The document summarizes information about 16 amazing types of woodpeckers around the world. It provides details about each woodpecker species, including their physical appearance, habitat, diet, and other behaviors. Some of the woodpecker species discussed include the red-bellied woodpecker, red-headed woodpecker, rufous-bellied woodpecker, downy woodpecker, great spotted woodpecker, green-barred woodpecker, acorn woodpecker, crimson mantled woodpecker, and yellow-fronted woodpecker.

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編輯配樂：老編西歪
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2. Foreword
Belonging to the family of Picidae, woodpeckers are one of the most amazing
types of bird species.
Commonly found perching on tree trunks or chiseling wood in search of their
favorite foods, woodpeckers are widely spread across the world.
With nearly 200 species around the world, woodpeckers are mainly clustered
around wooded areas of tropical and subtropical countries of South East Asia,
south and Central America, and Equatorial Africa.
So here is a list of the top 16 amazing types of woodpeckers in the world.
前言
啄木鳥屬於啄木鳥科，是令人最驚奇的鳥類之一。
通常啄木鳥棲息在樹幹或鑿過的木頭上，尋找它們最喜歡的食物，廣泛地分佈在世
界各地。
啄木鳥在全世界有將近 200 品種，主要分佈在東南亞、南美洲和中美洲以及赤道非
洲的熱帶和亞熱帶國家 的樹林區周圍。
此處列出了世界上最神奇的 16 種啄木鳥。

3. Red-bellied woodpeckers are medium-sized woodpeckers of Ohio that come
with Stripped colouration on their backs, gleaming red cap, plain buffy breast
and face, a long tail and a long pointed bill.
紅腹啄木鳥 是美國俄亥俄州的中型啄木鳥，背上有條紋、閃閃發光的紅色頭頂、
棕黃色的胸部和臉部、長尾巴 搭配著尖長的喙。
Red-bellied Woodpecker
紅腹啄木鳥
1

4. However, red-bellied woodpeckers are noisy Birds and make a variety of calls (males tend to make
calls more frequently than females). Also, like other woodpeckers, red-bellied woodpeckers used their
bill for foraging as a chisel drilling into bark or probing cracks on tree trunks, feeding mostly on insects,
seeds, nuts etc.
然而，紅腹啄木鳥 是聒噪的鳥類，會發出各種叫聲（雄性叫聲更頻繁）。紅腹啄木鳥 與其它啄木鳥一
樣，使用喙當鑿子，在樹皮上鑽孔或探測樹幹的裂縫來覓食，主要以昆蟲、種子、堅果等為食。

5. The red-headed woodpecker in Florida is a
gorgeous bird species with an entirely
crimson head, snowy white body, black-white
wings. Also, both adult males and females are
indistinguishable by plumage but males are
slightly larger than females.
美國佛羅里達州 美麗的紅頭啄木鳥，頭完全是
深紅色，身體雪白，翅膀黑白色。此外，成年
雄性和雌性無法通過羽毛來區分，但雄性略大
於雌性。
Red-headed Woodpecke
紅頭啄木鳥
2

6. Red-headed woodpeckers are commonly found in eastern North America and inhabit open
plants and wetland forested areas, preferring dead or dying trees and sparse undergrowth. Also,
they feed on a variety of foods such as chestnuts, fruits, seeds, berries, corns, and catch insects
while in flight.
紅頭啄木鳥 常見於北美東部，棲息在開闊植物和濕地森林地區，更喜愛枯死或垂死的樹木和稀疏
的灌木叢。它們以各種食物為食，如栗子、水果、種子、漿果、玉米，並在飛行時捕捉昆蟲。

7. Image Source: Wikimedia
Rufous-bellied Woodpecker
棕腹啄木鳥
3
Rufous-bellied Woodpecker is a medium-sized brownish Woodpecker commonly
found in south and south-east Asia specifically in India, Nepal Bhutan,
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and China. It has a short crest, short black bill, dark eye
strip with small red patches.
棕腹啄木鳥 是型褐色啄木鳥，常見於南亞和東南亞，特別是印度、尼泊爾、不丹、
孟加拉國、斯里蘭卡和中國。它有個短羽冠，黑色短喙，帶小紅斑的黑色眼帶。

8. Males have a reddish patch near the eye, missing in females. Also, Rufous-bellied Woodpecker
forages in pairs, feeding specifically on ant nests on trees, fallen logs, dung heaps etc. However,
their population is continuously declining due to habitat destruction.
雄性眼睛附近有個紅斑點，雌性則無。此外 棕腹啄木鳥 成對覓食，專門以樹上蟻巢、倒下的原
木、糞堆等為食。然而由於棲息地遭到破壞，數量正在不斷減少。

