Arthur Eggers discusses the proper use of scientific calculators for math and science courses. He explains that scientific calculators have various trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic and other advanced functions needed to solve complex problems. While basic calculators can perform basic math functions, a scientific calculator is required to handle operations like exponents, logarithms, and trigonometric functions. Eggers provides guidance on selecting a scientific calculator and understanding its various functions and operation modes.
Registers are memory elements that store binary words. Counters are registers that count clock pulses. There are different types of registers like buffer registers, shift registers, and controlled shift registers. Ripple counters count clock pulses using JK flip flops but have propagation delays. Synchronous counters clock all flip flops simultaneously, eliminating propagation delays. Ring counters sequentially activate devices by having only one high bit in the stored word.
This presentation is all about interfacing of a character LCD with 8051 micro-controller. It discusses various LCD commands, LCD pin description and a simple LCD working code in assembly for interfacing.
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on 8-bit ATmega328P microcontroller. Along with ATmega328P, it consists other components such as crystal oscillator, serial communication, voltage regulator, etc. to support the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
Buku Saku Pembangunan Permukiman dan Perumahan Oswar Mungkasa
Data menunjukkan persentase rumah tangga di Indonesia yang memiliki akses terhadap sumber air minum layak antara tahun 1993-2010. Pada tahun 2010, provinsi dengan persentase tertinggi adalah DKI Jakarta (99,9%), DI Yogyakarta (99,7%), dan Bali (99,6%), sedangkan provinsi dengan persentase terendah adalah Papua (48,4%), Nusa Tenggara Barat (55,7%), dan Aceh (29%).
The document discusses stepper motor control using a PLC. It provides details about how stepper motors operate by energizing electromagnets in sequence to rotate the motor shaft in steps. It then discusses PLC components, applications, types available and specifications of a Siemens CPU 226 PLC that can be used to control a stepper motor.
This document discusses serial communication using the 8085 microprocessor and 8251A USART chip. It describes the basics of synchronous and asynchronous serial transmission including start/stop bits and framing. It provides details on the RS-232 serial interface standard including voltage levels, connectors, and DTE/DCE roles. The 8251A USART chip is explained in detail, including its block diagram, pinout, registers for control, status, and data, and how it converts parallel to serial and vice versa. Modes of operation and initialization of the 8251A are also covered.
Metode skoring dilakukan untuk menentukan klasifikasi fungsi kawasan. Skoring berbeda-beda sesuai dengan kriteria masing-masing fungsi kawasan. Digunakan piranti ArcGIS untuk mempermudah proses pengolahan data. Diperlukan data input berupa: Data lereng, curah hujan, dan jenis tanah. K
Microcontrollers are small computers that integrate RAM, ROM, I/O ports and other components onto a single chip. They are used in applications where cost, power and space are critical. The document compares microprocessors and microcontrollers, noting that microcontrollers have all components on one chip while microprocessors have separate chips. It then describes the typical internal blocks of a microcontroller, including the CPU, memory, I/O ports, timers and serial ports. Block diagrams show the connections between these internal components.
Registers are memory elements that store binary words. Counters are registers that count clock pulses. There are different types of registers like buffer registers, shift registers, and controlled shift registers. Ripple counters count clock pulses using JK flip flops but have propagation delays. Synchronous counters clock all flip flops simultaneously, eliminating propagation delays. Ring counters sequentially activate devices by having only one high bit in the stored word.
This presentation is all about interfacing of a character LCD with 8051 micro-controller. It discusses various LCD commands, LCD pin description and a simple LCD working code in assembly for interfacing.
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on 8-bit ATmega328P microcontroller. Along with ATmega328P, it consists other components such as crystal oscillator, serial communication, voltage regulator, etc. to support the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
Buku Saku Pembangunan Permukiman dan Perumahan Oswar Mungkasa
Data menunjukkan persentase rumah tangga di Indonesia yang memiliki akses terhadap sumber air minum layak antara tahun 1993-2010. Pada tahun 2010, provinsi dengan persentase tertinggi adalah DKI Jakarta (99,9%), DI Yogyakarta (99,7%), dan Bali (99,6%), sedangkan provinsi dengan persentase terendah adalah Papua (48,4%), Nusa Tenggara Barat (55,7%), dan Aceh (29%).
The document discusses stepper motor control using a PLC. It provides details about how stepper motors operate by energizing electromagnets in sequence to rotate the motor shaft in steps. It then discusses PLC components, applications, types available and specifications of a Siemens CPU 226 PLC that can be used to control a stepper motor.
This document discusses serial communication using the 8085 microprocessor and 8251A USART chip. It describes the basics of synchronous and asynchronous serial transmission including start/stop bits and framing. It provides details on the RS-232 serial interface standard including voltage levels, connectors, and DTE/DCE roles. The 8251A USART chip is explained in detail, including its block diagram, pinout, registers for control, status, and data, and how it converts parallel to serial and vice versa. Modes of operation and initialization of the 8251A are also covered.
