The document summarizes the selection of priority value chains for a climate-friendly agribusiness project in Lao PDR. Rice and vegetables were selected based on 14 criteria in two categories: farmer inclusion/sustainability and value chain structure. For rice, strengths included potential outreach to farmers, increased incomes, and alignment with government priorities. Weaknesses included environmental impacts of production methods. For vegetables, strengths were income potential from domestic and export markets and social inclusion of women. The analysis found potential to improve post-harvest handling and market access for both commodities.
The document proposes a new model to increase agricultural productivity in India state-wise. It outlines challenges like inadequate adoption of modern practices, inefficient storage leading to 40% spoilage, over-reliance on groundwater, and financial exclusion of small farmers. The model's objectives are sustainable rural growth, world-class supply chain infrastructure to reduce waste, and promoting small to large agro-industries. The approach includes a new agricultural organization at state, district, and sub-district levels to partner with the private sector, develop irrigation and food parks, provide farmers assistance, and manage exports.
Sunrise 2.0 Case Study: Unilever’s Inclusive Tomato Supply Chain in IndiaOxfam GB
1. The case study describes Unilever's inclusive tomato supply chain partnership in India with smallholder farmers, the processor Varun Agro, and Bayer CropScience.
2. The partnership aims to source tomatoes domestically and sustainably through contract farming with smallholders, providing access to training, inputs and fair prices.
3. Key factors in its success include clear strategies and commitments from all partners, transparency, trust-based relationships, and a supportive policy environment from the Government of Maharashtra.
Post Harvest Solutions for Cambodia's Rice FarmersEric Stryson
$6,000
$8,000
Field Experts
(3)
Provide technical training and extension services
Monitor crop quality and yields
Support CDO in community outreach
$4,000 each
Dryer/Storage
Operators (7)
Operate and maintain drying and storage facilities
Ensure quality standards are met
$3,000 each
Truck Drivers
(2)
Transport paddy and rice
$2,400 each
Salaries benchmarked against local market rates to attract and retain talent
25
A Policy Study on Vegetable Subsector in CambodiaExternalEvents
This document summarizes a study on the vegetable subsector in Cambodia, with a focus on smallholder farmers. It outlines the study methodology, current situation of vegetable production, and key constraints faced by smallholder farmers. The main constraints include lack of market knowledge and coping strategies for price fluctuations, high prevalence of pests and diseases, limited irrigation access, lack of labor, and limited production knowledge. The document recommends policies to address these constraints and associated risks in production, health, and markets faced by smallholder vegetable farmers.
This document provides a preliminary report on the organic rice post-harvest value chain in Sangthong District, Lao PDR. It describes the research methodology, which involved surveys of 197 organic rice farmers, 4 millers, and 2 food manufacturers. The report then summarizes the key outcomes of the research, including an overview of Sangthong District, the history and status of organic rice projects in the area, details of the organic rice post-harvest supply chain, issues around grain quality payments, and recommendations to improve post-harvest practices and value chain development.
This document proposes an "Integrated Corporate and Cooperative System" to address issues facing Indian agriculture. It would create agricultural management systems based on corporate and cooperative models. This would reduce intermediaries, increase production and incomes, and create transparent distribution networks. Key elements include resource management through scientific practices and cooperatives, farmer training and skills development, and providing entrepreneurship opportunities to create a balanced economy. The system aims to be scalable, sustainable, and improve livelihoods through increased incomes, storage, and transport quality while reducing environmental impacts. Challenges include land laws and risk/failure of policies, though modern techniques, education, and integrating programs could help overcome issues.
The document outlines Cambodia's agricultural transformation over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key changes include increased productivity, expansion of rice milling, changing labor patterns, and infrastructure growth. Driving forces were policy reforms, investment, technology adoption, and higher food prices. Sustaining growth requires improving the business environment, public-private partnerships, skills development, and strategic national programs. The diagnostic study will analyze four commodities across regions using surveys, focus groups, and comparing to a previous study to inform Cambodia's agricultural roadmap.
The document proposes a new model to increase agricultural productivity in India state-wise. It outlines challenges like inadequate adoption of modern practices, inefficient storage leading to 40% spoilage, over-reliance on groundwater, and financial exclusion of small farmers. The model's objectives are sustainable rural growth, world-class supply chain infrastructure to reduce waste, and promoting small to large agro-industries. The approach includes a new agricultural organization at state, district, and sub-district levels to partner with the private sector, develop irrigation and food parks, provide farmers assistance, and manage exports.
Sunrise 2.0 Case Study: Unilever’s Inclusive Tomato Supply Chain in IndiaOxfam GB
1. The case study describes Unilever's inclusive tomato supply chain partnership in India with smallholder farmers, the processor Varun Agro, and Bayer CropScience.
2. The partnership aims to source tomatoes domestically and sustainably through contract farming with smallholders, providing access to training, inputs and fair prices.
3. Key factors in its success include clear strategies and commitments from all partners, transparency, trust-based relationships, and a supportive policy environment from the Government of Maharashtra.
Post Harvest Solutions for Cambodia's Rice FarmersEric Stryson
$6,000
$8,000
Field Experts
(3)
Provide technical training and extension services
Monitor crop quality and yields
Support CDO in community outreach
$4,000 each
Dryer/Storage
Operators (7)
Operate and maintain drying and storage facilities
Ensure quality standards are met
$3,000 each
Truck Drivers
(2)
Transport paddy and rice
$2,400 each
Salaries benchmarked against local market rates to attract and retain talent
25
A Policy Study on Vegetable Subsector in CambodiaExternalEvents
This document summarizes a study on the vegetable subsector in Cambodia, with a focus on smallholder farmers. It outlines the study methodology, current situation of vegetable production, and key constraints faced by smallholder farmers. The main constraints include lack of market knowledge and coping strategies for price fluctuations, high prevalence of pests and diseases, limited irrigation access, lack of labor, and limited production knowledge. The document recommends policies to address these constraints and associated risks in production, health, and markets faced by smallholder vegetable farmers.
This document provides a preliminary report on the organic rice post-harvest value chain in Sangthong District, Lao PDR. It describes the research methodology, which involved surveys of 197 organic rice farmers, 4 millers, and 2 food manufacturers. The report then summarizes the key outcomes of the research, including an overview of Sangthong District, the history and status of organic rice projects in the area, details of the organic rice post-harvest supply chain, issues around grain quality payments, and recommendations to improve post-harvest practices and value chain development.
This document proposes an "Integrated Corporate and Cooperative System" to address issues facing Indian agriculture. It would create agricultural management systems based on corporate and cooperative models. This would reduce intermediaries, increase production and incomes, and create transparent distribution networks. Key elements include resource management through scientific practices and cooperatives, farmer training and skills development, and providing entrepreneurship opportunities to create a balanced economy. The system aims to be scalable, sustainable, and improve livelihoods through increased incomes, storage, and transport quality while reducing environmental impacts. Challenges include land laws and risk/failure of policies, though modern techniques, education, and integrating programs could help overcome issues.
The document outlines Cambodia's agricultural transformation over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key changes include increased productivity, expansion of rice milling, changing labor patterns, and infrastructure growth. Driving forces were policy reforms, investment, technology adoption, and higher food prices. Sustaining growth requires improving the business environment, public-private partnerships, skills development, and strategic national programs. The diagnostic study will analyze four commodities across regions using surveys, focus groups, and comparing to a previous study to inform Cambodia's agricultural roadmap.
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with the Ministry of Agricultural Development, Government of Nepal, and Institute for Integrated Development Studies (IIDS), and Federation of the Nepal Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FNCCI), organized a two day workshop on ‘Best Practices in Contract Farming: Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal’ on 10-11 February 2015 in Kathmandu, Nepal.
IFPRI is engaged in Policy Reform Initiative in Nepal with overall goal to reform agriculture sector for accelerating agricultural growth and enhancing farm incomes. In view of large number of smallholdings in Nepal, contract farming is envisaged as one of the strategies to increase their incomes by linking them with remunerative domestic and global markets. At present, contract farming in Nepal is at its infancy and needs to be popularized. This would require enabling polices and appropriate institutional arrangements. The main aim of the workshop is to learn lessons from the best practices in neighboring countries to address the multi-faceted challenges and opportunities in promoting and up scaling pro-smallholder contract farming in Nepal.
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with the Ministry of Agricultural Development, Government of Nepal, and Institute for Integrated Development Studies (IIDS), and Federation of the Nepal Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FNCCI), organized a two day workshop on ‘Best Practices in Contract Farming: Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal’ on 10-11 February 2015 in Kathmandu, Nepal.