9. Downy Woodpecker
絨毛啄木鳥
4
Downy Woodpecker has a straight, chisel-like bill, blocky head, wide shoulders, and
straight-backed posture. Also, Downy Woodpeckers smallest black and white animal widely
spread Woodpecker in North America and also one of the popular birds of Iowa.
絨毛啄木鳥 有挺直像鑿子般的喙、短而結實的頭、寬肩直背。絨毛啄木鳥 為最小黑白物種
啄木鳥，廣泛分佈於北美，也是 美國 愛荷華州 很普遍的鳥。

10. Also, these types of woodpeckers found in Arkansas are commonly found chiseling in
forested areas mainly deciduous and also in residential areas and City parks. It is a
social bird often found in flocks of chickadees, nuthatches.
此外，在美國阿肯色州 的這類啄木鳥，主要在森林地區鑿木，也存在於落葉林地區、
住宅區 和城市公園。

11. They are very fond of black oil sunflower
seeds, millets, peanuts. Also, they are seen
hammering at goldenrod galls to extract the
fly larvae inside.
絨毛啄木鳥 是群居鳥類，常混跡於山雀、五
子雀 鳥群中。喜歡吃黑油葵花子、小米、花
生。此外，還可以看到它們敲打 黃花菜的癭
以採掘裡面的蠅幼蟲。

12. Most commonly found in Europe, North America and
most of Eurasia, the great spotted Woodpecker is a
stout bird with black and white spotted plumage and a
red patch under the tail.
大斑啄木鳥 常見於歐洲、北美和大部分歐亞
大陸地區，體型粗壯，全身羽毛黑白相間，
尾巴下方有紅色斑塊。
Great-spotted Woodpecker
大斑啄木鳥
5

13. They are commonly found hopping in almost all types of forest, Woodland, Parkland,
gardens and even farmlands with hedges and scattered large trees. Also, great
headed woodpeckers change into trees to find food, excavate nest holes, extract
seeds from pine cones, insect larvae from inside trees etc.
它們常見於各種森林、林地、公園、花園甚至樹籬和 零星大樹的農田中。此外，大斑
啄木鳥 會更換樹林覓食、挖掘巢穴、從松果中採取種子、從樹內挖取幼小昆蟲等。

14. Green bird Woodpecker is a bird species found in East and Central South America,
Brazil, Bolivia and Central Argentina. They have a yellow-green body with black-
spotted Bars on the wings, back and tail, black forehead and red hind crown.
綠斑啄木鳥 分佈於南美洲東部和中部、巴西、玻利維亞和阿根廷中部。身體呈黃綠色，
翅膀、背部和尾巴上有黑色斑點，前額黑色，後冠紅色。
Green-Barred Woodpecker
綠斑啄木鳥
6

15. Moreover, males have a red moustache ( which is black in females). Ranging from
lowland forest to Andean desert scrub, they are found in a variety of habitats
including forested habitats and more open areas with scattered trees.
公鳥有紅色鬍鬚 (雌鳥為黑色)。從低地森林到安第斯沙漠灌木叢，它們棲息地分佈在，
包括森林與散落樹木的開闊地區。

16. Image Source: Nagarajan Kanna
Acorn Woodpecker
橡樹啄木鳥
7
Acorn woodpeckers have a brownish blackhead, white forehead and white eyes. Adult males have a
red cap on the forehead whereas females have a black area between the forehead and the cap. Also,
they have a fascinating social life and highly complicated breeding behavior.
橡樹啄木鳥 有褐色的黑頭、額頭和眼睛為白色。成年雄性額頭上為紅色，而雌性前額和額頭之間有一
塊黑色區域。它們的社交生活迷人，高度的繁殖行為很複雜。

17. Acorn woodpeckers are very pretty and prefer to live in large
groups. It is easily spotted in open oak or pine-oak forest.
橡樹啄木鳥 非常漂亮，喜歡成群結隊生活。很容易在開闊的橡
樹林或松橡林中發現其蹤跡。

18. Image Source: Wikimedia
Crimson mantled Woodpecker
紅背 (紅披風) 啄木鳥
8
Commonly found in subtropical and temperate zones in the Andes, Venezuela
and Bolivia, Crimson mantled Woodpecker are bright red with olive wings and
scaled breast that grades into yellow in the lower parts.
紅背 (紅披風) 啄木鳥 常見於安第斯山脈、委內瑞拉和玻利維亞 的亞熱帶和溫
帶地區，呈鮮紅色，有橄欖色的翅膀，胸部有鱗片，下部逐漸變成黃色。