Metode skoring dilakukan untuk menentukan klasifikasi fungsi kawasan. Skoring berbeda-beda sesuai dengan kriteria masing-masing fungsi kawasan. Digunakan piranti ArcGIS untuk mempermudah proses pengolahan data. Diperlukan data input berupa: Data lereng, curah hujan, dan jenis tanah. K
Microcontrollers are small computers that integrate RAM, ROM, I/O ports and other components onto a single chip. They are used in applications where cost, power and space are critical. The document compares microprocessors and microcontrollers, noting that microcontrollers have all components on one chip while microprocessors have separate chips. It then describes the typical internal blocks of a microcontroller, including the CPU, memory, I/O ports, timers and serial ports. Block diagrams show the connections between these internal components.
The document discusses the interrupts available on the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the five interrupt sources - INT0, INT1, T0, T1, and TI/RI. It explains the Interrupt Enable Register and Interrupt Priority Register which are used to enable/disable and set priority of interrupts. It also discusses how the TCON register is used to configure the external interrupts INT0 and INT1 as either edge-triggered or level-triggered.
Question bank on Microcontroller 8051/AT89C51. Total 98 questions. Covering questions on introduction, programming, timers of 8051, serial communication of 8051, interrupts of 8051, memory interfacing, and applications.
Interrupts on 8086 microprocessor by vijay kumar.kVijay Kumar
The document discusses interrupts in microprocessors. It defines an interrupt as a signal used to halt normal program execution and divert processing to an interrupt service routine (ISR). There are three main types of interrupts: hardware interrupts from external signals, software interrupts from an INT instruction, and error interrupts from issues like divide-by-zero. When an interrupt occurs, the processor pushes registers onto the stack, loads the ISR address from the interrupt vector table, executes the ISR, then pops registers and returns to the main program. Interrupts provide efficient handling of asynchronous events compared to polling.
The document provides an overview of the Arduino platform, including what it is, what it is used for, and how to get started using it. Key points:
- Arduino is an open-source hardware and software platform for building interactive electronic projects through a simple programming language.
- It is used for physical computing projects, interactive installations, and rapid prototyping. Projects can include sensors and actuators.
- Getting started requires an Arduino board, USB cable, power supply, and downloading the IDE (integrated development environment) to write and upload code. Basic electrical safety knowledge is also important.
This document discusses trends and challenges in VLSI technology. It notes that Moore's law of transistor density doubling every 18 months has continued to drive semiconductor scaling. However, smaller geometries create challenges like increased power consumption and reliability issues. Future progress will require advances in areas like low-power design techniques, fault tolerance, and active power management to balance performance with other constraints as technology scales.
This document provides an introduction to microcontrollers. It defines microcontrollers as small computers capable of performing specific tasks, like in appliances. Microcontrollers contain a CPU core, memory, input/output ports, timers and other peripherals on a single chip. They are classified as either microcontroller units (MCU) or microprocessor units (MPU) depending on whether external components are needed. Common microcontroller components and their functions are described, along with factors to consider when choosing a microcontroller for an application.
This document provides an introduction to line follower competitions using Arduino microcontrollers. It discusses what a microcontroller is and types of Arduino boards. The coding structure is explained, covering data types, functions, control statements and loop statements. A workshop section describes how to control a DC motor using Arduino to rotate clockwise for 2 seconds and counter-clockwise for 5 seconds in an infinite loop.
The fundamentals and implementation of digital electronics are essential to understanding the design and working of consumer/industrial electronics, communications, computers, security and military equipment. Digital electronics includes many applications in real life. Here are three different and most important application of Digital Electronics.
The document discusses the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the basic components of the 8051 including 4K bytes of internal ROM, 128 bytes of internal RAM, four 8-bit I/O ports, two 16-bit timers/counters, and one serial interface. It also provides details on the block diagram, important pins like ports and serial interface pins, and how to connect an external clock source to the 8051.
A 4x4 matrix keypad can be interfaced with an 8051 microcontroller to detect key presses. The rows of the keypad are connected to output port pins on the microcontroller, which are set high or low to scan each row. The columns are connected to input port pins, which the microcontroller reads to detect a low value, indicating a key press. By scanning each row and detecting the low column, the microcontroller can identify the specific key pressed. The document provides a circuit diagram and pin assignments for interfacing a 4x4 keypad with an 8051 development board to allow scanning and detecting keys.
The document discusses stacks, subroutines, and the 8085 microprocessor. It provides the following key points:
1. The stack is an area of memory used for temporary storage of information in LIFO (last in first out) order, growing backwards into memory with the stack pointer register defining the bottom.
2. Subroutines allow groups of instructions to be called from different locations to avoid repetition. The 8085 uses CALL to redirect execution to a subroutine and RTE to return to the calling routine.
