2. INTRODUCTION
The Validity, Reliability and Feasibility of a test
is important for data collection process.
Before and after collecting the data, the
researcher need to consider the validity,
reliability and feasibility of their data.
3. VALIDITY
Indicate the degree to which an instrument
measures what it is supposed to measure
It is the extent to which differences found with a
measuring instrument reflect true differences
among those being tested
For a test to be reliable it also need to be valid
5. CONTENT VALIDITY
Measuring instrument provides adequate
coverage of the topic under study
Entire range or universe of the construct is
measured
Usually evaluated and scored by experts in the
content area
6. CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
It implies using the construct correctly
It seeks agreement between a theoretical concept
and a specific measuring device or procedure
Associate a set of other propositions with the
results received from using our measurement
instrument
7. CRITERION-RELATED VALIDITY
Used to predict future or current performance
It correlates test results with another criterion of
interest
9. CONT….
Environmental factors: Some environmental
factors such as room temperature, lighting and noice
can influence the error rate
Research factors: The researcher can influence the
results of the study in many ways
Instrumentation factors: An inadequate sampling
of items is the other common source of
instrumentation errors.
Subject factors: Any changing physical, emotional
or psychological state of the subject could introduce
error into the measurement process.
10. RELIABILITY
It is the degree to which an assessment tool
produces stable and consistent results
A measure can be reliable without being valid,
but it cannot be valid without being reliable.
11. TYPES OF RELIABILITY
1. Test-retest Reliability
2. Parallel forms Reliability
3. Split half Reliability
12. TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY
Obtained by administering the same test twice
over a period of time to a group of individuals.
The scores are tabulated and the correlation
calculated
Correlation is higher there will be more
reliability
13. PARALLEL FORMS RELIABILITY
Different versions of an assessment tool to the
same group of individuals
Both versions must contain same construct, skill,
knowledge etc.,
14. SPLIT HALF RELIABILITY
“Splitting in half” all items of a test that are
intended to probe the same area of knowledge in
order to form two “sets” of items
Items are divided into two halves and then
compared. Odd, even items, or 1-50 and 51-100
are two ways to split items
15. FACTORS INFLUENCING RELIABILITY
Time interval between testing
Condition under which measure
Length of test
Difficulty of the test
16. CONT….
Time interval between testing: testing with
shorter intervals resulting in the higher
reliability coefficient
Condition under which measure: Favorable
conditions will give high reliability coefficient
17. CONT….
Length of test: The longer the test, higher the
reliability due to the fact that longer test will
provide more adequate sample of the behavior
being measured
Difficulty of the test: tests that are too easy or
too difficult for the group members taking it
will tend to provide score of low reliability
18. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY
Validity and reliability are closely related
A test cannot be considered valid unless the
measurements resulting from it are reliable
Likewise result from a test can be reliable and
not necessarily valid
19. PRACTICALITY
It refers to the economy of time effort and money in
testing. I other words a test should be…
Easy to design
Easy to administer
Easy to mark
Easy to interpret(the results)