacts greater than just simple
impacts, this building site is characterized, potentially, by a substantial outcome in
terms of sustainability. On the other hand, if all possible management actions (lines)
are classified as 1, basic impacts, not very much can be expected in terms of
sustainability outcomes. Note that abscissa values cannot be smaller than 34 for
figure 1. If a management action has no impact in any sustainability variable it should
be removed from the check-list, as all cells combining this line and the respective
rows for impacts will be empty. Further to that abscissa values are standardized in the
range zero to 100, taking for this case 34 as zero and 102 as 100.
Ordinate values represent what is being achieved on a particular building site in
terms of sustainability. It is based on the GBC accreditation scheme (Silva, 2007)
using a Likert scale with 6 points as proposed by Backer (1995) and Siqueira (2008).
Site administrative personnel will fill again Figure 1 matrix, now evaluating actual
impacts of every management action into row sustainability variables. As before,
each management action might have a superior, an intermediate or a basic actual
impact. Unlike the previous abscissa discussion, it might happen that a particular
management action, deemed to impact some sustainability variables is not showing
any impact: in this case, actual impact is represented by empty cells throughout this
management action line. This would be associated with a zero score.
7. GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICE AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
SITES: A LEAN, GREEN AND WELLBEING INTEGRATED APPROACH
POSTERS 779
A relative scoring scheme is illustrated as follows. It might be that a management
action line that is supposedly of basic nature (score 1), now is actually producing a
greater number of substantial impacts (score 3). Its relative score would be +2, that is
(3-1). Contrariwise, a theoretical superior management action line (score 3) might be
actually producing a greater number of simple impacts (score 1), what would be
associated with a relative score -2, that is, (1-3). In the case of a management action
line not actually showing any impact (with all line with empty cells), its relative score
would be -3, -2, and -1, respectively if it was initially associated with a potential
superior impact (score 3), an potential intermediate impact (score 2) or a potential
basic impact (score 1).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Figure 2 plots global scores for sites A, B and C. Site A has a minimum standardized
score of 75 and was able to achieve an actual standardized score of 79. It means that
site management was of the view that potentially this site could positively affect 75%
of all sustainability variables presented in Table 1.
Figure 2: Comparative analysis to each company
This figure is either what could be theoretically possible for this site and its
characteristics, both in terms of sustainability requirements and management actions
that were under course, or alternatively, management actions and sustainability
requirements this site is committed to address. This second option is an interesting
methodological characteristic of the proposed method: while analysing individually a
site, standards are set by its own managerial staff, instead of following a checklist that
is externally imposed.
Site B committed itself to pursue a set of management actions that would
theoretically impact 65% of the sustainability requirements set in Table 1. In actual
terms, this site was able to achieve 64% of the sustainability requirements, just under
the figure it was committed. Note that in actual terms it might be, for example, that
this site is getting better than committed impacts due to lean actions, and worse than
committed for the other areas: in sum, notwithstanding some differences between
theoretical and actual performance, the site is delivering sustainability as planned.
Site C is not sustainable according to its own standards. Its management staff
committed itself to affect positively 75% of all sustainability requirements in Table 1
but it was able to deliver only 46% of them.
Radar charts as presented in Figure 3 allow site personnel to depict weaknesses
and strengths of its sustainability management system at a glance. Moreover, they call
8. Iuri Aragão de Vasconcelos, Luis Felipe Cândido, Luiz Fernando Mählmann Heineck, José de Paula
Barros Neto
780 Proceedings IGLC-23, July 2015 |Perth, Australia
attention to the lack of balance between what was theoretically envisaged and actually
achieved. For project A infrastructure of the construction, for project B this and
construction waste and for project C all subcategories apart from infrastructure of the
construction site are unbalanced. It might be said that projects A performed well and
project B was just under what it was committed to, but they were able to achieve their
results due to performance counterbalance between subcategories.
Legend:
Figure 3: Scores to each category for company A, B and C respectively
FINAL REMARKS
This research work demonstrated the construction of a new artefact to evaluate
sustainability on construction sites, following the triple bottom line approach.
Suggestions were made to incorporate lean management actions into the economic
triple bottom line pillar. Management actions leading to a green site were naturally
associated with the environmental pillar, while a new concept, wellbeing, was
introduced to expand the social pillar.
Design Science Research provided the methodological background to build a
matrix like kind of tool to make it simple the amalgamation of an overwhelming
number of possible site management actions and their impacts on sustainability
requirement. A synthetic view allows one to evaluate the degree of sustainability a
site is able to achieve according to what it commits itself to achieve. This perspective
of judging performance according to commitments, weaker or stronger as they might
be, is deemed appropriate to help introduce such evaluations on site, without the
imposing requirements of external control, whereby standards are set by actors that
are not responsible for the daily site operations.
A suggested scoring scheme induces management to select a balanced set of
management actions than otherwise it would be possible by just summing cardinal
scores for the potential impact of management actions into sustainability requirements.
9. GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICE AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
SITES: A LEAN, GREEN AND WELLBEING INTEGRATED APPROACH
POSTERS 781
REFERENCES
Agopyan, V. and John, V.M., 2011. O Desafio da Sustentabilidade na Construção
Civil. São Paulo, Brazil: Edgard Blucher.
Alarcón, L.F., Acuña, D. and Diethelm, S., 2011. Using Empirical Data to Identigy
Effective Safety Management Strategies in Construction Companies. In: Proc.
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