3. Data can be passed to subroutines through registers or memory locations. Proper subroutines only enter at the start and exit at the end, with a single entry point
The document summarizes different types of digital counters, including asynchronous counters, synchronous counters, ring counters, and Johnson counters. Asynchronous counters have each flip-flop triggered by the previous one, limiting speed, while synchronous counters trigger all flip-flops simultaneously using a common clock, increasing speed. Ring counters circulate a single '1' bit around the register. Johnson counters are like ring counters but with the inverted output of the last flip-flop connected to the first. Examples and applications of each type are provided.
The document discusses I/O ports and timers in the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the four 8-bit I/O ports (Port 0, Port 1, Port 2, Port 3) that can be configured as inputs or outputs. It also discusses the two 16-bit timer/counters (Timer 0 and Timer 1), their associated registers (TMOD and TCON), and operating modes. The ports and timers provide capabilities for interfacing with external devices and generating time delays or counting events.
water level controller using 8051 microcontrollerPrachi Pandey
This document presents a project on a water level controller using an 8051 microcontroller. It contains an introduction describing how the system monitors and controls water level in an overhead tank. The circuit components section lists the main hardware used, including an 8051 microcontroller, LCD, transistors, resistors, and motor. It also provides details on the transistor, resistor, and LCD. The circuit diagram and algorithm are presented. The working explains how different water levels are detected and the motor/display are controlled accordingly. Advantages of the system reducing human effort and consuming less power are highlighted. Applications include use in homes, buildings, and industries for automatic water level control.
Water level controller using 8051 microcontrollerShafeek Muhammed
This document describes a water level controller circuit using an 8051 microcontroller that automatically controls a water pump motor based on the water level in a tank. It uses probes at different water levels connected to ports on the microcontroller to detect the water level. It displays the level on an LCD and turns the motor on or off accordingly. When the tank is empty, it displays "LOW" and runs the motor. At half level it displays "HALF" and runs the motor. At full level it displays "FULL" and turns the motor off. This allows automatic water level maintenance without manual intervention.
This document discusses interfacing a 7-segment LED display with an 8051 microcontroller. It provides details on the components used, including an AT89C51 microcontroller, 7-segment display, resistors, capacitors, and crystal. It describes how the 8051 has features like 8K bytes of flash memory, 256 bytes of RAM, and 32 I/O lines. The circuit diagram and code show how the 8051 can control the individual segments of the 7-segment display to display numbers.
This document summarizes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is classified into different types: data transfer instructions to move data, arithmetic instructions to perform operations like addition and subtraction, logical instructions for logical operations like AND and OR, branching instructions to alter program flow, and machine instructions to control the processor. Some examples of instructions are provided for each type.
This document discusses controlling high power devices using microcontrollers. It covers using transistors as switches to interface microcontroller outputs with higher voltage/current loads. Specific circuits are presented using Darlington transistors, optocouplers, and relays to control loads like motors and lamps. The document also describes an H-bridge circuit to control the direction of a DC motor using either relays or transistors. Integrated circuits like the L298N are introduced for easily implementing an H-bridge.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
- A scientific calculator is an invaluable tool for learning math and science that can help solve complex problems, as they provide functions like trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic, and statistical operations.
- Scientific calculators use different input methods, like algebraic notation where terms are entered in order of appearance or reverse polish notation (RPN) where values are entered before the operator.
- It is important to learn the functions and input methods of your specific scientific calculator by referring to the owner's manual. Understanding how to properly use the calculator ensures accurate results.
The document discusses various concepts related to computer problem solving including defining a problem, developing an algorithm to solve it, writing a computer program, testing the program, and interpreting results. It also covers fundamental programming concepts such as variables, constants, data types, operators, expressions, and equations that are used to represent and solve problems computationally. Problem solving with computers involves several defined steps and utilizes various programming constructs.
The document discusses the interrupts available on the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the five interrupt sources - INT0, INT1, T0, T1, and TI/RI. It explains the Interrupt Enable Register and Interrupt Priority Register which are used to enable/disable and set priority of interrupts. It also discusses how the TCON register is used to configure the external interrupts INT0 and INT1 as either edge-triggered or level-triggered.
Question bank on Microcontroller 8051/AT89C51. Total 98 questions. Covering questions on introduction, programming, timers of 8051, serial communication of 8051, interrupts of 8051, memory interfacing, and applications.
Interrupts on 8086 microprocessor by vijay kumar.kVijay Kumar
The document discusses interrupts in microprocessors. It defines an interrupt as a signal used to halt normal program execution and divert processing to an interrupt service routine (ISR). There are three main types of interrupts: hardware interrupts from external signals, software interrupts from an INT instruction, and error interrupts from issues like divide-by-zero. When an interrupt occurs, the processor pushes registers onto the stack, loads the ISR address from the interrupt vector table, executes the ISR, then pops registers and returns to the main program. Interrupts provide efficient handling of asynchronous events compared to polling.
The document provides an overview of the Arduino platform, including what it is, what it is used for, and how to get started using it. Key points:
- Arduino is an open-source hardware and software platform for building interactive electronic projects through a simple programming language.