IFPRI is engaged in Policy Reform Initiative in Nepal with overall goal to reform agriculture sector for accelerating agricultural growth and enhancing farm incomes. In view of large number of smallholdings in Nepal, contract farming is envisaged as one of the strategies to increase their incomes by linking them with remunerative domestic and global markets. At present, contract farming in Nepal is at its infancy and needs to be popularized. This would require enabling polices and appropriate institutional arrangements. The main aim of the workshop is to learn lessons from the best practices in neighboring countries to address the multi-faceted challenges and opportunities in promoting and up scaling pro-smallholder contract farming in Nepal.
This document discusses issues and solutions related to agriculture in Cambodia. Some key issues discussed include low literacy levels among farmers, lack of expertise to monitor farmers, difficulty reaching widely spread farms, and farmers' reluctance to change. Suggested solutions include providing education and training to farmers on practices like integrated pest management; increasing farm mechanization; conducting agricultural research; developing the rice export market; improving irrigation, credit access, and transportation infrastructure; and prioritizing farm credit systems and land titling programs. The conclusion emphasizes sustainably expanding irrigation and learning from past mistakes in managing irrigation systems.
Introduction of orange flesh sweet potato in aquatic agricultural systems val...WorldFish
Presented by WorldFish scientist Sonia Allauca recently at the 'Value Chain Study Results Presentation and Strategy Formulation', held at the BRAC Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh, on the 12th and 13th of November. It was later presented at the 'Sweetpotato Value Chain Strategy as a core component of nutrition promotion and women enterprise development', which was held from the 11th to the 13th of February, 2013, in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Emerging models to drive rice intensification in West Africa
1) Rice demand is exploding in West Africa due to population growth, but current smallholder systems lack efficiency in production and market access.
2) The Syngenta Foundation aims to integrate smallholders into functioning rice value chains through projects providing access to inputs, equipment, and markets.
3) Example projects in Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Senegal involve thousands of smallholders in contract farming and warrantage models with a focus on improved production, post-harvest handling, and market linkages.
The document discusses increasing genetic gains in farmers' fields in Africa through public sector crop breeding programs. It notes that current rates of genetic gain achieved by these programs are suboptimal. The key points are:
1. Genetic gain is measured as the annual increase in productivity due to breeding, but is difficult to measure directly in farmers' fields. Estimates suggest average genetic gains of around 0.3% per year for maize in Africa.
2. Higher genetic gains over the long term can transform agriculture by providing steady improvements, effective climate adaptation, and reduced environmental impacts. However, rates of 1-2% per year are needed to have significant impacts.
3. To increase genetic gains, public breeding
Social Business Model for Agricultural Services Mobile Platform, Philippines,...Eric Stryson
Participants on GIFT's 30th Global Young Leaders Programme (YLP), in partnership with IRRI - International Rice Research Institute, proposed a new business model to provide an information services platform for rice farmers in the Philippines and elsewhere.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
This document proposes a value delivery network model to improve agricultural productivity in India. It discusses the current challenges facing Indian agriculture such as declining GDP contribution and employment in agriculture. It then outlines the proposed model which would establish zonal committees to oversee regions classified based on soil type and water availability. Villages would be organized into zones monitored by zonal officers. The model aims to increase farmer incomes and empowerment through better access to technology, markets, resources and knowledge. It discusses implementation challenges and expected outcomes like increased production and rural employment.
The document discusses the groundnut value chain in Malawi, outlining challenges and opportunities for research. It notes that groundnuts are an important legume crop grown by smallholder farmers but face production challenges like erratic rainfall and lack of quality seeds. Post-harvest issues include inefficient harvesting and storage methods that increase losses. Marketing is constrained by poor infrastructure and quality standards. The document recommends further research on topics like reducing post-harvest losses through value addition, controlling aflatoxin levels, and improving farmers' access to markets.
Feeds and forage research and development under SIMLESA project: Achievements...africa-rising
Presented by Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel, Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih and Peter Thorne, ILRI, at the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
This document outlines Kenya Agricultural Research Institute's adoption of an agricultural products value chain (APVC) approach to potato and sweet potato research in Kenya. It discusses conducting analyses of the potato and sweet potato sub-sectors to identify and prioritize potential value chains. The sweet potato and potato value chains are then analyzed in more detail to identify constraints and opportunities. The document proposes developing innovation platforms to bring together value chain actors to address challenges and drive the sectors forward in a collaborative manner. The overall aim is to shift research from a production focus to a more market-oriented approach centered around farmers' and consumers' needs.
MLE as a market ward orientation of agriculture through extension includes agriculture and economics and is the perfect blend for reaching at the door steps of farming community with the help of appropriate technology.
Noosa beef local food value chain project reference group meeting 1Dr Brian Stockwell
Background information on consumer attitudes and preferences in regard to local food, beef, branding and certification. Scenarios for beef production in Noosa District.
The document summarizes a desk review of Zambia's groundnut value chain. It finds that while groundnut production and area planted have increased since 2007, yields remain low. Exports have declined due to aflatoxin issues and changing tastes. Key challenges include low productivity, aflatoxin control, and limited certified seed. Opportunities lie in favorable growing conditions and high domestic/export demand. Recommendations include breeding/multiplying certified seeds, developing agro-processing, research into technologies/value addition, and addressing high finance costs.
This document summarizes a value chain analysis of the liquid milk and feed industries in Wolmera District, Ethiopia. It finds that dairy farming is an important livelihood and the district has suitable conditions for dairy production. There are several market outlets for raw milk, including cooperatives, processors, and private traders. Constraints along the milk value chain include high feed costs, low cattle productivity, and poor infrastructure. Opportunities include growing demand, emerging processors, and government support. The analysis also examines the feed value chain and identifies constraints like high prices and issues with production, processing, marketing and consumption. It concludes that the tool used mixed dairy and feed instead of studying them separately, and that more time is needed for effective
This document discusses market-led extension and its importance for farmers in India. It begins by noting that as markets have globalized, farmers need to sell to wider markets beyond their local areas. It then discusses how the organization MANAGE began promoting the concept of "market-led extension" through workshops in 2001.
The key aspects of market-led extension are identified as having a market orientation, including both agriculture and economics considerations, and providing the perfect blend of reaching farmers with appropriate technologies. Reasons for adopting a market-led approach include addressing input, efficacy, credibility and structural crises in the existing extension system. The document outlines paradigmatic shifts needed from a production-led to market-led focus. Various models
The document summarizes the PAEPARD II program, which aims to build more equitable and demand-driven partnerships between African and European stakeholders in agricultural research for development. It discusses problems with previous approaches and solutions PAEPARD II will bring, such as more inclusive partnerships across sectors and countries. The objectives are outlined, and achievements so far include multi-stakeholder consultations and launching partnership calls. Selected consortia covering topics like livestock, aquaculture, and aflatoxins are presented for different African regions. Progress updates are provided for partnerships utilizing a new user-led process to identify research priorities.
This document summarizes the achievements, lessons learned, challenges, and gaps from Phase II of the Tropical Legumes II Project. Key achievements include the release of 129 new varieties of six legume crops, training of scientists, and production of over 250,000 tons of seed. Lessons highlight the importance of partnerships, seed systems approaches like community seed banks, and policies supporting the seed industry. Remaining challenges include strengthening national breeding programs and seed production capacity. Gaps include improving variety adoption, linking seed systems to markets, and ensuring continuous seed supply during droughts.
1. The document discusses agro-processing industries in India and their importance in the economy. It notes that agro-processing can help generate employment, improve rural incomes, and make India a major global player in processed foods and other agricultural products.
2. However, agro-processing in India remains underdeveloped, with only 3% of the workforce employed in the sector compared to 14% in developed countries. There are also regional disparities and constraints that have prevented balanced development.
3. The document examines issues that need to be addressed to promote growth of agro-processing industries, such as improving farmers' productivity and industry efficiency, increasing capacity utilization, developing organized markets and supply chains, and creating food
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with the Ministry of Agricultural Development, Government of Nepal, and Institute for Integrated Development Studies (IIDS), and Federation of the Nepal Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FNCCI), organized a two day workshop on ‘Best Practices in Contract Farming: Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal’ on 10-11 February 2015 in Kathmandu, Nepal.
IFPRI is engaged in Policy Reform Initiative in Nepal with overall goal to reform agriculture sector for accelerating agricultural growth and enhancing farm incomes. In view of large number of smallholdings in Nepal, contract farming is envisaged as one of the strategies to increase their incomes by linking them with remunerative domestic and global markets. At present, contract farming in Nepal is at its infancy and needs to be popularized. This would require enabling polices and appropriate institutional arrangements. The main aim of the workshop is to learn lessons from the best practices in neighboring countries to address the multi-faceted challenges and opportunities in promoting and up scaling pro-smallholder contract farming in Nepal.
