Marin Headlands Guidebook

1. By Matti,Harish,Nate,and Alex

2. Ripgut Brome By Alex
Ripgut Grass:Bromus diandrus: Reproduces by seed
only.Seed can live up to 5 years and comes off
March to June.The seeds look reddish,purple tips, awns can go up to 2 inches
long.A single plants can produce a thousand seeds.Cows will eat the leaves
when they are still tender and they aren't pointy yet.It is native to parts of
Europe.Lives in roadsides,fields,And forests.1 to 2 inches long. The individual
flowers have tiny, rough teeth that can injure livestock and pets.In the top right
corner is a ripgut brome swaying in the wind.

3. Lupine by Nate
The Lupine plant is a colorful flower that looks similar to the Indigo plant.
They come in all sorts of colors like purple, pink, and yellow. The Lu[pine
is part of the Wildflower family. There is about 200 types of Lupines.
They grow all across the United States. From California to Maine.
The Lupine flower can mostly be found and thrive in prairie areas and open fields.
● The Lupine’s scientific name is Lupinus Polyphyllus
● The Lupine is about 12-16 inches tall.
● The Lupine’s center stalk is about 4-10 inches tall.

4. Turkey vulture by Matti
The Turkey Vulture is a kind of the family of New World Vultures.
They are not endangered and have the greatest area of ​​distribution of New World Vultures.
It is almost completely black, has broad wings, a long, rounded tail and a small, featherless red head.
It can be as high as 64 to 76 cm (2 to 3 feet) and can weigh about 850-2000 grams. The wingspan is
about 1.8 to 2 meters (6 to 7 feet). Males and females are equal in size.
Turkey Vultures lay two eggs but not in nests. Instead they lay their eggs on the ground, in caves, on cliff projections or between rocks.
Its two eggs are incubated 38-41 days. After 70-80 days, the young white feathered birds leaf their nest.
Turkey Vultures goes hunting alone or in a small group. He kills smaller animals and is primarily dependent on carrion.
Due to their strong sense of smell, they can smell carrion from the air. Several days old carrion is ignored, the fresh carrion is preferred. Often
they are the first vulture on the carcass of a dead animal. Then Raven vultures and large yellow-headed vultures drive them away and the
Turkey Vultures eat the remainders later.
Turkey Vultures live in North-, Central- and South America. They leave their northern habitat in winter and pull through Central America to
northern South America.

5. Peregrine falcon by Alex
Peregrine Falcon:Falco peregrinus:Fastest hawk,
Males are smaller than Females.Adults are blue and
gray on their back with a dark head.Long pointed
wings and long tail.Feed on shorebirds,and ducks.
They are seen all over America but more common around the coasts.Used to
be endangered but made major comeback when DDT was banned.Bird and a
Carnivore.Life span in wild up to 17.Body is 14-15 inches and the wingspan is
3.3 feet to 3.6 feet and it is also 18.8 to 56.5 ounces.They can go so fast they
can go faster than 200 miles when diving.One of world's most common
carnivorus bird.Can even be found in tundra and deserts.Name means
wanderer.Fastest bird in the world and fastest recorded speed is 242 miles per
hour.In the top right corner is a peregrine falcon guarding it’s food

6. Red Tailed Hawk by Nate
The Red Tailed Hawk is one of the most common hawks
in the world. They are also large birds with a brownish
reddish tail. They usually fly in open fields turning slowly in
circles. They almost always have their eyes on the ground looking for voles or rabbits. They are
also called Buzzard Hawks or Red Hawks. This bird is a carnivore and it can live to 21 years unless
someone kills him/her. The Red Tailed Hawk’s body can be 18 to 26 inches and its wingspan can be
38 to 43 inches. It can weigh 24.3 to 51.5 ounces.
● They have very broad and rounded wings.
● Their tail is wide and short.
● They have heavy wingbeats and they attack in a slow accurate dive legs outstretched.
● The Red Tailed Hawk’s scientific name is Buteo Jamaicensis.
● The Red Tailed Hawk was first founded in Jamaica.

7. Cooper hawk by Harish
cooper hawks are found in forested areas up to 3,000 feet.Young Female broods
young during first 2 weeks after they hatch; male brings food, gives it to female at
perch near nest, and she feeds it to young. Young may climb about in nest tree
after about 4 weeks, can fly at about 4-5 weeks.Diet Mostly birds and small mammals. Feeds mainly on medium-
sized birds, in the size range of robins, jays, flickers, also on larger and smaller birds. Also eats many small
mammals, such as chipmunks, tree squirrels, ground squirrels, mice, bats. Sometimes eats reptiles,
insects.Nesting
In courtship (and occasionally at other times), both sexes may fly over territory with slow, exaggerated wing beats.
Male feeds female for up to a month before she begins laying eggs. Nest site is in tree, either deciduous or
coniferous, usually 25-50' above ground. Often placed on top of some pre-existing foundation, such as old nest of
large bird or squirrel, or clump of mistletoe. Nest (probably built by both sexes) is bulky structure of sticks, lined
with softer material such as strips of bark..