- It is used for physical computing projects, interactive installations, and rapid prototyping. Projects can include sensors and actuators.
- Getting started requires an Arduino board, USB cable, power supply, and downloading the IDE (integrated development environment) to write and upload code. Basic electrical safety knowledge is also important.
This document discusses trends and challenges in VLSI technology. It notes that Moore's law of transistor density doubling every 18 months has continued to drive semiconductor scaling. However, smaller geometries create challenges like increased power consumption and reliability issues. Future progress will require advances in areas like low-power design techniques, fault tolerance, and active power management to balance performance with other constraints as technology scales.
This document provides an introduction to microcontrollers. It defines microcontrollers as small computers capable of performing specific tasks, like in appliances. Microcontrollers contain a CPU core, memory, input/output ports, timers and other peripherals on a single chip. They are classified as either microcontroller units (MCU) or microprocessor units (MPU) depending on whether external components are needed. Common microcontroller components and their functions are described, along with factors to consider when choosing a microcontroller for an application.
This document provides an introduction to line follower competitions using Arduino microcontrollers. It discusses what a microcontroller is and types of Arduino boards. The coding structure is explained, covering data types, functions, control statements and loop statements. A workshop section describes how to control a DC motor using Arduino to rotate clockwise for 2 seconds and counter-clockwise for 5 seconds in an infinite loop.
The fundamentals and implementation of digital electronics are essential to understanding the design and working of consumer/industrial electronics, communications, computers, security and military equipment. Digital electronics includes many applications in real life. Here are three different and most important application of Digital Electronics.
The document discusses the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the basic components of the 8051 including 4K bytes of internal ROM, 128 bytes of internal RAM, four 8-bit I/O ports, two 16-bit timers/counters, and one serial interface. It also provides details on the block diagram, important pins like ports and serial interface pins, and how to connect an external clock source to the 8051.
A 4x4 matrix keypad can be interfaced with an 8051 microcontroller to detect key presses. The rows of the keypad are connected to output port pins on the microcontroller, which are set high or low to scan each row. The columns are connected to input port pins, which the microcontroller reads to detect a low value, indicating a key press. By scanning each row and detecting the low column, the microcontroller can identify the specific key pressed. The document provides a circuit diagram and pin assignments for interfacing a 4x4 keypad with an 8051 development board to allow scanning and detecting keys.
The document discusses stacks, subroutines, and the 8085 microprocessor. It provides the following key points:
1. The stack is an area of memory used for temporary storage of information in LIFO (last in first out) order, growing backwards into memory with the stack pointer register defining the bottom.
2. Subroutines allow groups of instructions to be called from different locations to avoid repetition. The 8085 uses CALL to redirect execution to a subroutine and RTE to return to the calling routine.
3. Data can be passed to subroutines through registers or memory locations. Proper subroutines only enter at the start and exit at the end, with a single entry point
The document summarizes different types of digital counters, including asynchronous counters, synchronous counters, ring counters, and Johnson counters. Asynchronous counters have each flip-flop triggered by the previous one, limiting speed, while synchronous counters trigger all flip-flops simultaneously using a common clock, increasing speed. Ring counters circulate a single '1' bit around the register. Johnson counters are like ring counters but with the inverted output of the last flip-flop connected to the first. Examples and applications of each type are provided.
The document discusses I/O ports and timers in the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the four 8-bit I/O ports (Port 0, Port 1, Port 2, Port 3) that can be configured as inputs or outputs. It also discusses the two 16-bit timer/counters (Timer 0 and Timer 1), their associated registers (TMOD and TCON), and operating modes. The ports and timers provide capabilities for interfacing with external devices and generating time delays or counting events.
water level controller using 8051 microcontrollerPrachi Pandey
This document presents a project on a water level controller using an 8051 microcontroller. It contains an introduction describing how the system monitors and controls water level in an overhead tank. The circuit components section lists the main hardware used, including an 8051 microcontroller, LCD, transistors, resistors, and motor. It also provides details on the transistor, resistor, and LCD. The circuit diagram and algorithm are presented. The working explains how different water levels are detected and the motor/display are controlled accordingly. Advantages of the system reducing human effort and consuming less power are highlighted. Applications include use in homes, buildings, and industries for automatic water level control.
Water level controller using 8051 microcontrollerShafeek Muhammed
This document describes a water level controller circuit using an 8051 microcontroller that automatically controls a water pump motor based on the water level in a tank. It uses probes at different water levels connected to ports on the microcontroller to detect the water level. It displays the level on an LCD and turns the motor on or off accordingly. When the tank is empty, it displays "LOW" and runs the motor. At half level it displays "HALF" and runs the motor. At full level it displays "FULL" and turns the motor off. This allows automatic water level maintenance without manual intervention.
This document discusses interfacing a 7-segment LED display with an 8051 microcontroller. It provides details on the components used, including an AT89C51 microcontroller, 7-segment display, resistors, capacitors, and crystal. It describes how the 8051 has features like 8K bytes of flash memory, 256 bytes of RAM, and 32 I/O lines. The circuit diagram and code show how the 8051 can control the individual segments of the 7-segment display to display numbers.
