The document provides an overview of public speaking, including defining it as speaking in front of an audience to inform, influence or entertain. It distinguishes between informative and persuasive speeches and emphasizes the importance of analyzing the audience. Guidelines are offered for choosing a topic, developing an outline, speech delivery techniques, and improving speaking skills through preparation such as researching the topic, organizing content, and crafting an effective introduction and conclusion.

1. PUBLIC
SPEAKING

2. Learning Outcomes (LO)
§ Definition of `public speaking’
§ Distinguish between two types of speeches
§ Analyse target audience
§ Perform impromptu speech
§ Summarise key ideas of the lesson

3. Public Speaking?

4. PUBLIC
SPEAKING

5. § Public speaking is an act of
speaking in front of an
audience.

6. § Process of speaking in a
structured, deliberate
manner to inform,
influence and entertain
others.

7. CHOOSING
TOPIC

8. 1. Choose a topic you are comfortable with and
interesting.
2. Choose a topic that is significant to you.
3. Choose a topic that conveys a single important
point or message.
4. Choose a topic that can be covered within the
time limit.
CHOOSE A TOPIC FOR YOUR
SPEECHES

9. § Informative: aimed to
enhance information and
knowledge of audience
about topic
§ Persuasive: transforming
attitude or behaviour of
audience
TYPES OF SPEECHES

10. ANALYSE
YOUR
AUDIENCE

11. Try to find information about your audience.
Age groups
Cultural differences
Educational level
Gender proportion
Beliefs and attitudes
No of people in audience
ANALYSING YOUR AUDIENCE

12. FUN FACTS ABOUT PUBLIC
SPEAKING!!

13. DEVELOP
OUTLINE

14. Write a purpose statement
for your topic.
v It limits your topic and keep your
speech focused.
v It organises your speech and keeps to
time limit.
DEVELOPING AN
OUTLINE

15. PURPOSE
OF
INTRODUCTION

16. PURPOSE OF INTRODUCTION
• Introduce topic & preview what is to come
• State purpose
• Establish importance of topic
• Grab attention
• Build credibility for speaker & topic

17. VIDEO CLIP: HOW TO START A SPEECH

18. TYPES OF INTRODUCTION
• Story
• Rhetorical Question
• Quotation
• Humor

19. WHAT AUDIENCE MOST OFTEN
REMEMBERS:
•#1—Last thing
•heard
•#2—Introduction
•#3—Topic

20. SPEECH
DELIVERY

21. Just A Minute
§ Hesitation
Using the same words or phrases repeatedly (excluding the
phrase of the topic)
A pause longer than three seconds.
Going completely off the given topic.
The aim of this game is to speak for a full 60 seconds on
your randomly selected topic without any…
§ Deviation
§ Repetition

22. The aim of this game is to speak for a full 60 seconds
on your randomly selected topic without any…
1. Diamonds are only for the rich, not for the poor.
2. Love isn’t love till you give it away.
3. Too much assignments are bad for your brain..
4. I don’t have a car so car pooling is one solution.
5. After graduation, I plan to …
6. I wish the university will improve the internet
connection.
7. Healthy body, healthy mind.
8. If I had a photographic memory.
9. Young people are being discriminated just because
they look young and immature.
10. If I had one wish, I will...
SPEAK ON…

23. METHODS OF DELIVERY
• Manuscript reading (hard to connect
with audience)
• Memorised (pressure to remember)
• Impromptu (off the cuff, no preparation)
• Extemporaneous (best choice, loose
guidelines only)

24. DELIVERING SPEECH - BEGINNING
• Approach calmly with confidence
• Establish eye contact
• Smile naturally
• Deliver introduction

25. DURING SPEECH DELIVERING
• Use Effect…
– Eye Contact
– Gestures & Expressions
– Volume & Pace
• Use Clear…
–Language
–Coversational style
• Use Enthusiasm

26. ELEMENTS OF VOCAL DELIVERY
• Speech rate and pauses
• Volume
• Inflection and pitch
• Pronunciation and
articulation

27. SPEECH ENDING
• Summarize main message
• Be concise & memorable
• Pause before returning to
seat
• Accept applause graciously

28. BODY
LANGUAGE
TA K E N OT E O F T H E F O L L OW I N G …

29. ELEMENTS OF BODY LANGUAGE
• Appearance
• Posture
• Facial expression
• Eye contact
• Movement
• Gestures

30. Body Language
(Non-Verbal Communication)
Positive Examples
Of Non-Verbal Communication
Negative Examples
Of Non-Verbal Communication
Head Looking Up
A Smile
Small Hand & Arm
Gestures
Free Arms
KeepingTo One Area
OfThe Stage
Making Eye Contact
WithVarious Members
OfThe Audience
Head Looking Down
A Frown
Exaggerated Hand
& Arm Gestures
Folded Arms
Wondering About
The Stage
Only FocusingYour Eye
Contact On One OrTwo
Members OfThe Audience

31. 70%
Body Language
23%
7%Words Used
Voice Pitch
&Tone
NOV VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Face-To-Face Communication Breakdown

32. IMPROVING YOUR SPEAKING

33. IN
SPEECH
PREPARATION
TA K E N OT E O F T H E F O L L OW I N G …

34. CHOOSING A TOPIC
• Consider …
–Is it important to you?
–Is it important to your audience?
–Will it hold audience’s attention?
–Is it manageable in the time available?
–Is it clear?
–Can you support It?

35. RESEARCHING TOPIC
• Current situation
• Background
• Supporting materials

36. TYPES OF SUPPORTING
MATERIALS
• Common knowledge
• Live or direct observation
• Examples & illustrations
• Explanations & descriptions
• Data & statistics

37. TESTS OF SUPPORTING
MATERIAL
• Is information…
–Specific?
–Timely?
–relevant
• Is source…
–an expert/reputable?
–unbiased?

38. SOURCES FOR MATERIAL
• Online
• Libraries
–Books & Reference materials
–Periodicals & Newspapers
–Data Bases
–Government documents

39. ORGANIZING CONTENT
• Chronological
• Topical
• Geographical
• Cause-effect
• Problem-solution
• Comparison- contrast

40. ORGANISING PERSUASIVE
SPEECH
• Gain attention
• Show the need for change.
• Provide a solution.
• Intensify the need for solution.
• Urge the audience to take action.

41. PURPOSE OF CONCLUSION
• Summarize speech
• Re-emphasize main idea
• Motivate response
• Provide closure

42. TYPES OF CONCLUSION
• Summary
• Quotation, story or rhetorical question
• Refer to introduction
• Challenge to audience
• Offer vision of the future

43. REMEMBER
PUBLIC SPEAKING IS A SKLL,THE MORE
YOU PRACTICE,THE BETTERYOU GET.

44. ANY QUESTIONS?