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with the Ministry of Agricultural Development, Government of Nepal, and Institute for Integrated Development Studies (IIDS), and Federation of the Nepal Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FNCCI), organized a two day workshop on ‘Best Practices in Contract Farming: Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal’ on 10-11 February 2015 in Kathmandu, Nepal.
IFPRI is engaged in Policy Reform Initiative in Nepal with overall goal to reform agriculture sector for accelerating agricultural growth and enhancing farm incomes. In view of large number of smallholdings in Nepal, contract farming is envisaged as one of the strategies to increase their incomes by linking them with remunerative domestic and global markets. At present, contract farming in Nepal is at its infancy and needs to be popularized. This would require enabling polices and appropriate institutional arrangements. The main aim of the workshop is to learn lessons from the best practices in neighboring countries to address the multi-faceted challenges and opportunities in promoting and up scaling pro-smallholder contract farming in Nepal.
This document discusses issues and solutions related to agriculture in Cambodia. Some key issues discussed include low literacy levels among farmers, lack of expertise to monitor farmers, difficulty reaching widely spread farms, and farmers' reluctance to change. Suggested solutions include providing education and training to farmers on practices like integrated pest management; increasing farm mechanization; conducting agricultural research; developing the rice export market; improving irrigation, credit access, and transportation infrastructure; and prioritizing farm credit systems and land titling programs. The conclusion emphasizes sustainably expanding irrigation and learning from past mistakes in managing irrigation systems.
Introduction of orange flesh sweet potato in aquatic agricultural systems val...WorldFish
Presented by WorldFish scientist Sonia Allauca recently at the 'Value Chain Study Results Presentation and Strategy Formulation', held at the BRAC Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh, on the 12th and 13th of November. It was later presented at the 'Sweetpotato Value Chain Strategy as a core component of nutrition promotion and women enterprise development', which was held from the 11th to the 13th of February, 2013, in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Emerging models to drive rice intensification in West Africa
1) Rice demand is exploding in West Africa due to population growth, but current smallholder systems lack efficiency in production and market access.
2) The Syngenta Foundation aims to integrate smallholders into functioning rice value chains through projects providing access to inputs, equipment, and markets.
3) Example projects in Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Senegal involve thousands of smallholders in contract farming and warrantage models with a focus on improved production, post-harvest handling, and market linkages.
The document discusses increasing genetic gains in farmers' fields in Africa through public sector crop breeding programs. It notes that current rates of genetic gain achieved by these programs are suboptimal. The key points are:
1. Genetic gain is measured as the annual increase in productivity due to breeding, but is difficult to measure directly in farmers' fields. Estimates suggest average genetic gains of around 0.3% per year for maize in Africa.
2. Higher genetic gains over the long term can transform agriculture by providing steady improvements, effective climate adaptation, and reduced environmental impacts. However, rates of 1-2% per year are needed to have significant impacts.
3. To increase genetic gains, public breeding
Social Business Model for Agricultural Services Mobile Platform, Philippines,...Eric Stryson
Participants on GIFT's 30th Global Young Leaders Programme (YLP), in partnership with IRRI - International Rice Research Institute, proposed a new business model to provide an information services platform for rice farmers in the Philippines and elsewhere.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
This document proposes a value delivery network model to improve agricultural productivity in India. It discusses the current challenges facing Indian agriculture such as declining GDP contribution and employment in agriculture. It then outlines the proposed model which would establish zonal committees to oversee regions classified based on soil type and water availability. Villages would be organized into zones monitored by zonal officers. The model aims to increase farmer incomes and empowerment through better access to technology, markets, resources and knowledge. It discusses implementation challenges and expected outcomes like increased production and rural employment.
The document discusses the groundnut value chain in Malawi, outlining challenges and opportunities for research. It notes that groundnuts are an important legume crop grown by smallholder farmers but face production challenges like erratic rainfall and lack of quality seeds. Post-harvest issues include inefficient harvesting and storage methods that increase losses. Marketing is constrained by poor infrastructure and quality standards. The document recommends further research on topics like reducing post-harvest losses through value addition, controlling aflatoxin levels, and improving farmers' access to markets.
Feeds and forage research and development under SIMLESA project: Achievements...africa-rising
Presented by Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel, Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih and Peter Thorne, ILRI, at the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
This document outlines Kenya Agricultural Research Institute's adoption of an agricultural products value chain (APVC) approach to potato and sweet potato research in Kenya. It discusses conducting analyses of the potato and sweet potato sub-sectors to identify and prioritize potential value chains. The sweet potato and potato value chains are then analyzed in more detail to identify constraints and opportunities. The document proposes developing innovation platforms to bring together value chain actors to address challenges and drive the sectors forward in a collaborative manner. The overall aim is to shift research from a production focus to a more market-oriented approach centered around farmers' and consumers' needs.
MLE as a market ward orientation of agriculture through extension includes agriculture and economics and is the perfect blend for reaching at the door steps of farming community with the help of appropriate technology.
Noosa beef local food value chain project reference group meeting 1Dr Brian Stockwell
Background information on consumer attitudes and preferences in regard to local food, beef, branding and certification. Scenarios for beef production in Noosa District.
The document summarizes a desk review of Zambia's groundnut value chain. It finds that while groundnut production and area planted have increased since 2007, yields remain low. Exports have declined due to aflatoxin issues and changing tastes. Key challenges include low productivity, aflatoxin control, and limited certified seed. Opportunities lie in favorable growing conditions and high domestic/export demand. Recommendations include breeding/multiplying certified seeds, developing agro-processing, research into technologies/value addition, and addressing high finance costs.
This document summarizes a value chain analysis of the liquid milk and feed industries in Wolmera District, Ethiopia. It finds that dairy farming is an important livelihood and the district has suitable conditions for dairy production. There are several market outlets for raw milk, including cooperatives, processors, and private traders. Constraints along the milk value chain include high feed costs, low cattle productivity, and poor infrastructure. Opportunities include growing demand, emerging processors, and government support. The analysis also examines the feed value chain and identifies constraints like high prices and issues with production, processing, marketing and consumption. It concludes that the tool used mixed dairy and feed instead of studying them separately, and that more time is needed for effective
This document discusses market-led extension and its importance for farmers in India. It begins by noting that as markets have globalized, farmers need to sell to wider markets beyond their local areas. It then discusses how the organization MANAGE began promoting the concept of "market-led extension" through workshops in 2001.
The key aspects of market-led extension are identified as having a market orientation, including both agriculture and economics considerations, and providing the perfect blend of reaching farmers with appropriate technologies. Reasons for adopting a market-led approach include addressing input, efficacy, credibility and structural crises in the existing extension system. The document outlines paradigmatic shifts needed from a production-led to market-led focus. Various models
The document summarizes the PAEPARD II program, which aims to build more equitable and demand-driven partnerships between African and European stakeholders in agricultural research for development. It discusses problems with previous approaches and solutions PAEPARD II will bring, such as more inclusive partnerships across sectors and countries. The objectives are outlined, and achievements so far include multi-stakeholder consultations and launching partnership calls. Selected consortia covering topics like livestock, aquaculture, and aflatoxins are presented for different African regions. Progress updates are provided for partnerships utilizing a new user-led process to identify research priorities.
This document summarizes the achievements, lessons learned, challenges, and gaps from Phase II of the Tropical Legumes II Project. Key achievements include the release of 129 new varieties of six legume crops, training of scientists, and production of over 250,000 tons of seed. Lessons highlight the importance of partnerships, seed systems approaches like community seed banks, and policies supporting the seed industry. Remaining challenges include strengthening national breeding programs and seed production capacity. Gaps include improving variety adoption, linking seed systems to markets, and ensuring continuous seed supply during droughts.
1. The document discusses agro-processing industries in India and their importance in the economy. It notes that agro-processing can help generate employment, improve rural incomes, and make India a major global player in processed foods and other agricultural products.
2. However, agro-processing in India remains underdeveloped, with only 3% of the workforce employed in the sector compared to 14% in developed countries. There are also regional disparities and constraints that have prevented balanced development.
3. The document examines issues that need to be addressed to promote growth of agro-processing industries, such as improving farmers' productivity and industry efficiency, increasing capacity utilization, developing organized markets and supply chains, and creating food
Contract farming can help increase farmer incomes in India by better linking them to markets and addressing issues like lack of capital, infrastructure, and technical knowledge. Under contract farming, a company agrees to purchase crops from farmers at a predetermined price in exchange for providing inputs, training, and buying the harvest. This benefits both farmers through guaranteed sales and prices, and companies by ensuring supply. However, risks exist like uncertainty in new crops, market changes, or companies not upholding contracts. Future strategies include improving farmer bargaining power and ensuring contracts are participatory and transparent. Case studies show companies partnering with governments and farmers groups have successfully increased crop productivity and farmer incomes through contract farming.