This document summarizes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is classified into different types: data transfer instructions to move data, arithmetic instructions to perform operations like addition and subtraction, logical instructions for logical operations like AND and OR, branching instructions to alter program flow, and machine instructions to control the processor. Some examples of instructions are provided for each type.
This document discusses controlling high power devices using microcontrollers. It covers using transistors as switches to interface microcontroller outputs with higher voltage/current loads. Specific circuits are presented using Darlington transistors, optocouplers, and relays to control loads like motors and lamps. The document also describes an H-bridge circuit to control the direction of a DC motor using either relays or transistors. Integrated circuits like the L298N are introduced for easily implementing an H-bridge.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
- A scientific calculator is an invaluable tool for learning math and science that can help solve complex problems, as they provide functions like trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic, and statistical operations.
- Scientific calculators use different input methods, like algebraic notation where terms are entered in order of appearance or reverse polish notation (RPN) where values are entered before the operator.
- It is important to learn the functions and input methods of your specific scientific calculator by referring to the owner's manual. Understanding how to properly use the calculator ensures accurate results.
The document discusses various concepts related to computer problem solving including defining a problem, developing an algorithm to solve it, writing a computer program, testing the program, and interpreting results. It also covers fundamental programming concepts such as variables, constants, data types, operators, expressions, and equations that are used to represent and solve problems computationally. Problem solving with computers involves several defined steps and utilizes various programming constructs.
This document provides an introduction to electronic spreadsheets, including their history, key features, and uses. It discusses how the first electronic spreadsheet, VisiCalc, launched the personal computer revolution. It defines electronic spreadsheets as worksheets used to perform "what if" analysis of interrelated columnar data. Key features include cells organized in rows and columns that can contain numbers, text, or formulas. Popular spreadsheet software packages are also mentioned, including Excel, Quattro Pro, and StarOffice Calc.
A Metadata-Driven Approach to Computing Financial Analytics in a Relational D...inscit2006
This document discusses building a financial analytics system within a relational database using a metadata-driven approach. It describes representing analytic formulas as metadata in an annotated directed acyclic graph stored as a table. An interpreter is implemented as a special graph traversal algorithm in SQL to efficiently compute multiple analytic formulas for all data at once within the database layer. The paper describes an actual system built at Reuters that computes thousands of formulas per second on a $10,000 computer using this novel breadth-first graph traversal approach.
Orpat's Range of Calculators offers basic, scientific, and solar-powered calculator options. Basic calculators have limitations but are accurate for daily calculations. Scientific calculators use the latest technology and have many functions making them suitable for analytical fields where basic calculators are insufficient. Solar-powered calculators harness solar energy through a panel to charge themselves, providing maintenance-free use through reliable solar power.
Roll No. 26, 31 to 39 (G4) Use of MS-Excel in CA Profession (wecompress.com)....VinayakPoddar2
This document provides details about a group project submitted by Group 4 of the ICITSS Programme. It includes the names and registration numbers of the 10 group members, as well as the slides each member was responsible for. The group presented on the topic of using Microsoft Excel in the CA profession, covering various functions and uses of Excel for accounting, finance, HR, data analysis, auditing, taxation, and financial statement analysis.
The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts for solving problems. It defines an algorithm as a set of sequential steps to solve a problem and notes that there are various techniques for specifying algorithms, including formally, informally, mathematically, or through graphical flowcharts. The document provides examples of algorithms to solve common problems and explains the properties and steps involved in algorithm development. It also describes flowcharts as a visual representation of an algorithm using standard symbols like ovals, rectangles, and diamonds to indicate starts/stops, processes, and decisions.
For Part 1, write 400–500 words analyzing characterization and poiShainaBoling829
This document outlines three parts for an assignment on short stories and poems. Part 1 involves analyzing characterization, point of view, and themes in three short stories. It requires comparing techniques used to develop characters and how perspective enhances understanding of personality. Part 2 involves choosing one of two short stories and analyzing style, tone, techniques used to establish mood, and how language contributes to tone. Part 3 involves choosing one of two poems and analyzing word choice, tone, images, and how elements work together to create a familiar impression for the reader. The document provides guidelines for length, quotes required, and formatting.
This paper describes the implementation of electronic scientific calculator using Arduino. The mathematical process for scientific calculation processes are based on the digital electronic technology. The calculator takes input from a user in real time via a keypad and displays output on a LCD display module. The control, arithmetic algorithm and calculation functions are performed using a Arduino Mega 2560. The prototype of the system is configured and the simulation results for basic mathematical functions and some scientific functions of calculator are expressed with the help of Proteus simulation software. And then the experimental results are tested with the constructed calculator circuit. Ma Hnin Yu Myaing | Ma Naing "Arduino Based Scientific Calculator" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26395.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26395/arduino-based-scientific-calculator/ma-hnin-yu-myaing
The document provides information on 10 different calculator and math software programs: Calculator Prompter 2.2, Graph 4.1, FNA 1.31a, MultiGraphiX 1.0, Dovada student calculator 1.2.2, PG Calculator (Second Edition) 2.2, The Lucent Calculator 1.0, Calculation Made Easy 4.1, and MatBasic 1.2. For each program, a brief description is given highlighting the key features and functions, such as performing calculations, graphing mathematical functions, unit conversions, solving equations, and providing educational math practice tools.
