This document presents a lesson on using modal verbs to express possibility in English for B1 level EFL students. It covers the formation of sentences, including making negative forms and questions, as well as examples of expressing certainty and probability. The document also includes practice exercises to reinforce understanding of the different modal verbs.

1. USING MODAL VERBS FOR
POSSIBILITY
English Grammar Presentation
for EFL Students B1 level of English

2. OBJECTIVES
Students will understand how to use modal verbs in sentences
and how to express possibility.

3. MODAL VERBS
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs which cannot usually work alone.
They are used with a main verb. These are modal verbs:
might may could will
can should ought to must
shall
would

4. MAKING NEGATIVE
SENTENCES
You make negative sentences by adding not to a modal verb.
can cannot
should should not
can’t
shouldn’t
must must not mustn’t
You can’t go out.
You shouldn’t eat unhealthy food.
You mustn’t leave your bike here.

5. MAKING QUESTIONS
You make questions by inversion.
Can she go out?
Could he go there?
Should we eat more vegetables?
She can go out.
He could go there.
We should eat more vegetables.

6. POSSIBILITY
Modal verbs can be used to show how possible something is,
or how likely it is to happen.
It might rain this afternoon, so you should take an umbrella with you.
She could be running late; that's why she hasn't arrived yet.
There may be a chance for us to go on a vacation next summer if we save
enough money.

7. we use must and can’t + verb to say we are sure about
something now
CERTAINTY
Paul must be at home, I can see his car at the drive.
(I’m sure he is.)
It can’t be number 1! I think it’s nonsense.
(I’m sure it isn’t.)

8. we use should and ought to + verb to say that something
is likely, but not certain
PROBABILITY
Your book should be on your desk. I think I’ve seen it there.
The parcel ought to arrive tomorrow. I’m expecting it.

9. POSSIBILITY
She may take the other bus.
It might rain later.
The train could be delayed for 15 minutes.

10. LET’S PRACTISE
might may could must can’t
Read the sentences and decide which modal verb best completes the
gap. Are there more than one correct answers? What’s the difference in
meaning?
It's raining, so you _________ take an umbrella with you.
The weather forecast says it ______________ rain tomorrow, so bring a raincoat
just in case.
should

11. LET’S PRACTISE
might may could must can’t
Read the sentences and decide which modal verb best completes the
gap. Are there more than one correct answers? What’s the difference in
meaning?
I have no doubt that you _________ finish this puzzle; it's too difficult.
Mark is always late; he __________ not arrive on time for the meeting.
should

12. might may could must can’t
I think that it _______________ be easier to book on the internet.
He says he definitely ____________________ have enough money to buy the tickets.
should
LET’S PRACTISE
Read the sentences and decide which modal verb best completes the
gap. Are there more than one correct answers? What’s the difference in
meaning?

13. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION AND
PARTICIPATION
Do you have any follow-up questions?