RB-COSOP workshop laos 270416-revised with participants commentsifadseahub
The document outlines IFAD's Country Strategic Opportunities Programme for Lao PDR from 2017 to 2021. It provides context on the country's socioeconomic situation and agriculture sector. Key challenges include climate change, rural poverty, and smallholder farmers' access to opportunities and resources. The strategy will continue supporting smallholder production, inclusive market access, and policy engagement through three strategic objectives. It aims to improve food security and climate-smart agriculture, market access and value chains, and the enabling environment through policy work and capacity building. The strategy was developed through stakeholder consultations and aims to align with national development plans and priorities.
Cooking banana is the main staple crop in Uganda, accounting for 65% of food and 35% of income for smallholders. However, post-harvest losses range from 3-40% due to poor handling, transportation, and pricing issues. This business case proposes reducing these losses and improving marketing through upgrading storage, transport, adopting varieties with longer shelf life, establishing a weight-based pricing system, and staggering production to smooth supply. A cost-benefit analysis found the interventions to be economically viable. The goal is to increase smallholder incomes and supply of cooking bananas in Uganda by 15% and 10% over 10 years.
Cooking banana is the main staple crop in Uganda, accounting for 65% of food and 35% of income for smallholders. However, post-harvest losses range from 3-40% due to poor handling, transportation, and pricing issues. This business case proposes reducing these losses and improving marketing through upgrading storage, transport, adopting varieties with longer shelf life, establishing a weight-based pricing system, and staggering production to smooth supply. A cost-benefit analysis found the interventions to be economically viable. The goal is to increase smallholder incomes and supply of cooking bananas in Uganda by 15% and 10% over 10 years.
Cooking banana is the main staple crop in Uganda, accounting for most of the daily caloric intake. However, post-harvest losses of cooking bananas range from 3-40% due to factors like bruising and theft. This business case proposes reducing these losses and increasing farmer incomes through promoting longer-lasting varieties, staggered harvesting, upgrading storage and transport, and introducing weight-based pricing. A cost-benefit analysis found that these interventions could profitably reduce losses by 10-15% and increase incomes of farmers and other value chain actors by 15% over 10 years, improving food security and livelihoods for hundreds of thousands in Uganda.
Reducing postharvest losses and promoting product differentiation Banana cook...RTBENDURE
Cooking banana is the main staple crop in Uganda, accounting for most of the daily caloric intake. However, post-harvest losses of cooking bananas range from 3-40% due to factors like bruising and spoilage. This business case proposes reducing these losses and improving the cooking banana value chain in Uganda through strategies like promoting longer-shelf life varieties, establishing a weight-based pricing system, and helping farmers space out production to avoid price drops from oversupply. A cost-benefit analysis found that proposed interventions like reducing losses and upgrading storage could increase farmer incomes by 15% and have benefit-cost ratios above 1, indicating economic viability. The goal is to boost incomes for 500,000 farmers and 50,000 other
This document provides background information on a study being conducted by a post-graduate student on the impact of micro warehousing on farmers in Muzaffarpur District, Bihar, India. The study aims to assess farmers' perceptions of warehousing and identify main problems and constraints of implementing warehousing in the district. Warehousing can help reduce post-harvest losses, increase farmers' bargaining power, allow commodities to be used as collateral for loans, and regulate supply fluctuations. However, farmers currently face issues utilizing warehousing. The student will examine perceptions of both users and non-users of ERGOS warehouses to understand challenges and provide recommendations.
The Cambodian economy is heavily dependent on rice farming, which accounts for nearly 1/3 of its total agricultural production and utilises 80 percent of cultivated land. In 2012, only 200,000 tons of paddy, out of 9.3 million tons produced, were officially exported.
Cambodian rice was awarded Best Rice of the Year in 2012 and 2013 at the Rice Trader World Rice Conference. There is high potential for surplus paddy to be processed into quality milled rice for export which would increase the value of harvests to farmers and to contribute to the government’s target: to increase rice exports to 1 million tons by 2015.
The current fragmented rice value chain encourages informal exports of unprocessed paddy to Vietnam and Thailand and a loss of value for the economy. Traditional methods of drying and storage prevent farmers from selling their produce at a higher price during the off season when most millers have 30-40 percent idle capacity. A more consistent supply of quality paddy is needed throughout the year.
To address these issues, 25 executives from BASF and from 17 nationalities travelled to Phnom Penh and Battambang to explore the opportunities to strengthen the post-harvest value chain in the rice sector in Cambodia. After meeting key stakeholders, a compelling new social business was proposed to provide farming communities with professional post-harvest services, quality agricultural inputs and training.
Linking public procurement and sustainable production systems: opportunities ...FAO
This document outlines opportunities for linking public food procurement programs to sustainable agricultural production systems in sub-Saharan Africa. It discusses the potential for public demand to support smallholder farmers through predictable purchases. Case studies from Niger and Senegal show purchases from farmers organizations increased productivity and farmer incomes. However, scaling up poses challenges as enabling policies, services and regulations are also needed to operationalize procurement considering production objectives. While public demand may incentivize sustainable practices, other supports are likely required. The relative size of procurement compared to total supply is also important to consider impacts and tradeoffs between objectives of price and promotion of certain farming methods.
Rice Value Chain Analysis: Rice Seed Production as a Profitable Agribusiness ...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study explored the rice value chain (RVC) in Nueva Ecija, value additions, found restrictions, and offered to upgrade solutions to improve the competitiveness of the rice industry and specific segments in the RVC using the value chain analysis (VCA) methodology. Farmers, paddy dealers, millers, wholesalers, wholesaler-retailers, and retailers in Nueva Ecija provided primary data. Workshops with stakeholders were also held to validate preliminary findings and identify upgrading strategies. The RVC begins with the provision of inputs for paddy production and concludes with the consumption of milled rice. The RVC is dominated by a traditional multi-layered supply chain with interconnected chain actors consisting of competing farmers, paddy traders, millers, and rice traders in each segment and, frequently, with the involvement of brokers in both paddy aggregation and rice distribution, thereby increasing marketing cost. The major constraints identified in the RVC included high production and marketing costs of paddy and rice due to low yield, high labor and material inputs, and a lack of critical infrastructure and market facilities (e.g., modern mills, dryers, cheap transport, and energy), resulting in high domestic paddy and rice prices and low competitiveness of the entire rice VC. To improve competitiveness, the rice industry should focus on developing and promoting yield-increasing, postharvest loss-reducing, and cost-cutting technologies, as well as those that improve overall RVC efficiency, such as investments in enabling infrastructure and facilities for transport, handling, storage, drying, and milling.
FairSmart Agri: Strengthening the Rice Industry in CambodiaEric Stryson
Cambodia is an economic success story after decades of conflict and political unrest. Since 1989, Cambodia has pursued market-oriented reforms and development, leading to some of the most drastic reductions of poverty in the region. Cambodia’s poverty rate fell from 52.2% in 2004 to 20.5% in 2011, vastly exceeding expectations.
According to the World Bank, this was due to better rice prices, better wages for both agricultural and urban workers, and improvements in health and education. However, the World Bank also noted that Cambodia’s poor, while no longer in poverty, remain susceptible to economic shocks.
Development of Cambodia's main industries—agriculture, garments, tourism and construction—led to a strong average growth rate of of 7.67% between 1994 and 2015. Cambodia's principal crop is rice, accounting for 15% of agricultural value added. 75% of Cambodia's cultivated land is used for rice.
Cambodian rice is some of the world’s best. Cambodian rice strains have won the “World’s Best Rice” award from the World Rice Conference three years running.
However, the sector faces competition from high-quality rice from Thailand and cheaper rice from Vietnam. Cambodia’s productivity is far below its competitors: Vietnam can grow about 10-11 tons per hectare, while Cambodia’s average hovers around 3-5 tons.
The GLP uses real-world field projects to hone the practical skills needed to manage diverse teams in unfamiliar situations. Through meetings with government, community and business leaders, and through frank and open discussions amongst themselves, participants learn to navigate conflicting and contradictory views to transform concepts and theories into realities on the ground.
This document discusses the current status of technology and extension in agriculture in India, difficulties, and potential solutions. It notes that while the historical research and extension models successfully increased food production, productivity growth is now declining. The new paradigm must be market-driven and leverage India's resources sustainably. The Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) model decentralized extension and linked farmers to high-value markets through farmer groups. This empowered farmers and strengthened research-extension-farmer-market linkages. The ATMA model showed success by focusing on local market opportunities, capacity building, and public-private partnerships.