Abacuses have been used for millennia as a counting and calculation device. The abacus still has a number of benefits, particularly in educational and developmental situations, despite being mostly superseded by contemporary electronic calculators and computers for everyday computations. Using an abacus has a number of benefits.
The document discusses the many uses of functions and calculus across various fields. It notes that functions were initially developed for better navigation systems and are now used in fields like engineering, robotics, computer hardware, vehicle safety, ecosystem modeling, medicine, economics, business, and astronomy. Functions allow modeling relationships between variables and are essential mathematical tools for describing physical systems and solving optimization problems.
This document discusses the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and its functions. It notes that the ALU performs integer arithmetic and logical operations on two numbers. It takes data from registers inside the CPU and processes it at high speeds, providing immediate results. The ALU acts as the computer's calculator by executing arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division as well as logical operations like AND, OR, and NOT. It describes how addition is performed step-by-step and provides examples of other logical operations. The document concludes by showing a functional block diagram of the ALU and describing how the control unit controls its operations.
This document contains a C program to compute the roots of a quadratic equation. It begins by reading in the coefficients a, b, and c from the user. It then calculates the discriminant and determines if the roots are real, equal, or complex. Appropriate messages are printed. If the roots are real and distinct, it calculates and prints them. If equal, it prints the single root. If complex, it separates into real and imaginary parts and prints both roots. The program uses decision making and math functions to systematically solve the quadratic equation.
The document discusses advanced formulas and computations in Microsoft Excel. It explains that Excel uses formulas to calculate values, with the equal sign indicating a formula. It also offers predefined functions to make worksheet construction easier. Some common functions are SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, and COUNT. The document provides examples of formulas using these functions and constants, operators, and cell references. It then has students practice activities using these functions to calculate totals, averages, maximums, minimums, and counts in sample worksheets.
This document discusses how spreadsheets like Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets can be used to account for expenses and determine if a product's estimated sale price will be profitable. It provides an example of using Excel to calculate the total cost of ingredients for a milk tea product and compare it to the estimated sale price to see if it will earn a profit. The document also demonstrates how Excel formulas like SUM, subtraction, COUNTIF, and AVERAGEIF can be used to analyze survey data about a product to help evaluate its potential success in the target market.
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1. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
USING THE
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
2. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
A scientific calculator is an invaluable tool while learning math or science.
Scientific calculators are a tool, to help you solve complex problems.
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
3. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Before calculators became so inexpensive and available we had to learn to
use tables and slide rules to calculate mathematical expressions containing
exponents and logarithms.
BEFORE THE
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
The scientific calculator, like the slide rule, requires some training to use it
properly and understand the results.
4. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Without the proper understanding of applying the operating principles,
there is no guarantee the answer is correct.
The calculator only performs the functions you instruct it.
In the order you instruct it.
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
5. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Care should be taken in selecting the scientific
calculator to fit your needs.
The market is flooded with choices.
Most share the same functionality;
the only difference is in the
presentation.
Prices are very reasonable with the less expensive ones starting out around
$20.00.
You may find them cheaper on sale or on-line.
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
6. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
The more complex graphing scientific calculators are available
and very powerful if you plan to study mathematics and
electronics at the engineering level.
They are fun toys if you have nothing
better to spend your money on.
The graphing capability helps you to see
and understand functions.
GRAPHING CALCULATOR
When you enter the equation of a line,
y = mx + b,
The calculator will plot the corresponding line.
7. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Graphing calculators are not required for this course.
If you’ve never used a scientific calculator,
the basic version will be intimidating enough.
GRAPHING CALCULATOR
You will have all the capability you will need
in a less expensive and less complicated basic
scientific calculator.
8. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
CALCULATOR FUNCTIONS
The calculator you choose must have more than the basic functions.
You will be performing operations beyond addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division.
This calculator is not a scientific calculator
and is not suitable.
You limited to the basic arithmetic
functions, square root, and percentage.
9. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
CALCULATOR FUNCTIONS
This calculator lacks the required functions needed to calculate
scientific expressions.
It can only perform the BASIC functions.
It’s great for balancing your checkbook!
10. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
You will need to have a scientific calculator with the following functions:
Degree and radian mode.
Trigonometric functions
Exponential function
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
Inverse
Trigonometric functions
11. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
You will need to have a scientific calculator with the following functions:
Pi [ ].
Inverse function
Square and
Square Root
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
Change Sign
12. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
You will need to have a scientific calculator with exponential
and trigonometric functions, degree and radian mode.
