This lecture talks about the importance of evidence in scientific, business, and innovation research. It lists down important examples to carry this process in perspective of the problem statement.
The lecture slides talks about the importance of analysing the worth of problems before we on to solve them. And how to identify the problems worth solving.
Critical Thinking Tools by Eric Frangenheim on Globaledtalk.comCraig Hansen
Eric Frangenheim is and Educational Consultant, Author and speaker. This slideshare is drawn from his Critical Thinking Tools document freely available from http://www.rodineducation.com.au/index.htm and kindly shared with www.globaledtalk.com
The Art of Asking Survey Questions: 7 Survey-Writing Don'tsHubSpot
What types of questions should you avoid the next time you have to write a survey to get feedback?
This presentation covers just a section of our guide: What not to do when writing survey questions. Get your free copy of the complete guide and workbook, The Art of Asking Survey Questions, right here: http://hub.am/1imzkQ6
A necessary skills that managers need to be equipped with. This workshop is only 3 hours including a group case study. If you need the case study material you may pm me.
The lecture slides talks about the importance of analysing the worth of problems before we on to solve them. And how to identify the problems worth solving.
Critical Thinking Tools by Eric Frangenheim on Globaledtalk.comCraig Hansen
Eric Frangenheim is and Educational Consultant, Author and speaker. This slideshare is drawn from his Critical Thinking Tools document freely available from http://www.rodineducation.com.au/index.htm and kindly shared with www.globaledtalk.com
The Art of Asking Survey Questions: 7 Survey-Writing Don'tsHubSpot
What types of questions should you avoid the next time you have to write a survey to get feedback?
This presentation covers just a section of our guide: What not to do when writing survey questions. Get your free copy of the complete guide and workbook, The Art of Asking Survey Questions, right here: http://hub.am/1imzkQ6
A necessary skills that managers need to be equipped with. This workshop is only 3 hours including a group case study. If you need the case study material you may pm me.
Diving Deep: Uncovering Hidden Insights Through User InterviewsSusan Mercer
User interviews are a great technique for getting to know your target audience. However, sometimes people don’t feel comfortable answering questions from a researcher completely honestly. Other times they don’t know how to articulate exactly what they need, want, or feel.
We will examine research from psychology and market research to understand techniques for interviews to help you uncover insights beyond people’s superficial answers. We’ll explore conversation theory, projective techniques such as image associations, collaging, and others to encourage participants to share their stories. You'll learn to uncover hidden, actionable insights to fuel your designs.
Audience Research on a Dime - Nonprofit of InfluenceCourtney Clark
You need it. You know you do. Audience research is a vital part of any project, but it’s often the first thing to be cut. “We know our audiences well enough,” they say. “We know what they want.” But is that true?
No! Of course not! If we knew what audiences wanted, we’d have an excess of donations, volunteers, newsletter subscribers, and report readers, and we wouldn’t be having conversations about how to get audiences to act or increase awareness.
During this session, you’ll learn about:
- My favorite lean audience research methods and why they’re awesome
- How to convince your boss that audience research is necessary
- How to conduct audience research when you have zero resources
By the end, you’ll have what you need to do some quick and dirty audience research and convince others that it’s necessary!
Presented at the Nonprofit of Influence Conference (hosted by the Colorado Nonprofit Association).
Desirability Testing: Analyzing Emotional Response to a DesignMegan Grocki
In the design process we follow, once we have defined the conceptual direction and content strategy for a given design and refined our approach through user research and iterative usability testing, we start applying visual design. Generally, we take a key screen whose structure and functionality we have finalized—for example, a layout for a home page or a dashboard page—and explore three alternatives for visual style. These three alternative visual designs, or comps, include the same content, but reflect different choices for color palette and imagery. The idea is to present business owners and stakeholders with different visual design options from which they can choose. Sometimes there is a clear favorite among stakeholders or an option that makes the most sense from a brand perspective. However, there can often be disagreements among the members of a project team on which direction to choose. If we’ve done our job right, there are rationales for our various design decisions in the different comps, but even so, there may be disagreement about which rationale is most appropriate for the situation.