And what should we do today? Developing a research-for-development agenda for...ILRI
The document discusses opportunities for livestock research to support development goals in developing countries. It identifies three trajectories for livestock systems - "strong growth", "fragile growth", and "high growth with externalities" - and discusses opportunities within each trajectory. For systems with strong growth, research could focus on sustainable intensification and market access. For fragile systems, research could enhance resilience. For high-growth systems, managing environmental and health risks is a priority. The document advocates for research with stakeholders and a theory of change to achieve impact at scale.
The document discusses opportunities and challenges for value addition and processing of agricultural products in India. It notes that while India is a major producer of many agricultural commodities, it processes less than 2% of its output and wastes a significant portion of crops. The document argues for strategies to increase agro-processing and value addition in India in order to reduce losses, increase incomes, and better utilize agricultural resources.
This document discusses the historical context of agricultural development in India and the need for a new paradigm. It outlines some of the key issues with the previous system such as declining growth rates, falling water tables, and increased dependence on imports. A new framework is proposed that is driven by market demand and links research, farmers, and the private sector. The Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) model is presented as a way to decentralize extension and diversify agriculture in a market-driven way. Some of the key elements of the ATMA model include organizing farmers groups, linking farmers to new markets through contract farming, and taking a bottom-up approach to extension planning. The document analyzes data that shows how the ATMA model has
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The document summarizes the activities of the National Platform for Sustainable Soy (NPSS) in India. Key events discussed include:
1) NPSS organized the Sustainable Soy Week in June 2015 and the National Conference on Sustainable Soy in October 2015 to bring together stakeholders from across the soy sector to discuss sustainability issues and opportunities for collaboration.
2) Over 200 participants representing government, academia, industry, farmers' organizations, and civil society attended the National Conference to identify challenges, solutions, and areas for partnership regarding sustainable soy.
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This document discusses value chain financing as a strategy to enhance growth in India's agriculture sector. It defines key concepts like value chains and supply chains. It also outlines a 3-pronged strategy for value chain financing: 1) Understand the market in-depth, 2) Finance activities along the entire value chain, and 3) Develop strategic partnerships along the chain. The document advocates for financing the entire agricultural value chain from inputs to production to processing and marketing in order to reduce risks and costs compared to isolated financing of individual activities. This integrated approach could boost India's agriculture sector and reduce food waste.
1) The document reports on workshops held in Luang Prabang and Pakse, Laos to improve curriculum for agricultural colleges, focusing on livestock economics and marketing modules.
2) Key activities included assessing module descriptions, handbooks, and teaching methods to make content more practical, skills-based, and relevant to the local context. Spider diagrams were used to evaluate modules.
3) The workshops found that the livestock economics module needed revisions like adding more practical examples, exercises, and ensuring content aligns with desired skills for graduates. Several other livestock modules at the Northern Agriculture and Forestry College were also identified for improvement.
This document provides details of a field mission conducted by project staff to Xiengkhouang province in Laos to assess the Northern Smallholder Livestock Commercialization Project. The mission visited cattle farms, slaughterhouses, markets and held discussions with farmers, investors and provincial officials. Key activities included visiting a Japanese-owned cattle farm, proposed sites for a new slaughterhouse, an existing slaughterhouse, livestock markets, and meeting with cattle farmer groups and traders to understand business models and market systems. The goal was to gather information to help analyze the market structure and identify appropriate interventions to increase incomes for smallholder farmers involved in the project.
The document describes two models of cattle fattening in Laos - in shelters and in pastures. The shelter model involves cutting and carrying improved forages to feed cattle over 3-6 months. Each family can fatten 3-5 heads per year. The pasture model utilizes 10-15 hectares of improved forage areas to fatten cattle over 6 months with less labor. Both models aim to increase cattle weight and profit from sales but the pasture model has challenges with animal health if vaccines and deworming are not regularly applied. The document provides details on market analysis, investment needs, technologies used, and flexibility to climate change for each model.
The document discusses a workshop on market oriented income generation activities held by the SCDP project from March 16-18, 2008. The objectives of the workshop were to select appropriate commodities for production, conduct a rapid market assessment of the selected commodities, and develop a monitoring system. Criteria for selecting commodities included market demand, production potential, access to services and inputs, and contribution to livelihoods and food security. Examples of supported activities by SCDP include cash crops, livestock, NTFPs, and handicrafts. Participatory exercises were used to identify and prioritize appropriate commodities and criteria.
This document analyzes the market system for biotrade products in Laos. It identifies key bottlenecks in production, collection, trading, processing and export of potential biotrade products. These bottlenecks include low compliance with international standards, insufficient quality control, lack of sustainable practices and technological capacity. It also notes few long-term export strategies and limited trade promotion or research. The core market actors identified are farmers/collectors, local traders, processors/exporters and foreign importers. Potential biotrade products are grouped into three categories based on export potential. The analysis aims to develop a sustainable business model and pilot interventions to seize opportunities in international markets.
Food security and nutrition project in xieng hone hongsa district, sayaboury ...phetsoulaphonh choulatida
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The document outlines a development strategy for a farmer organization (FO) involved in biotrade in Northern Laos from 2017-2020. The vision is for the FO to use biotrade opportunities to develop value chains, create jobs, increase incomes, and benefit the rural population while protecting biodiversity. The mission is for the FO to contribute to sustainable development at provincial/district levels and represent farmers in national environmental agreements. The goal is to strengthen the FO to do business that benefits from sustainable biodiversity use and development. The strategy will be implemented through infrastructure development, supporting services, and enabling policies to promote sustainable resource use and increase farmer incomes through value addition.
161005_CFAVC Core Sub-Projects Report (Rice and Vegetable value chain in Lao ...phetsoulaphonh choulatida
This document summarizes a survey of rice and vegetable production in 5 provinces of Laos. It identifies potential sub-projects to improve irrigation infrastructure for rice farming and vegetable farming, upgrade rural access roads, and strengthen farmers groups. For rice, sub-projects focus on improving state seed centers, groups for bio-fertilizer production, seed production, commercial farming, and agro-processing. For vegetables, sub-projects focus on improving irrigation, rural roads, groups for bio-fertilizer, seed production, commercial farming, and agro-processing. The report provides details of potential sub-projects in each province and feasibility studies for upgraded rice mills and vegetable collection centers.
161005 cfavc core sub projects report (rice and vegetable value chain in lao ...phetsoulaphonh choulatida
This document summarizes a survey of rice and vegetable production in 5 provinces of Laos. It identifies potential sub-projects to improve irrigation infrastructure for rice farming and vegetable production, upgrade rural access roads, and strengthen farmers groups. The survey assessed the current state of rice mills, seed production centers, and farmer cooperatives, and proposed feasibility studies for upgrading irrigation systems, rural roads and developing collection and marketing hubs to strengthen agricultural value chains under the Climate-Friendly Agribusiness Value Chains Sector project.
The document summarizes field visits conducted in 6 provinces of Laos to assess rice and vegetable value chains for a potential climate-friendly agribusiness project. Key findings include: 1) Rice and vegetables were selected as priority crops due to their importance in Laos and potential for market integration. 2) The visits engaged with farmers, companies, and officials to identify sub-projects aligning with Laos' agricultural goals. 3) Preliminary sub-projects were developed for each province focusing on irrigation, post-harvest facilities, and farmer groups to improve climate resilience and market access.
The document describes a participatory capacity assessment of partners conducted by CARE International in Laos. It involved assessing seven partner organizations using participatory methods, including using pictures and self-review. The assessment aimed to identify strengths, gaps and areas for improvement, and to develop action plans without criticism of the partners. CARE facilitated the process while the partners actively participated in discussions, scoring and developing the action plans.
140922_Narrative report of Partner’s Participatory Capacity Assessment (PPCA)phetsoulaphonh choulatida
The document provides a narrative report of a participatory capacity assessment conducted with two civil society organizations in Laos - the Green Community Alliance Association (GCA) and the Social Development Alliance Association (SODA). The assessment had several objectives: to explore strengths, gaps and opportunities for capacity building; develop organizational strength mappings and capacity building plans; and assess six key areas. It describes the assessment methodology, which took a participatory approach using group discussions, brainstorming and self-assessment. The report summarizes the general results and findings for each organization's strategic planning, governance, monitoring and evaluation, gender inclusion, financial compliance, and human resources. For each CSO, it outlines a capacity improvement plan. The conclusion recommends focusing
This document summarizes a Partner's Participatory Capacity Assessment (PPCA) conducted with two civil society organizations in Laos, the Green Community Alliance (GCA) and Social Development Alliance Association (SODA). The PPCA was conducted to identify capacity needs and develop two-year action plans for capacity building. It involved assessing capacities in several areas including strategic planning, governance, monitoring and evaluation, finance, and human resources. The assessment identified strengths and gaps for each organization. It provided direction for future improvements and concrete action plans. The facilitators learned that involving stakeholders and making the assessment process participatory are important.