8. Merlin by Matti
The Merlin is a bird of prey in the group of the falcon-like.
The male birds are regarded as the smallest falcon in Europe.
The Merlin is a breeding bird of the cold regions of northern asia and North America:
Iceland, Great Britain, eastern Siberia, Alaska, Canada and North America. In Europe, the Merlin inhabited bogs, heaths, forest
tundra and dwarf shrub areas inhabited. You can see him also in birch forests and treeless coastline.
The Merlin’s incubation period is depending on the area of living. Further south, merlin breed as early as the beginning of April and
further north the breeding begins only by the end of May or even early June.
Merlins just raise one baby per year. They lay eggs in treeless bogs, grasslands and dunes, depending on what they can find. The
brood nest is built on the ground. Merlins lay 5-6 eggs, sometimes even 7 eggs. The eggs have a smooth surface and usually a
dull lackluster color.
The eggs are incubated by the female for about 28 to 32 days.
The females take part in feeding the young birds only a few days before they start flying. After 25-30 days of live the young leave
the nest for the first time. At first they just fly near around the nest and after 6 weeks they are trained and independent.
Merlin is mainly feeding on little birds up to the throttle beating them in the air in the so-called steep shock or game flight.
Merlins flight is as fast and agile as the sparrowhawks. Unlike this hawk Merlins do not hunt in urban areas. Not airworthy young
birds and larger insects such as flies, beetles and bees are chased by the Merlin especially during the breeding season. Prey is
plucked in the open fields.

9. Douglas iris by Matti
Douglas Iris
Douglas Iris or Iris Douglasiana is a knee-high plant. From April to June
they blossom with 2-3 cream to purple colored flowers on their stems.
Each stem is 1 cm thick, 1-2 feet high and is surrounded by many equally long leafs that are 2 cm wide.
The Douglas Iris is originally from Santa Barbara in California. As a wild plant it is often found in the coastal regions of
northern and central California and southern Oregon in the United States. It grows well in sunny areas and along the
shore and particularly well on soils of clay or very nutrient-rich soils. This Iris grows primarily in lower overall heights up
to 100 meters; however sometimes it is seen in heights of 1,000 meters.

10. Northern Harrier hawk by
Harish
The northern harrier’s diet varies on location and season,
includes small mammals,birds,insects and carrion during the
winter.Circus cyaneus (Northern harrier) is a distinctive hawk
with long wings and tail, as well as a face like an owl with keen
hearing.Their nests are on the ground, dense field,marshes, and shallow
water, lined with grass,weeds, and sticks. Young: Female remains with
young most of time at first; male brings food and delivers it to female,
who feeds it to young. After young are about 2 weeks old, female does
much of the hunting for them.

11. California poppy by Alex
California Poppy:Eschscholzia californica:On march 2,1903
it became the California state flower.Early spanish settlers called it copa de oro
which means cup of gold.Commonly seen from spring to summer.It can be
seen from western Oregon to California. A naturalist on a russian ship found
and named the species named after the ships surgeon.Seeds will germinate
when the around the first rain of fall comes or warm soil in the spring.No extra
water is needed except if you have a dry year.Up in the top right corner is a
poppy posing for a picture.

12. Wild Rye by Nate
The Wild Rye is a type of grass and can live in any condition. But live the
best in places with good soil and a lot of moisture. One type of Wild Rye
that lives in California is the Blue Wild Rye. The Blue Wild Rye can be
found all over the United States of America. It ‘s good for river bank
restoration, animals, and the environment.
● Blue Wild Rye is very tolerant to fires
● Some of their habitats are open fields, woodlands, forests, praries, and charparrels
● It can grow up to five feet
● the leaf blades are 2-5 inches long

13. Fox tail by Harish
foxtails habitats are roadsides,ditch bank,feld,pastures,cropland,orchards,vineyard,gardens,and others
stof.
seedling:there are stuck to the ground.
mature plant: foxtail blades are up to 4 to 15 inches.

14. Mission blue butterfly by Alex
Mission Blue Butterfly:Icaricia icarioides missionensis:Endangered,wingspan is
1 to 1.5 inches.Male wings are blue and lavender.Female are blue and dark
brown.Adults drink nectar from buckwheat, golden asters, wild
hyacinths.Caterpillars eat specifically lupine.Live in coastal and grassland
regions.Each lives about 1 week.Can be seen around March to early
June.Females lay eggs on lupine so when they hatch after 4-7 weeks they can
start eating.Then they crawl into the base of the lupine and then become
pupa.When they crawl out and become a caterpillar again they give off a liquid
called honeydew that attracts ants and then ants protect them from predators
like wasps and rodents.Some live in the golden gate national recreation area in
the MARIN HEADLANDS.Most live on san bruno mountain.In the top right
corner the mission blue butterfly is pollinating the flower.