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
There are several manufacturers to choose from, each is laid out a
little differently, but usually having the same functions available
from the keypad.
13. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
It’s important to keep your owners manual or operators guide
handy while you are becoming familiar with the functions
available on your scientific calculator.
THE OWNER’S GUIDE
14. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
Aside from the basic functions of addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division…
Many scientific calculators have over a hundred functions available.
Many of the functions require multiple
keystrokes and secondary or tertiary key
modes.
15. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
Many of the functions are only available when the correct
MODE KEY is selected.
The function keys are usually blue or yellow keys marked
[ 2nd ] and [ 3rd ].
The key location and labeling
will vary from manufacturer to
manufacturer.
You will have to refer to your
owners guide.
16. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
Some scientific calculators have a SCROLL
or UP/DOWN LEFT/RIGHT set of keys to
add functionality.
You must rely on the operators guide to
learn to use these special function
keys!
17. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
The most common scientific calculators use
algebraic parenthetical notation.
With algebraic parenthetical
notation, the rules of algebra
are followed when entering
the values correctly.
18. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
FUNCTIONS
The Sharp calculator utilizes a proprietary architecture they call
Advanced Direct Algebraic Logic (D.A.L.)
D.A.L. allows the user to enter the
elements of an equation into the
calculator in the exact order they appear
in the expression or from a text.
19. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Reverse Polish Notation
Some scientific calculators, like the HP, use reverse polish notation
(RPN).
RPN is a powerful stacking protocol
where the values are entered first and
them the proper function is applied.
The values move up and down the stack
as the elements are operated on.
HP33S/RPN ($40 -$50)
PROGRAMMABLE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
20. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Reverse Polish Notation
Reverse Polish Notation was developed in 1920 by Jan Lukasiewicz as a
way to write a mathematical expression without using parentheses and
brackets.
Hewlett-Packard Co., realizing
that Lukasiewicz's method was
superior to standard algebraic
expressions when using
calculators and computers,
adapted RPN for its first hand-
held scientific calculator, the
HP35, in 1972.
HP35 RPN
Programmable Scientific Calculator
LED Display
21. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Reverse Polish Notation
HP41CV/RPN (Original price 1982: $200.00)
PROGRAMMABLE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
22. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Reverse Polish Notation
RPN calculators do not have an EQUAL [ = ] key,
but instead have an [ENTER] key.
The ENTER key stores the value or completes
the function.
RPN takes some getting used to if you’ve
never used it.
Once you learn it, problem entry and
solving is a lot quicker.
Two line, alpha/numeric display.
23. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Reverse Polish Notation
Why Use RPN?
•RPN saves time and keystrokes. You never have to account
for the parentheses while doing calculations. The process is
similar to the way you learned math on paper.
•You can see the intermediary results as you perform your
computations rather than just the answer at the end. This is an
extremely helpful byproduct. Math teachers are using this
feature to improve student understanding of mathematics
•An intermediate result allows the user to check the results and
correct errors more easily. It's easier to follow the stream of
calculation. The user defines the priority of operators.
•RPN is logical because the user first gives the number and
then tells what to do with it.
24. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Exponential Notation
The exponential function will vary between scientific calculators.
Some have an [ENG] key.
The exponential key allows
you to enter values that have a
power of ten associated with
them.
The exponent
25. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Exponential Notation
The exponential function will vary between scientific calculators.
Others have an [EE] key.
26. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Exponential Notation
The exponential function will vary between scientific calculators.
Others have an [EE] [ 2nd ] key.
The 2nd function key must be
pressed first to access the [ EE ]
key
27. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Exponential Notation
The exponential function will vary between scientific calculators.
Others have an [EXP] key.
If neither key is available on your
keypad, you will have to refer to your
owner’s guide to determine how to
invoke the exponential function.
28. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Raising to A Power
The exponential function is not to be confused with the exponent
function of raising a value to a power.
The most common is of course the square key, [ x2 ].
When you enter a value and
press the [ x2 ] key you
calculate the square of the
value.
Like the square key, [ x2 ], a
key marked [ xy ] allows you
to calculate values raised to a
power above 2.
Recall that x-y =
1
y
x
29. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Fractional Exponents
Exponents can be expressed as fractions.
Your scientific calculator will allow you
to enter a value raised to a power that is
expressed as a fraction or a quotient.
When you enter a value “a”, you can
raise it to the power “b/c”, by using the
[ab/c] key.
30. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
The Root
The square root key , calculates the square root of a value.
x
You must enter
the value first,
then press the
key.
The same applies for
the key, where
now you are
calculating a root for
any number other
than 2.
x
x y
Recall that x½ = x
31. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Inverse Function
The inverse function is also handy when calculating fractional
values or quotients.
It’s particularly valuable moving
summed values out of the denominator
and into the numerator.
NOTE TO ET STUDENTS:
You will recognize the value when you
learn to analyze parallel circuits.
The inverse key may be a
[1/x ] key.