1. ຽຄືື່ຬຌແຂເຌກາຌັຈຽລືຬກຏະລິຈຉະພັຌສິຌໟາກະສິກໍາ
Value Chains Selection
(Rice, Vegetables, Maize, and Silk)
Mercure Hotel - Vientiane, Lao PDR
11 February 2016
By:
Mr. Phetsoulaphonh Choulatida,
Dr. Steven Shepley
TA 8897-REG: Climate-friendly Agribusiness Value Chains Sector Project – PPTA Implementation Consultants
2. • ຸຈຎະສ຺ຄເຌກາຌັຈຽລືຬກ
ຏະລິຈຉະພັຌສິຌໟາກະສິກໍາມໞຌ
ຽພືື່ຬ
• ກໍາຌ຺ຈຸຈຂຄ ລະ ຆໞຬຄວໞາຄີື່ມີຢູ່
• ຆຬກຫາຌວາຄເຌກາຌຎັຍຎຸຄຉໍ່ໜໟາ
ລະ
• ຬຬກຍຍຄກາຌ
• The objective of
selection was to
• Identify strengths and gaps
• Identify the improvement
areas and
• Design for strengthening
Climate Friendly
Agribusiness Value Chain
Objectives ຸຈຎະສ຺ຄ
3. ງຸຈະສາຈເຌກາຌັຈຽລືຬກ
Strategic Commodity Selection Criteria
ຽຎັຌໞາອຄຉໍ່ຏ຺ຌແຈໟອັຍ
Potential for impact
ສໟາຄມຌໞາຎົກະຉິ ລະ ຉໍ່ຽຌືື່ຬຄ
Common values
ສຬຈໞຬຄກັຍຽຎົົ້າໝາງ
Aligned goals
ຽຎັຌມິຈຉໍ່ສິື່ຄວຈລໟຬມ
Proper environment
VALUE / COST OF INVESTMENT
IMPACT
4. • ຎະກຬຍມີ 14 ມາຈຊາຌ ເຌ 2
ຂຬຍຽຂຈີື່ຽອັຈກາຌັຈຽລືຬກ:
1. ຆາວກະສິກຬຌແຈໟອັຍຏ຺ຌຎະຫງຈ
ລະ ວາມງືຌງ຺ຄຂຬຄກິຈະກໍາ (8
ມາຈຊາຌັຈຽລືຬກ)
2. ູຄສໟາຄ ລະ ລັກສະຌະຏະລິຈຉະ
ພັຌສິຌໟາກະສິກໍາ (6 ມາຈຊາຌັຈ
ຽລືຬກ)
14 criteria in two different
categories including
1. Farmer / producer inclusion
and sustainability (8
categories)
2. Structure and value chain
characteristics (6 categories)
ຂຬຍຽຂຈີື່ຽອັຈກາຌັຈຽລືຬກ
The selection criteria
7. ກາຌມີສໞວຌອໞວມຂຬຄຆາວກະສິກຬຌ ລະ ວາມງືຌງ຺ຄ
Farmer/producer inclusion and sustainability
ະຌຌ
Score
ຽຂ຺ີ້າ
Rice Assessment
Is there potential to reach greater number farmers and producers in
production, support services and postharvest operations?
10 In MAF statistics, there is no statistical data available on the exact number of small-
holder producers but over 80% of population in three provinces is engaged in rice
production. Total rice production area for 2014 include; Savanakhet 217,178 ha,
Khammouane 85,519 ha, & Saravan 90,722 ha. Assuming a total area from the three
of 393,419, The Project has potential to reach 245,000 small holder households and
a large number of rice mills for wide post harvest value addition
What is the potential to increase income for producers? 8 Lao PDR has many potential varieties with high quality fragrant rice, productivity
enhancing technologies are available, there is road access, and irrigation.
Mechanical drying, rice storage, and upgraded milling capacity offers a reduction in
postharvest losses with improved productivity an income for farmers and millers.
Does the chain/commodity fit with the focus of central and provincial
government programs and priorities and other donors?
8 The rice policy emphasizes a gradual transition from subsistence to commercial
production for rice surplus as a national priority.
How project-crowded is the sector? To what extent are sector needs
addressed by the other donors and lenders?
2 Most of donor and lender support focus on the value chain supply side. This project
will boost both supply side productivity and income production and support, and
improved post-harvest handling. The project also targets the demand side by offering
improved produce to command higher prices in integrated markets. The degree to
which gender equity will improve is contingent on the gender response to private
sector initiatives.
Does it offer social and gender inclusion? 3 Laos' National Socio Economic Development Plan (NSEDP) 2016-2020 promotes
gender equality and disability inclusion to ensure investments. For rice sector, there is
social inclusion in nursery production , transplanting, planting and harvesting with
both women an ethnic groups. The project will build on and enhance social inclusion.
Is it ecologically feasible and environmentally sustainable? 4 Rice is growing naturally that it’s highly suitable to the climate and general
environment. The downside is the high water and fertilisation demand. The project
will reduce the demand for both with land levelling and direct seeding. The
environmental impact will depend large to the degree to which farmers adopt
anaerobic to aerobic production conditions.
Is it economically sustainable? 8 In Khammouance province promotes organic rice production. The domestic and
international demand is increasing; conventional paddy rice exported informally scope
for niche markets and higher value products in the short to intermediate terms. The
analysis shows that significant productivity and income gains at the farm and
processing level are financially and economically robust.
Can external risks be minimized? 3 Regional rice buying schemes and food security measures can affect external
markets. Labor shortages in planting and harvesting leads to mechanization.
Processor and exporter cash flows are an issue in securing raw material supplies.
8. ອຍຍຍ ລະ ລັກສະຌະຏະລິຈຉະພັຌ
Structure and value chain characteristics
ະຌຌ
Score
ຽຂ຺ີ້າ
Rice Assessment
Does PPP exist or is there potential for PPP? 7 Rice processing units are willing to work within a secured rice supplier, use
of sustainable rice platform for value chain/traceability such as
concessional credit, produce, acceptance of produce standards, and
contract farming arrangement. The EMRIP model shows that the PPP
approach used therein for rice achieves good results in the Lao context.
Is there scope to improve efficiencies in the value chain 9 The EMRIP model in Khammouane shows that the inclusive value chain
linking millers to farmers results in farmer productivity increase of 30%
with 60 % income growth while milling efficiency increases 9% and
throughput increases 160%. In this model, both farmer and miller incomes
improved because higher volumes of quality rice provide higher value to
the system at the farmer, miller nodes and intermodal linkages.
Is there potential for post-harvest productivity/ value-addition? 6 Scope to improve post-harvest losses, through drying and storage and the
upgrading of mills by the use of driers, separators and color sorting
equipment and storage capacity. Also cost saving and productivity
enhancement for farmers from mechanization.
What is the potential for improving market access? 6 Access to domestic and regional markets can be improved with
improvements in available processing infrastructure and farm technology
improving the quality with higher prices. Establishment of strong backward
and forward linkages improve the market linkage dynamic in the value
chain.
Are there sufficient climate resilient infrastructure needs? 8 Climate change resilience is created by changing farming practices from
anaerobic to aerobic methods and in improving post harvest handling and
loss recovery.
What is the scalability and transferability potential? 7 Good opportunities for scaling up rice interventions to other provinces and
interested rice producers based on the successful EMRIC model.
9. Manual threshing
1-5%
Sun drying
3-5%
Cutting, handling
1-5%
Open storage
5-10%
Village milling
20-30%
Small retailers
Machine threshing
1-5%
Combine harvesting
1-5%
Mechanical drying
1-2%
Sealed storage
1-2%
Commercial milling
5-30%
Large retailers
Crop Consumption
Physical losses in traditional postharvest chain
Physical losses in mechanized postharvest chain
Source: Rice Knowledge Bank (IRRI, 2016)
10. ກາຌມີສໞວຌອໞວມຂຬຄຆາວກະສິກຬຌ ລະ ວາມງືຌງ຺ຄ
Farmer/producer inclusion and sustainability
ະຌຌ
Score
ພືຈຏັກ
Vegetables Assessment
Is there potential to reach greater number farmers and producers in
production, support services and postharvest operations?