As practitioners of user-centered design, it is natural for us to turn to user research to help inform and guide the process of choosing a visual design. But traditional usability testing and related methods don’t seem particularly well suited for assessing visual design for two reasons:
1. When we reach out to users for feedback on visual design options, stakeholders are generally looking for large sample sizes—larger than are typical for a qualitative usability study.
2. The response we are looking for from users is more emotional—that is, less about users’ ability to accomplish tasks and more about their affective response to a given design.
With this in mind, we were very interested in articles we saw on Desirability Testing. In one article, the author posits desirability testing as a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods that allow you to assess users’ attitudes toward aesthetics and visual appeal. Inspired by his overview, we researched desirability studies a bit further and tried a modified version of the techniques on one of our projects. This presentation reviews the variants of desirability testing that we considered and the lessons we learned from a desirability study on visual design options for one of our projects. Interestingly, we found that while desirability testing did help us better understand participant’s self reported emotional response to a visual design, it also helped us identify other key areas of the experience that could be improved.
Exploratory user research (How to figure out what to test)Dhyana Scarano
A look at how we conducted open, exploratory user research to figure out how we could make significant jumps in conversion rates at CareerFoundry.
Analytics and tests only get us so far, but to have a bigger impact we need to explore, and learn something totally new. Something that we don't know we don't know.
How Entrepreneurs Can Think Like a Researcher to Improve their Effectiveness
So you have an idea, what next? Learn techniques that qualitative researchers use for more effective interviews that uncover deeper insights about customers and market needs. Lean Culture Meetup attendees will leave with a better understanding of how to diagnose whether prospects have a problem and if they view your product as a potential solution.
Presented at Lean Culture Meetup, July 31, 2018 in Palo Alto, CA
Slides from the productivity training course based on the book.
Read the book https://www.fasttrackimpact.com/the-productive-researcher
Book the training: https://www.fasttrackimpact.com/productivity-training
Slides from a glass on personas I gave at General Assembly Melbourne.
Might not make a lot of sense without commentary next time i will record it i promise.
Diving Deep: Uncovering Hidden Insights Through User InterviewsSusan Mercer
User interviews are a great technique for getting to know your target audience. However, sometimes people don’t feel comfortable answering questions from a researcher completely honestly. Other times they don’t know how to articulate exactly what they need, want, or feel.
We will examine research from psychology and market research to understand techniques for interviews to help you uncover insights beyond people’s superficial answers. We’ll explore conversation theory, projective techniques such as image associations, collaging, and others to encourage participants to share their stories. You'll learn to uncover hidden, actionable insights to fuel your designs.
Audience Research on a Dime - Nonprofit of InfluenceCourtney Clark
You need it. You know you do. Audience research is a vital part of any project, but it’s often the first thing to be cut. “We know our audiences well enough,” they say. “We know what they want.” But is that true?
No! Of course not! If we knew what audiences wanted, we’d have an excess of donations, volunteers, newsletter subscribers, and report readers, and we wouldn’t be having conversations about how to get audiences to act or increase awareness.
During this session, you’ll learn about:
- My favorite lean audience research methods and why they’re awesome
- How to convince your boss that audience research is necessary
- How to conduct audience research when you have zero resources
By the end, you’ll have what you need to do some quick and dirty audience research and convince others that it’s necessary!
Presented at the Nonprofit of Influence Conference (hosted by the Colorado Nonprofit Association).
Desirability Testing: Analyzing Emotional Response to a DesignMegan Grocki
In the design process we follow, once we have defined the conceptual direction and content strategy for a given design and refined our approach through user research and iterative usability testing, we start applying visual design. Generally, we take a key screen whose structure and functionality we have finalized—for example, a layout for a home page or a dashboard page—and explore three alternatives for visual style. These three alternative visual designs, or comps, include the same content, but reflect different choices for color palette and imagery. The idea is to present business owners and stakeholders with different visual design options from which they can choose. Sometimes there is a clear favorite among stakeholders or an option that makes the most sense from a brand perspective. However, there can often be disagreements among the members of a project team on which direction to choose. If we’ve done our job right, there are rationales for our various design decisions in the different comps, but even so, there may be disagreement about which rationale is most appropriate for the situation.