19. Also, adult males are easily identified by their red crown n a dark red malar while females have a both
black Malar and crown. Moreover, a day for ages along with moss and lichen-cover trees in the habitats
of subtropical and tropical moist montane forest.
成年雄性很容易從它們的紅色冠和深紅色顴骨來識別，而雌性則有一個黑色的顴骨和冠。它們在亞熱帶
和熱帶潮濕的山地森林棲息地中，會與苔蘚和地衣覆蓋的樹木一起 度過漫長的一天。

20. Image Source: Nick Athanas
Yellow-fronted Woodpecker
黃額啄木鳥
9
Yellow-fronted woodpeckers are multicoloured, gregarious
and one of the most exotic species of the bird. With black
wings, tail, yellow forehead eye-ring, white rump, and red
belly bordered with dark bars, yellow fronted Woodpeckers
look even more fascinating.
黃額啄木鳥五彩繽紛，群居，是鳥類中最奇特的物種之一。
黑色的翅膀，尾巴，黃色的前額眼環，白色的臀部以及紅色
的腹部鑲有黑色條紋，紅色的腹部邊緣有深色的條，黃額啄
木鳥看起來更加迷人。

21. Moreover, yellow fronted woodpeckers are native to eastern
South America, Southeastern Brazil, Argentina. Also, their
preferred habitats are subtropical and tropical moist lowland
forests and heavily degraded former forests. Yellow-fronted
woodpeckers are non-migratory species that prefer to live in
places with isolated trees.
黃額啄木鳥原產於南美洲東部、巴西東南部、阿根廷。此外，
它們喜歡的棲息地是亞熱帶和熱帶潮濕的低地森林，和嚴重退
化的老森林。黃額啄木鳥 非遷徙物種，喜歡生活在 隔離的樹
木之處。

22. Ivory-billed Woodpecker
象牙喙啄木鳥
10
Native to the bottom line hardwood forest and temperate
coniferous forest, Ivory-billed Woodpecker is the third-
largest Woodpecker in the world and the largest
Woodpecker of North America. Also, Ivory-billed
Woodpecker was known as the “Lord God Bird”
in the United States. Ivory-billed woodpeckers
are mostly black with two white stripes and
large white panels in the upper wings.
象牙喙啄木鳥 原居於闊葉林和溫帶針葉
林的底線區，是世界「第三大啄木鳥」，
也是北美最大的啄木鳥。此外，象牙喙
啄木鳥在 美國被稱為「主神鳥」。象牙
喙啄木鳥 大多是黑色的，有兩條白色條
紋，翅膀上部有大白塊。

23. Also, males have a red crest and females have a
black crest. Moreover, Ivory-billed Woodpeckers
feed on large trees and fallen logs, stripping away
Bark to search for large beetle larvae
and inhabits untouched bottomlands
and swamps. Also, Ivory-billed
woodpeckers make a unique
double knocking noise when
packing at trees and this
sound makes them
easy to identify.
象牙喙啄木鳥 雄性頭冠為紅色，雌性為
黑色。它們棲息在未受破壞的窪地和
沼澤地，以大樹和倒下的原木為食
剝去樹皮蒐尋大型甲蟲幼蟲。
此外，象牙喙啄木鳥在樹上
聚集時會發出獨特的雙重
敲擊聲，這種聲音很
容易識別。

24. Image Source: Wikimedia
Gilded Woodpecker
鍍金啄木鳥
11
The gilded woodpecker loves to thrive in regions of the Sonoran desert,
Arizona and Baja, and California. The cute colorful birds look similar to the
red-shafted Northern flickers.
鍍金啄木鳥 喜歡在 索諾蘭 沙漠、亞利桑那州和 巴哈 以及 加州 地區繁衍生
息。可愛而鮮豔的鳥 看起來與「紅軸北方閃爍」啄木鳥類似。

25. The main diet of gilded woodpeckers is ants and
other insects such as beetles, termites, and
caterpillars. It can grow between 11 to 14 inches
and the average weight is between 3.3 to 4.5 oz.
鍍金啄木鳥 的主要食物是螞蟻和其他昆蟲，如甲蟲、
白蟻和毛毛蟲。它可以成長到 11~14 英寸，平均重
量在 3.3~4.5 盎司之間。

26. Northern Flicker Woodpecker
北方閃爍啄木鳥
12
The northern flicker woodpecker is a woodpecker species native to North America and
Canada. The bird species prey on ants, insects, berries, seeds, and nuts. It can be in
length between 11 to 12 inches and the average weight is between 3.8 to 5.6 oz.
北方閃爍啄木鳥物種 原產於北美和加拿大。這種鳥類捕食螞蟻、昆蟲、漿果、種子和堅
果。它的長度可以達 11~12 英寸，平均重量在 3.8~5.6 盎司之間。