Pressing this key results in
giving you the reciprocal
value.
32. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Inverse Function
The inverse function is also handy when calculating fractional
values or quotients.
NOTE TO ET STUDENTS:
You will recognize the value when you
learn to analyze parallel circuits.
The inverse key may also be a
[ x-1 ] key.
Recall x-1 = 1/x
33. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
On-board Functions
The display of your calculator only shows
the first ten or so digits.
There are more digits stored in memory
beyond what you see in the display.
With values like , the non-repeating,
infinite values not shown are stored in
memory to the limits of your calculator’s
storage and display capability.
To properly use the power of the calculator, it’s important to use on-
board function keys like the [ ] key, and not merely enter the truncated
value 3.14 when is required in a computation.
The reason for this is, is a non-repeating,
infinite number that is best treated by the
calculator.
34. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
On-board Functions
When you take the sine, cosine, or tangent
of a number, the display only shows you
part of the result.
Other on-board functions like sine [ sin ], cosine [cos ], and
tangent [ tan ] are available from the keypad and must be used to
the maximum capability of the calculators storage and display.
For example:
To calculate the sin30, you first enter
30, then press the [ sin ] key to get 0.5.
It’s important to note that you must enter
the value first, then press the
trigonometric function key to calculate
the function.
35. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
On-board Functions
When you take the inverse sine, inverse
cosine, or inverse tangent of a number,
again the display only shows you part of
the result.
Other on-board functions like inverse sine [ sin-1 ], inverse cosine
[cos-1 ], and inverse tangent [ tan-1 ] are also available from the
keypad and must be used to the maximum capability of the
calculators storage and display.
For example:
To calculate the tan-11.33, you first enter 1.33,
then press the [ tan-1 ] key to get 53.1°.
It’s important to note that you must enter
the value first, then press the
trigonometric function key to calculate
the function.
These functions also require that you
first press the [2nd] key.
36. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Memory
Memory in a scientific calculator is a nice option, but not a necessity.
Many come equipped with a memory
storage location on-board and available on
the keypad.
The [ STO ] and [ RCL ] keys are the keys
for storing one element at a time in
memory.
37. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Memory
Some scientific calculators use an [M+]
and [M-] as well, to operate on elements
stored in memory.
This function is handy if you are adding
or subtracting from the value stored in
memory.
38. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Memory
Some scientific calculators allow you to
swap values in a memory location by
using the [ xy] key.
For this calculator you would use the
[2nd] key and press the [] key to
perform the swap.
39. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Programmable Scientific Calculators
Programmable scientific calculators, like memory are nice to have,
but not a necessity.
Programmable scientific calculators are
very powerful, normally used by scientists
and engineers, but beyond the
requirements for this course.
You will have your work cut out for you if
you decide to purchase a programmable
scientific calculator.
You will have wasted your money if you
don’t learn to use its full capability.
40. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Programmable Scientific Calculators
Programmable scientific calculators, like memory are nice to have,
but not a necessity.
Programmable scientific calculators are very powerful, normally
used by scientist and engineers, but beyond the requirements for
this course.
Programmable calculators become
powerful when the problems you are
solving become repetitive or iterative.
Again, a fun toy, but not required.
41. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Planning your Entry
With all of this in mind, it’s important to plan how you enter the
values in you calculator.
You have to obey the rules of mathematics.
Remember all those laws: associative, distributive, commutative…
I usually start with values in the denominator, especially if there are
values that have exponentials.
For example:
1
2
C
X
fC
If f = 500Hz and C = 0.01F
6
1 1
2 2 500 0.01 10
C
X
fC Hz F
42. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
Planning your Entry
I would approach the problem by first entering the exponential in the
denominator 0.001X10-6F
Enter 0.01 and press [ EE ] or [ ENG ], the calculator will prompt you for the
exponent,
Enter 6 and press [ ] key to change the sign of the exponent.
Press [ ] key to multiply, and enter 500.
Press [ ] key to multiply, and enter [ ].
Press [ ] key to multiply, and enter 2.
Press [ ] key to multiply, and then press the [ 1/x ] or [ x-1 ] key to invert the
value in the denominator.
The value is now in the numerator, multiplied by the understood value of 1
You’re done!
You should have 31.8X103 or 31831.
43. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
The Power of Your Scientific Calculator
Your scientific calculator has many other functions that are available.
•Hyperpolic Functions
•Logarithmic Functions
•Inverse Logarithms
•The Natural Logarithm
•Fractional Exponents
•Summation
•Statistical Functions
•Standard Deviation
•Averaging (Statistical Mean)
•Scientific Notation
•Engineering Notation
44. ARTHUR G. EGGERS, BSEE, MBA
INSTRUCTOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR
COMMUNITY COLLEGE OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
USING THE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR
CALCULATOR SKILLS
You can only become skilled using your calculator if you take the time to
learn how to properly use it.
Keep your owners guide handy and with you.
Work sample problems so that you gain proficiency.
Practice using your calculator!