As practitioners of user-centered design, it is natural for us to turn to user research to help inform and guide the process of choosing a visual design. But traditional usability testing and related methods don’t seem particularly well suited for assessing visual design for two reasons:
1. When we reach out to users for feedback on visual design options, stakeholders are generally looking for large sample sizes—larger than are typical for a qualitative usability study.
2. The response we are looking for from users is more emotional—that is, less about users’ ability to accomplish tasks and more about their affective response to a given design.
With this in mind, we were very interested in articles we saw on Desirability Testing. In one article, the author posits desirability testing as a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods that allow you to assess users’ attitudes toward aesthetics and visual appeal. Inspired by his overview, we researched desirability studies a bit further and tried a modified version of the techniques on one of our projects. This presentation reviews the variants of desirability testing that we considered and the lessons we learned from a desirability study on visual design options for one of our projects. Interestingly, we found that while desirability testing did help us better understand participant’s self reported emotional response to a visual design, it also helped us identify other key areas of the experience that could be improved.
Exploratory user research (How to figure out what to test)Dhyana Scarano
A look at how we conducted open, exploratory user research to figure out how we could make significant jumps in conversion rates at CareerFoundry.
Analytics and tests only get us so far, but to have a bigger impact we need to explore, and learn something totally new. Something that we don't know we don't know.
How Entrepreneurs Can Think Like a Researcher to Improve their Effectiveness
So you have an idea, what next? Learn techniques that qualitative researchers use for more effective interviews that uncover deeper insights about customers and market needs. Lean Culture Meetup attendees will leave with a better understanding of how to diagnose whether prospects have a problem and if they view your product as a potential solution.
Presented at Lean Culture Meetup, July 31, 2018 in Palo Alto, CA
Slides from the productivity training course based on the book.
Read the book https://www.fasttrackimpact.com/the-productive-researcher
Book the training: https://www.fasttrackimpact.com/productivity-training
Slides from a glass on personas I gave at General Assembly Melbourne.
Might not make a lot of sense without commentary next time i will record it i promise.
CHAPTER6RESEARCHLEARNING OBJECTIVES• Describe the importan.docxtiffanyd4
CHAPTER
6
RESEARCH
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Describe the importance of responsible research choices
• Outline an effective, efficient research strategy
• Create search terms for focused online searches
• Gather relevant research materials
• Discover the note-taking approach that works best for you
• Evaluate the credibility and usefulness of different sources
• Effectively organize research materials and choose the most useful ones
• Correctly cite your sourcesCHAPTER OUTLINE
• Introduction: Becoming an Expert
• Researching Responsibly
• The Research Process
• How to Conduct an Online Search
• Gathering Your Materials
• Reading Your Materials and Taking Notes
• Evaluating Sources
• Revising Your Claims
• Organizing Your Research Information
• Choosing the Sources for Your Speech
• Citing Your Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
• Getting Help from a Research Expert
Robert and Dixie have been assigned to speak on either side of an issue, a kind of “pros and cons” format. They chose home schooling as their issue. each has a general position on it (Dixie is in favor, and Robert against) but they admit they just don't know that much about it. So what now? How do they become well enough informed to give a speech on the topic? Where should they even start? How can you keep track of your research? Do you have cite it?Overview
Research is necessary for an effective public speech. This chapter will help you make responsible, well-crafted, and carefully executed research choices. First, we will help you figure out what you already know and translate that knowledge into a research strategy. Next, we will provide some concrete tips on where to go for research (including other people as well as the Internet and the library), how to design a good search query for search engines and databases, and how to narrow your search. After that, we will address what you need to do once you have collected your research material, including how to read through it, take notes, and evaluate which sources are worthwhile. Finally, we will deal with how to use your research process to refine your arguments, choose and organize your quotations, and give proper credit for the sources you use in your speech.