7 Nationally there are 93,835 ha and a production of one million tons of the crop.
There is no statistical data available on exact number of small-holder producers,
70% of rice cultivated areas use for vegetables production after rice harvesting:
Total hectares of Champasak is 24,380 ha, and Vientiane is 5,285 ha.
What is the potential to increase income for producers? 7 Good potential as high demand for domestic and export markets, growing year by
year. Larger target market for organic vegetables along the EWEC. Need for
improved uniform varieties better handling practices and cool chain support to
reduce high losses. Vegetable is considered a cash crop. Prices and margins for
organic vegetables are 2.5 times higher than for traditionally grown non-organic
vegetables.
Does the chain/commodity fit with the focus of central and provincial
government programs and priorities and other donors?
7 Fits well with strategies of the NSEDP with emphasis on diversification,
commercial agriculture, poverty alleviation and integration into wider regional
markets.
How project-crowded is the sector? To what extent are sector needs
addressed by the other donors and lenders?
2 Limited work on the crop. The sectoral need are much broader than small donor
pilpot initiatives are ready, willing and able to address. The intervention need to be
sufficiently broad to have a significant impact.
Does it offer social and gender inclusion? 6 In small businesses and self-employment ventures, such as cottage industry,
processing, and vegetable selling. Involve primarily women. Strengthening the
vegetable value chain will have a major gender friendly impact for women
participants. The most successful value chain model in Laos is owned and
operated by a woman.
Is it ecologically feasible and environmentally sustainable? 7 Some issues relating to environment impact: (i) new area clears land by cutting
down forests. (ii) use of plastic mulch for vegetables. (iii) vegetables waste. But
most producers use land after rice farming and some grow along river and island.
Limited use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers due to soils is still fertilised.
Is it economically sustainable? 8 Foreign industries move from China, Vietnam and Thailand to Lao PDR to buy raw
materials, but there is limited pin-country grading, sorting and/or processing in-
country. The sub-project intervention will add value in Laos prior to exporting to
regional countries. Post harvest losses range from 17 to over 20%. The proposed
intervention will recover one half or more of these loses as well as result in
fresher, better graded and branded produce for export to the EWEC areas.
Can external risks be minimized? 3 Stabilizing the cropping area with sound agronomic practices and introduction of
high yielding varieties that suit the market requirements for a particular market
may be problematic. Poor postharvest protocol and unstable prices are also
issues.
11. ອຍຍຍ ລະ ລັກສະຌະຏະລິຈຉະພັຌ
Structure and value chain characteristics
ະຌຌ
Score
ພືຈຏັກ
Vegetables Assessment
Does PPP exist or is there potential for PPP? 7 There is potential, as yet limited mostly to in-country. Since many export
companies buy produce from smallholder farmers and add value to
ensure quality of product for market outlets. The sub-project will add
more value in country through PPPs and investments in private goods
prior to exporting better quality produce to regional countries.
Is there scope to improve efficiencies in the value chain 7 The vegetable value chain is short, as most products are destined for
nearby wholesalers and retailers. With increased production of improved
qualities of vegetables required by domestic and regional markets, along
with cold chain preservation technology will greatly improve efficiency ,
productivity and incomes for all major VC players.
Is there potential for post-harvest productivity/ value-addition? 8 Improvements in post-harvest technology are important, as vegetables
deteriorate quickly after harvest (16 hours) at farm. The cold chain
storage room and refrigerated transport are key priorities to promote in
supply chain resilience. Internationally accepted organic certification is
under development.
What is the potential for improving market access? 6 Domestic market is Vientiane capital and export markets are Thai
buyers. Organic off-season vegetable production fetches a high price
premium, but organic production requires improved technology.
Vegetables and demand in vegetable markets will improve after systems
for quality control are put in place. Keeping vegetables in a cold
environment for the time interval to reach markets is a paramount need.
Successful business models in Champasack provide ample evidence
that quality markets are within reach of Lao producers, provided that all
of the components of the marketing chain are in place.
Are there sufficient climate resilient infrastructure needs? 4 The proposed cold chains will reduce losses from produce deterioration
with subsequent reduction of GHG emissions. As temperatures increase
and yields decline along with accelerated produce decomposition, the
adaptation to CC impacts will occur from produce preservation and loss
reduction from farm to consumer along the cold chain.
What is the scalability and transferability potential? 4 Good, since small holder producers see benefit from this, technology
adaptation and livelihood strategies for non-rice income improvement will
be a major motivating factor. The fact that integrated chains exist in a
few areas is encouraging for the possibility of wider VC strengthening.
14. ກາຌມີສໞວຌອໞວມຂຬຄຆາວກະສິກຬຌ ລະ ວາມງືຌງ຺ຄ
Farmer/producer inclusion and sustainability
ະຌຌ
Score
ສາລີ
Maize Assessment
Is there potential to reach greater number farmers and producers in
production, support services and postharvest operations?
7 Nationally there are 214,460 ha of the crop (2014). There is no statistical data
available on exact number of small-holder producers. In Oudomxai and Sayabouly
province, 70% of farmers grow maize. The total area of maize production in those
provinces are: Oudomxai 53,155 ha, and Sayabouly 59,830 ha.
What is the potential to increase income for producers? 8 Road access and additional irrigation schemes are required to optimize maize
production. Many maize areas are isolated with problematic accessibility.
Smallholder farmers in more accessible areas improve yields through adopting
high quality inputs that can access international and increasing the local
processing markets (e.g, Don Koi and Tha Ngon Animal feed produce co., located
in Vientiane capital).
Does the chain/commodity fit with the focus of central and provincial
government programs and priorities and other donors?
7 Commodity production is a priority with respect to the Industrial Development
Policy. Government policies target intensive production and the ability to add value
through processing.
How project-crowded is the sector? To what extent are sector needs
addressed by the other donors and lenders?
6 Limited local processing and agronomic practices and research and development
assistance. There is room, particular for the value chain down stream nodes.
Does it offer social and gender inclusion? 4 There are opportunities to enhance gender inclusion. Presently, the division of
labour in maize production is more male oriented and less balanced than for other
crops such as rice.
Is it ecologically feasible and environmentally sustainable? 5 Significant ecological feasibility. Farmers in both provinces mainly produce under
rain-fed conditions in the uplands. Some farmers intercrop maize with pulses such
as black and green bean. Farmers continuous annual cropping leads to erosion
potential. The deep rooting of maize plants provides some draught tolerance.
Some farmers improve agro-ecology through direct seeding under vegetative
cover.
Is it economically sustainable? 8 Domestic and international demand is growing, for exports to processors in
Thailand and Vietnam. In Lao PDR, some value addition occurs since there’re
two processors in Vientiane capital. The crop is sustainable as an industrial crop
to supply inputs to animal feed.
Can external risks be minimized? 4 Mainly a rain-fed crop would benefit from irrigation. Pest infestation is an issue and
risk assessment is required. International price fluctuations can be addressed
through contract farming. There is need for further soil improvement and road
access to maize growing areas.
15. ອຍຍຍ ລະ ລັກສະຌະຏະລິຈຉະພັຌ
Structure and value chain characteristics
ະຌຌ
Score
ສາລີ
Maize Assessment
Does PPP exist or is there potential for PPP? 6 Yes for industrial crop development. The appropriate model
would be to establish maize production hubs wherein business
entrepreneurs supply technology, production credit , and
guaranteed markets to farmers and as well as provide post-
harvest handling such as shelling, grading, sorting and climate
controlled storage.
Is there scope to improve efficiencies in the value
chain
5 Yes, particularly input supply, drying and storage.
Is there potential for post-harvest productivity/ value-
addition?
6 Good potential for value addition; starch flour, syrups, oils,
biofuels, animal feed and food stocks. Lao processors share
some market segments with Vietnam and Thai processors for
animal feed produce.
What is the potential for improving market access? 4 Good, CP-Thailand has expressed interest in procuring large
quantities of maize subject to a risk assessment. Aggregation is
a problem in many areas because of poor road networks.
Are there sufficient climate resilient infrastructure
needs?
4 The crop is susceptible to climate change and this need to be
addressed. Plant toxins requires development to CC
adaptation to changing monsoon rainfall patterns.
What is the scalability and transferability potential? 4 Maize production can be scaled up. There is a need however to
develop and indentify business models for maize which links
farmer groups to entrepreneurs who guarantee markets,
provide credits and transfer technology as well as operte post-
harvest infrastructure.
16. Villages / Main road
ກາຌພ຺ວພັຌລະຫວໞາຄລາາ, ຽສັີ້ຌາຄ ລະ ສັຌງາ
Link between price, access road construction,
and contract
17. ກາຌມີສໞວຌອໞວມຂຬຄຆາວກະສິກຬຌ ລະ ວາມງືຌງ຺ຄ
Farmer/producer inclusion and sustainability
ະຌຌ
Score
ແໝມໟຬຌ
Silk Assessment
Is there potential to reach greater number farmers
and producers in production, support services and
postharvest operations?