27. Female 雌性 Female 雌性
Image Source: Wikimedia
The pair of northern flickers mate for life and the average lifespan of the woodpecker
species is between five to seven years. The diet mainly consists of ants and is also seen
eating worms, butterflies, insects, snails, and moths found on the ground.
成對的北方啄木鳥 終生對象固定交配，啄木鳥物種的平均壽命在 5~7 年之間。主要以螞
蟻為食，也吃地上的蠕蟲、蝴蝶、昆蟲、蝸牛和飛蛾。

28. Image Source: Stefan Berndtsson
Eurasian Three-Toed Woodpecker
歐亞三趾啄木鳥
13
The Eurasian three-toed woodpecker is mostly seen in the regions of northern
Europe starting from northern Asia to Japan. The diet includes insects, insect
larvae, spruce bark beetles, and wood-boring beetle larvae.
歐亞三趾啄木鳥 主要分佈在歐洲北部地區，從亞洲北部到日本一帶。食物包括
昆蟲、昆蟲的幼蟲、雲杉樹皮甲蟲 和 蛀木甲蟲的幼蟲。

29. Talking about its appearance, the adult species has a black and white
plumage along with a unique yellow crown for the male. The back of the
bird species is white with black bars and the tail is black with the white
color. The diet includes fruit and tree sap.
成年物種的外觀有黑白相間的羽毛，雄性有獨特的黃色冠。白色鳥類背部
帶有黑條紋，黑色尾巴帶有白色。食物包括水果和樹液。

30. Image Source: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region
Red-Cockaded Woodpecker
紅冠啄木鳥
14
The red-cockaded woodpecker is a woodpecker species endemic to the southeastern United
States. It is one of the most beautiful types of woodpeckers in the world. The diet of the bird
species feeds on ants, beetles, cockroaches, caterpillars, wood-boring insects, and spiders.
紅冠啄木鳥 是美國東南部特有的啄木鳥物種。是世界上最美麗的啄木鳥之一。主要以螞蟻、甲
蟲、蟑螂、毛毛蟲、蛀木昆蟲和蜘蛛為食。

31. The nesting season of the bird runs from April to late June and it lays an
average of one to five eggs per season. The average lifespan of a red-
cockaded woodpecker is up to 12 years in the wild.
紅冠啄木鳥的築巢季節為 4 月持續到 6 月下旬，每季平均產下 1~5 個蛋。紅
冠啄木鳥 在野外平均壽命可達 12 年。

32. Image Source: Kurayba
Black-Backed Woodpecker
黑背啄木鳥
15
The black-backed woodpecker is medium-sized woodpeckers species mostly seen in the
forests of North America. It is also known as the Arctic three-toed woodpecker described by
the English naturalist William John Swainson in the year 1832.
黑背啄木鳥 是一種中型啄木鳥，主要出現在北美的森林中。它是 英國博物學家 威廉•約翰•
斯溫森 於 1832 年描述的「北極三趾啄木鳥」。

33. Creator: Laura Erickson
Talking about its appearance, the plumage of the bird species is black on the head, back, wings
and rump. The tail and white outer feathers are white in color. It can grow up to 9.1 inches in
length and weight between 2.1 to 3.1 oz. The average lifespan of the species is between 6 to 8
years in the wild.
該鳥的外觀，頭部、背部、翅膀和臀部的羽毛都是黑色的。尾巴和外層羽毛為白色。黑背啄木鳥
可以長到 9.1 英寸長，重量在 2.1~3.1 盎司之間。該物種的平均壽命在野外為 6~8 年。

34. Arizona Woodpecker
亞利桑那啄木鳥
16
The Arizona woodpecker is one of the most amazing types of woodpeckers in the world. Native
to the region of Southern Arizona, New Mexico, and the Sierra Madre Occidental of western
Mexico. It loves to thrive at an elevation of 4,000 to 8,000 ft in mountains in Mexico.
亞利桑那啄木鳥 是世界上最神奇的啄木鳥之一。原產於美國亞利桑那州南部、新墨西哥州和墨西
哥西部的西馬德雷山脈地區。它喜歡在墨西哥海拔 4,000 ~ 8,000 英尺的山區繁衍生息。

35. Female 雌性 Female 雌性
Image Source: Wikimedia
There is red patch on the nape of the head of males. The diet of the species includes
insects and beetle Larvae. It can grow between 7 to 8 inches in length and weight
between 1.2 to 1.8 oz. The lifespan in the wild is unknown but in captivity, it is up to
10 years.
雄性頭上有紅色斑塊。該物種的主食包括昆蟲和甲蟲的幼蟲。長度可以長到 7~8 英寸，
重量 1.2~1.8 盎司之間。在野外的壽命未知，但人工飼養的壽命可達 10 年。