MindTap®
Start with a warm-up activity about Stephanie's speech, and review the chapter's Learning Objectives.INTRODUCTION: BECOMING AN EXPERT
Researching, composing, and delivering an effective public speech requires you to acquire some expertise on your topic. You don't have to be the kind of expert who can produce original facts, figures, and data and publish groundbreaking work regarding your topic. But you do need to become enough of an expert on your topic to translate the research that you have done to an audience that may not have the same background or comfort with concepts and terminology that you have developed in your research. On your topic, you are the expert for your audience's purposes. You should cultivate enough expertise on your topic to bring new insights to .
On completing this chapter, you will be able to:
Describe alternative sources of evidence for nursing practice
Discuss Tradition, authority, Clinical experience, trail & error, assembled information,
Differentiate between Inductive & deductive reasoning
Explain disciplined research
In this PPT the viewer will able to understand the necessity of research. Why it is required, how it is going to helpful to other scholar, scientist, businessman, film maker, industrialist and public. The main purposes of research are to inform action, gather evidence for theories, and contribute to developing knowledge in a field of study.
Portion explained:
Research Is Necessary and Valuable:
1. It's a tool for building knowledge and facilitating learning.
2. It's a means to understand issues and increase public awareness.
3. It helps us succeed in business.
4. It allows us to disprove lies and support truths.
5. It is a means to find, gauge, and seize opportunities.
6. It promotes a love of and confidence in reading, writing, analyzing, and sharing valuable information.
7. It provides nourishment and exercise for the mind.
A session about the scientific research, how to conduct a research, what are the standards of ethics conducted in research and so on, the session was a part of an event made in Alexandria Engineers syndicate for high school students by E-web team.
I was one of the instructors of Egypt Scholars AUSC team
Talk 2 at Research Integrity workshop at Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne, April 6th 2018
http://www.mpipz.mpg.de/events/13302/4358571
This lecture takes a reflective look on the importance of understanding data the correct way for creating innovation and solutions in the business and scientific world.
A brief overview of PCOS (Polycystic ovary syndrome)Yeshoda Bhargava
Women’s health is important for a community, not only pregnant women but also young girls, ladies and elderly women. Diseases, we all know, can be debilitating if we do not pay heed to our health regularly. This presentation gives a very brief overview about the disease.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Why we
need to study
this?
• Having evidence to prove or refute
ideas is a scientific way to promote
critical thinking and progress in
ideation.
• Helps us ensure value of what we are
doing.
• Research evidence is better than
expert opinion alone.
• Using evidence-based research (EBR)
can ensure the value of a new study.
2
3. Research Evidence
• Can help you understand what works, where, why and for whom.
• Can also tell you what doesn’t work, and you can avoid repeating the
failures of others by learning from unsuccessful programs.
• Evidence also challenges what we might think is common sense.
• Example: Increasing the amount of police on the street to reduce crime. The
evidence does not support this. More informed police patrolling the streets
might make the public feel safer, but it can actually take police away from
solving crimes. Source
• When budgets are tight, one cannot afford to waste money on policies and
ideas that don’t work.
• Another example: Getting laptop and high-tech gizmos into every school
may be a good headline-grabbing commitment, but it does little in itself to
benefit young people’s learning.
• Research by OECD has found that frequent use of computers in schools is
often connected with lower academic results. Source
4. Throwing money at most problems
will of course often do some sort of
good. But could that money have
been spent more effectively on
something cheaper?
5. The importance of evidence
• Whether it is a police station, a school classroom or the
boardroom of a charity, evidence can help you make better
decisions.
• It is helpful not only in frontline service delivery, but also in
creating smarter organizations – charities, local authorities,
government departments etc.
6. What is Evidence-Based Research?
9/3/20XX Presentation Title 6
• Use of prior research in a systematic and transparent way to inform a new study so that
it is answering questions that matter in a valid, efficient, and accessible manner.
• A single study can very rarely (if ever) provide a definitive answer to the question
investigated.
• Placing a new idea, in the context of relevant previous research is key.
• The risk of bias is high if only a subset of earlier studies is included in the ideation of the
work.
