Teachers must ensure that student assessments are valid and reliable to make fair evaluations. Validity refers to how well an assessment measures what it is intended to measure. There are several methods for establishing validity, including face validity which considers readability, content validity which examines how well content matches what is being tested, and construct validity which determines if the test covers the relevant behavior domain. Criterion-related validity compares test scores to external criteria and has two types: predictive validity which indicates how well scores predict future performance, and concurrent validity which shows how closely scores relate to other valid assessment measures.

1. Validity
Rojelyn Joyce P. Verde

2. The quality of the assessment
instrument and method used in
education is very important since the
evaluation and judgment that the
teacher gives on a student are based
on the information he obtains using
these instruments. Accordingly,
teachers follow a number of
procedures to ensure that the entire
assessment process is valid and
reliable.

3. Validity
According to Oriondo & Antonio
(1989) validity refers to the extent to
which the the test serves its purpose
of the efficiency with which it
measures what it intends to measure.
Validity is the degree to which
assessment instrument can gather
accurate data.

4. The following are the
methods for establishing
judgment validity;

5. 1. The Face Validity
Pertains to whether the test "looks
valid" to the examinees who take it
(Catane, 2000). The directions, readability,
correctness of grammar and structure,
spacing, and suitability of words used
have direct or indirect effect on the
accurateness of student's responses in
the assessment instruments.

6. 2. Content Validity
Oriondo & Antonio (1989)
stress that content validity is
related to how adequately the
content of the test samples the
domains about which inferences
can be made.

7. 3. Construct Validity
This type of validity involves a
systematic examination of the test
content too determine whether it
covers a representative sample of
the behavior domain to be
measured (Catane, 2000)

8. Criterion-Related Validity,
it is more important type of
validity which the test item is
judged against a specific
criterion.

9. The following are the
two types of criterion-
related validity:

10. 1.Predictive Validity
According to Kubiszyn &
Borich (2000), predictive
validity refers to how well the
test predicts some future
behavior of the examinee.

11. 2. Concurrent Validity
According to Best & Khan (1998),
concurrent validity refers as to whether the
test is closely related to other measures
such as... scores on another test with
already known validity. The criterion
usually used to establish this type of
validity is the "result of a valid assessment
instrument"

12. THE END
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