2 No official statistical report of silk production output for Lao PDR.
In Phonsavanh district, Xieng Khouang Province there 400
households on 45 hectares who raise silkworms (2014) with 8.8
tons of annual production. But farmer outreach limited and
focused on small specific areas. The total annual production of
Lao silk is around 25 tons/annum.
What is the potential to increase income for
producers?
3 With product differentiation and marketing and moving towards
organic production, the market potential is high. However,
presently the modalities for organic production are not yet in
place.
Does the chain/commodity fit with the focus of
central and provincial government programs and
priorities and other donors?
6 Ministry of Industry and Commerce (MoIC) has supported Lao
women in textile production as a one district one product in
Phonsavanh district of Xiengkhouang. The commodity meets
government priorities as it is a high value niche market product .
How project-crowded is the sector? To what extent
are sector needs addressed by the other donors
and lenders?
2 Limited project activity mainly focused on silk sericulture
production work. More qualified and trained agronomists are
required.
Does it offer social and gender inclusion? 7 As an intensive high value crop that requires good product
presentation and packaging. Agro-tourism is an option.
Is it ecologically feasible and environmentally
sustainable?
6 This commodity mulberry crop only can plant in suitable soil and
climate in certain agro-climatic zones.
Is it economically sustainable? 8 International demand is growing for Lao silk products in amount
of USD 20,000. And agro-tourism possibilities increases.
Can external risks be minimized? 3 Drought can affect the mulberry crop and silkworm raising is
needed more attention. Pesticide residues can be an issue since
Xiengkhouang farmers have recommended in use of pesticides
few years ago.
18. ອຍຍຍ ລະ ລັກສະຌະຏະລິຈຉະພັຌ
Structure and value chain characteristics
ະຌຌ
Score
ແໝມໟຬຌ
Silk Assessment
Does PPP exist or is there potential for PPP? 4 Lao Handicraft Association is main buyers that export
and retail .
Is there scope to improve efficiencies in the
value chain
3 Limited, small producers cannot meet market demand.
Is there potential for post-harvest productivity/
value-addition?
2 Limited through packaging and presentation, possibly
spice processing.
What is the potential for improving market
access?
7 Through tourism market, export market and high-end
retail
Are there sufficient climate resilient
infrastructure needs?
3 Improved irrigation practices to make the crop drought
resilience and improved IPM relating to varying pest and
disease problems as a result of climate change .
What is the scalability and transferability
potential?
2 Limited scalability, moderate transferability to other spice
and medicinal plant crops .
19. ຆາວກະສິກຬຌ
Silk Producers
ອໟາຌໟາຽກັຍຆືີ້
Silk Companies
ຉະຫົາຈຏໟາແໝ
Silk Markets
Mulberry
cultivation and
silk worm rearing
Farmer group
formulation
Fund to support
expansion from
project
Sericulture
extension
services
Sericulture
materials and
equipment for
farmers
Producer
agreement with
farmer groups
Certification of
G-Mark and ISO
14000
Brand name of
ODOP, Chai-Lao,
and Lao Handicraft
Association
Fostering value-
addition by linking
to agriculture and
tourism sector
20. COMMODITY RANKING
CRITERIA Weight
Farmer/producer inclusion and sustainability (60%) % Rice Rice % Maize Maize % Veg Veg % Silk Silk %
Is there potential to reach greater number farmers and producers
in production, support services and postharvest operations?
9% 10 0.9 9% 7 0.63 9% 7 0.63 9% 2 0.18 9%
What is the potential to increase income for producers? 7% 8 0.56 7% 8 0.56 7% 7 0.49 7% 3 0.21 7%
Does the chain/commodity fit with the focus of central and
provincial government programs and priorities and other donors?
5% 8 0.4 5% 7 0.35 5% 7 0.35 5% 6 0.3 5%
How project-crowded is the sector? To what extent are sector
needs addressed by the other donors and lenders?
7% 2 0.14 7% 6 0.42 7% 2 0.14 7% 2 0.14 7%
Does it offer social and gender inclusion? 7% 3 0.21 7% 4 0.28 7% 6 0.42 7% 7 0.49 7%
Is it ecologically feasible and environmentally sustainable? 7% 4 0.28 7% 5 0.35 7% 7 0.49 7% 6 0.42 7%
Is it economically sustainable? 11% 8 0.88 11% 8 0.88 11% 8 0.88 11% 8 0.88 11%
Can external risks be minimized? 7% 3 0.21 7% 4 0.28 7% 3 0.21 7% 3 0.21 7%
Structure and Value Chain Characteristics (40%)
Does PPP exist or is there potential for PPP? 6% 7 0.42 6% 6 0.36 6% 7 0.42 6% 4 0.24 6%
Is there scope to improve efficiencies in the value chain? 7% 9 0.63 7% 5 0.35 7% 7 0.49 7% 3 0.21 7%
Is there potential for post-harvest productivity/ value-addition? 5% 6 0.3 5% 6 0.3 5% 8 0.4 5% 2 0.1 5%
Is there potential for improving market access? 8% 6 0.48 8% 4 0.32 8% 6 0.48 8% 7 0.56 8%
Are there sufficient climate resilient infrastructure needs? 7% 8 0.56 7% 4 0.28 7% 4 0.28 7% 3 0.21 7%
What is the scalability and transferability potential? 7% 7 0.49 7% 4 0.28 7% 4 0.28 7% 2 0.14 7%
Total 6.46 5.64 5.96 4.29
ສະຫົຸຍສັຄລວມ
Summary and Conclusion
21. ຽຫຈຏ຺ຌເຌກາຌຽລືຬກຽຂ຺ີ້າ ລະ ພືຈຏັກ
Why we come up with two value chains:
Rice and Vegetable
• Both are aligned with government policy
priority.
• Rice is covered whole country that affect
70% Lao people growing rice in rural area
and 724,000 households.
• The vegetable is second crop option choice
for rural household’s income generating after
rice in Lao PDR.
• Maize is mainly grown in the northern part
of Lao PDR, maize is far from other value
chains since the PPTA limits time and human
resource to conduct all four value chains.
• For Silk production is just 25 Tons/year, our
sub-project can do software intervention
e.g., providing technical assistance to
strengthen value chain.
• ຽຂ຺ີ້າ ລະ ຏັກ ມໞຌສຬຈໞຬຄກັຍ ຍຸລິມາສິຈຂຬຄ
ລັຈຊະຍາຌ.
• ກາຌຏະລິຈຽຂ຺ີ້າ ມໞຌກວມລວມໝ຺ຈ຺ົ່ວຸກຽຂຈຂຬຄ
ຎະຽຈລາວ ມີຎະມາຌ 70% ຂຬຄຎະຆາຆ຺ຌຢູ່ຽຂຈ
ຆ຺ຌຌະຍ຺ຈ ຫົື ຎະມາຌ 724,000 ຫົັຄາຽອືຬຌ.
• ກາຌຏະລິຈພືຈຏັກ ມໞຌາຄຽລືຬກີສຬຄເຌກາຌສໟາ
ລາງອັຍຬຍ຺ວຂຬຄຎະຆາຆ຺ຌຽຂຈຆ຺ຌຌະຍ຺ຈ.
• ກາຌຏະລິຈສາລີ ສໞວຌເຫງໞມໞຌາຄາຄພາກຽໜືຬ
ຂຬຄລາວ, ສາລີຫໞາຄແກາກຏະລິຈຉະພັຌສິຌໟາກະສິ
ກໍາຬືື່ຌ ີມຄາຌກະກຼມຄກາຌມີຆັຍພະງາກຬຌ
ມະຌຸຈ ລະ ຽວລາໍາກັຈເຌກາຌຈໍາຽຌີຌ 4 ຏະລິຈຉະ
ພັຌສິຌໟາກະສິກໍາ.
• ກາຌຏະລິຈແໝມໟຬຌ ຍັຌລຸພຼຄຉໞ 25 ຉຌ/ຎີ,
ຄກາຌສາມາຈຽອັຈສ຺ົ່ຄຽສີມກິຈະກໍາເຌອຍຍຍ
ລັກສະຌະເຫໟວາມອໟ ຽຆັົ່ຌ., ເຫໟກາຌຆໞຬງຽຫົືຬາຄ
ຈໟາຌຽຉັກຌິກວິຆາກາຌ ຽພືື່ຬສໟາຄວາມຽຂັີ້ມຂຄເຫໟກໞ
ຏະລິຈຉະພັຌ.