7. Evidence Pyramid
• Depicts the evidential strength of different
research designs.
• Studies with the highest internal validity,
characterised by high degree of quantitative
• Analysis, review, analysis, and stringent
scientific methodology, are at the top of the
• Pyramid.
• Observational research and expert opinion
• Reside at the bottom of the pyramid.
8. • Any model of good decision-making should be wary of putting
professional judgment on a pedestal as experts can sometimes get it
horribly wrong.
The four elements of evidence-based management
10. The trouble with professional opinion
• Sometimes professional judgement can fail to get it right.
• A study by the American psychologist and political writer Professor Philip E. Tetlock
found the predictions of most experts were wrong.
• He gathered 80,000 expert predictions and compared them to what actually
happened.
• The results were devastating. Academics, government officials, journalists and other
pundits performed worse than ‘dart-throwing monkeys’ in forecasting the future.
• Indeed, those specialists who had more detailed subject knowledge seemed to
perform even worse than average.
• Source
11. Cognitive bias
• Experts can sometimes carry a “heavy burden of prejudices, preconceptions and even
partiality”.
• As humans we are ‘predictably irrational’ and may experience upto 150 cognitive
biases that distort our thinking.
• Cognitive bias refers to our inability to be entirely objective, which may manifest as
perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgements and illogical and/of irrational
interpretations.
• It means we should be highly cautious about the accuracy of expert decisions.
• Cognitive bias is a tendency to see the evidence that fits with what we believe,
and to ignore or discount what doesn’t.
12.
13. Its not just about experts, it
is about everyone who is
selective in their use of
research evidence.
We look for evidence that fits our beliefs.
15. What evidence should you choose?
• Not all evidence is equal. Some is stronger-and more relevant to your challenge-than
others.
• Think about the appropriateness of your evidence.
• You need not know every type of approach.
• For the non-specialist ‘consumer’ of research, its more important – and easier- to
understand the assumptions that underpin these ways of doing research.
17. Judging the quality of research
• Another way to help you choose which sort of research you need is to ask a different
question : what research can you trust?
• What is good enough evidence to fir you needs?
• People often cite peer-reviewed journals as THE EVIDENCE.
• In a famous paper, John Ioannidis from Stanford University caused a stir by arguing that
‘most published findings are probably false’.
• He examined the most cited papers (1,000+ citations) in the best regarded medical
journals in the world – largely drawn from The Lancet, the New England Journal of
Medicine and the Journal of the American Medical Association.
• Of those with claims of efficacy whose results had been tested, 41 per cent were either
found to be wrong, or the impact was much smaller than the original study suggested.
• This is not to say that peer-reviewed evidence is useless. Its vital, but keep your
objectivity afloat.
19. The importance of repetition and corroboration
• How many studies need to be included for you to be comfortable that a strong body of
evidence exists?
• A couple of good studies if they are good? Or may be dozens, or hundreds?
• There is no magic number of studies.
• But the size of the body of evidence is important: there is strength in numbers, and we
must have repetition and corroboration.
20. Where should you look for evidence?
• Established international and national organization reports and studies. Credibility is
established if you choose organizations known for their rigor in scientific investigation.
• Peer-reviewed studies.
• Newspaper reports (Guardian)
• National and International Ministry websites.
• Depending on the nature of your idea/topic, see which one of the above fits.
• Example: https://www.pewresearch.org/
21. How to communicate your findings?
• Evidence rarely speaks for itself.
• Involve stakeholders.
• Make recommendations as specific as possible.
• Make your message Easy, Attractive, Social and Timely.
• Easy: simplify the message.
• Attractive: use images or personalization.
• Social: use anecdotes, and real people.
• Timely: make your timing right, prompt people when they are likely
to be most receptive.
22.
23. Summary
• Implement changes or advice based on evidence that is as strong as possible (and vice
versa, be wary of changes or advice if the evidence is weak).
• Be evidence-aware in your decision making.
• Beware of potential cognitive biases in your decision making.
• Think about the right type of research to suit your needs.
• Type of evidence must match your question.
• Be smart in how you communicate your evidence.