15. Yarrow by Matti
YARROW
The yarrow is originally from Asia, Europe and North America.
In New Mexico its name is Plumajillo because of its leafs and texture,
that is spanish and means “little feather”.
In antiquity the yarrow was a cure because it helps to stop bleeding.
The yarrow grows in many places but not in Colorado and the Mojava desert of California. It
grows in valleys and mountains up to 1000 feet.
The plant has many stems that can be as thick as half an inch. The leafs stick evenly onto the
stem and can be 2 - 8 inches long. The bigger leafs sit in the middle of the stem or at its lower
end.
The yarrow can produce 43.000 plants per hectare. 15 to 40 tiny blossoms grow in groups and

16. Wild Oats by Nate
The Wild Oat weed is a member of the grass family.
The California Wild Oat
scientific name is Danthonia Californica.
The wild oat’s scientific name is
Avena Sativa. There are bunch of different species of Wild Oat through the
United States of America. The California Wild Oat is one of the many species
of Wild Oat.
● Can be 30-36 inches tall rarely some are 40 inches tall
● Can live in cold temperatures as below to 30 degrees Fahrenheit
● Can live in hot temperatures as high as 116 degrees Fahrenheit

17. Poison Hemlocks By Harish
Poison hemlock are very toxic so don’t touch them.
Poison hemlocks grows in America.

18. citations
1.A Mission Blue Butterfly Pollinating a Flower. Digital image.Http://www.parksconservancy.org/. Web.
2.Poison Hemlock Standing Still. Digital image. Web.
3.A Red Tailed Hawk Capturing His Prey. Digital image.Https://www.flickr.com/photos/aditi the
stargazer/6137197903/in/photostream/. Web.
4.Northern Harrier Flying. Digital image. Web.
5.Copper Hawk Looking around. Digital image. Web.

19. Alex’s Bibliography
1.http://www.parksconservancy.org/conservation/plants-animals/endangered-species/mission-blue-butterfly.html
1.A Mission Blue Butterfly Pollinating a Flower. Digital image.<http://www.parksconservancy.org/conservation/plants-
animals/endangered-species/mission-blue-butterfly.html Web.
2.http://www.cal-ipc.org/ip/management/wwh/pdf/19652.pdf
2."Cal-IPC: California Invasive Plant Council Home." Cal-IPC: California Invasive Plant Council Home. Web. 19 Mar. 2015. <http://www.cal-
ipc.org>.
3.http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/WEEDS/ripgut_brome.html
3."Ripgut Brome (Bromus Diandrus)." Weed Gallery: Ripgut Brome--UC IPM. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
<http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/WEEDS/ripgut_brome.html>.
4.A Ripgut Brome Swaying Gently in the Wind. Digital image. Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromus. Web.
5.A California Poppy Posing for a Picture. Digital image.
Http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bright_Orange_California_Poppy.jpg. Web.
6."Peregrine Falcon." , Identification, All About Birds. Web. 18 Mar. 2015.
<http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Peregrine_Falcon/id>.
7."California Poppy." California Poppy. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Plants/California-Poppy.
8."Kids' Species Information, Mission Blue Butterfly." Kids' Species Information, Mission Blue Butterfly. Web. 27 Mar. 2015.
<http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es_kids/Mission-Blue-Butterfly/es_kids_mission-blue-butterfly.htm>.
9."Plant of the Week." California Poppy. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-
week/eschscholzia_californica.shtml>.

20. Alex’s Bibliography continued
10."Peregrine Falcons, Peregrine Falcon Pictures, Peregrine Falcon Facts - National Geographic." National Geographic. Web. 18
Mar. 2015. <http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/peregrine-falcon/>
11.A Peregrine Falcon Defending It's Captured Food. Digital image. Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_falcon. Web.

21. Nate’s Bibliography
1.https://www.flickr.com/photos/aditithestargazer/6137197903/
2.http://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_elgl.pdf
3.http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/red-tailed-hawk/
4.www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Red-tailed_Hawk/id
5.3.A Red Tailed Hawk Capturing His Prey. Digital image.Https://www.flickr.com/photos/aditi the
stargazer/6137197903/in/photostream/. Web.
6.http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Barley_and_wild_oats_near_D'Arcy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1460954.jpg
7.Richardson, MJ. File:Barley and Wild Oats near D'Arcy - Geograph.org.uk - 1460954.jpg. Digital image. Wikimedia Commons.
27 Aug. 2009. Web.
8.https://www.flickr.com/photos/olive oligarchy/7243641782/
9.Scrophularia Californica (California Bee Plant), Eriophyllum Staechadifolium (lizard Tail/coast Woolly Sunflower), Elymus
Glaucus (blue Wildrye), and Stipa Pulchra (purple Needlegrass) Growing on the Coastal Bluff. Digital image.
Https://www.flickr.com. 20 May 2012. Web.
10.https://www.flickr.com/photos/candiedwomanire/11925266/
11.Endico, Dawn. Miniature Lupine. Digital image. Https://www.flickr.com. 1 May 2005. Web.

22. Matti’s Bibliography

23. Harish’s Bibliography
1.750 × 501 - ejphoto.com
2.720 × 475 - billhubick.com