This document discusses universal usability and its key principles. It defines universal usability as designing products and services to be used successfully by 90% of households at least weekly. The goals of universal usability are to allow wide access to information and communications services while saving users' and companies' time and providing a positive experience. Challenges include supporting diverse hardware, software and networks, accommodating individual differences, and bridging gaps in users' system knowledge. The document outlines usability attributes like learnability and satisfaction, and the seven principles of universal design focusing on equitable use, flexibility, perceptible information and tolerance for error.

1. By
Nicholas Aanto M
MCA 3rd Year
Pondicherry University

2. CONTENTS
• U N I V E R S A L U S A B I L I T Y
• U S A B I L I T Y
• U N I V E R S A L D E S I G N
• G O A L O F U N I V E R S A L
U S A B I L I T Y
• C H A L L E N G E S T O U N I V E R S A L
U S A B I L I T Y
• R E F E R E N C E S

3. Universal Usability
Universal usability refers to the design of
information and communications products
and services that are usable for every
citizen. Professor Ben Shneiderman, a
computer scientist at the University of
Maryland's Human-Computer Interaction
Lab, College Park, has advocated the
concept.

4. What is Universal
Usability ?
• In the words of Human computer Interaction
pioneer Ben Schneiderman defines, universal
usability as “having more than 90% of all
households as successful users of information
and communications services at least once a
week.”
• He suggested that the designers need to
achieve universal usability by “supporting wider
range of technologies, to accommodate diverse
users, and to help users bridge the gap
between what they know and what they need
to know.”

5. USABILITY
• Usability can be described as the capacity of a system to provide a condition for its users
to perform the tasks safely, effectively, and efficiently while enjoying the experience.
• The usability definition of Nielsen has probably had the biggest impact on usability
thinking overall.
• While there are three aspects to the ISO definition, Nielsen divides usability into five
elements , called attributes, which can be measured and used to specify usability goals.
Learnability, efficiency, memorability, mistakes and satisfaction are these.
o LEARNABILITY
o EFFICIENCY
o MEMORABILITY
o MISTAKES
o SATISFACTION

6. 3.MEMORABILITY
It applies to users who are already familiar with a
system, but some breaks occur or are very rarely
used when using it. After they have learned the
functions, memorability measures how well
users can remember various functions.
5.SATISFACTION
Basically, using a system means how
pleasing it is to use. It influences the
motivation of the user and thus the
efficiency of use.
1.LEARNABILITY
Because most systems need to be easy
to learn, it is a fundamental usability
attribute, and it affects a system's first
impression. Basically, ease of learning
means a user must be able to learn as
quickly and as easily as possible how to
use a system.
4.MISTAKES
Next are the mistakes. You can help
determine the pain points within
your design by tracking how many
mistakes users make, how severe
these errors are, and how easily
they can recover from the errors.
2.EFFICIENCY
This means how quickly a user can
perform tasks once they have learned
how to use a system. There are also
some users who do not need to learn
to fully use a system, but when they
have learned its basic functionality,
they are satisfied. The introduction of
hidden shortcuts for frequently used
functions is one way to improve
efficiency.
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COMPONENTS OF USABILITY

7. UNIVERSAL DESIGN
• Universal Design is the design and composition of an environment so that all individuals,
regardless of their age, size, ability or disability, can access, understand and use it to the
greatest extent possible. An environment should be designed to meet the needs of all
people who wish to use it (or any building, product , or service in that environment).
• A working group of architects, product designers , engineers and environmental design
researchers, led by the late Ronald Mace at North Carolina State University, developed the
7 Principles of Universal Design in 1997. They are,
o Equitable Use
o Flexibility in Use
o Simple and Intuitive Use
o Perceptible Information
o Tolerance for Error
o Low Physical Effort
o Size and Space for Approach and Use

8. 7 PRINCIPLES OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN
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03
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7 PRINCIPLES OF
UNIVERSAL
DESIGN
5.TOLERANCE FOR ERROR
The design minimises risks and the adverse
effects of accidental or unintended
behaviour.
1.EQUITABLE USE
To individuals with diverse abilities, the
design is useful and marketable.
2.FLEXIBILITY IN USE
A wide range of individual preferences and
abilities are accommodated by the design.
3.SIMPLE AND INTUITIVE USE
It is easy to understand the use of the
design, regardless of the user's experience
, knowledge, language abilities, or current
level of concentration.
4.PERCEPTIBLE INFORMATION
The design effectively communicates
necessary information to the user,
regardless of ambient conditions or the
sensory abilities of the user.
6.LOW PHYSICAL EFFORT
It is possible to use the design efficiently
and comfortably and with a minimum of
fatigue.
7.SIZE AND SPACE FOR
APPROACH AND USE
Appropriate size and space, regardless of
the user's body size, posture or mobility, is
provided for approach, reach,
manipulation and use.

9. GOAL OF UNIVERSAL
USABILITY
• The objective of universal usability is to
allow information and communications services
to benefit the widest possible range of users.
• Both the company and users need to save
time.
• It must give the product a happy experience.
• The user should be able to understand all the
content in the application.

10. CHALLENGES TO
UNIVERSAL USABILITY
There are three major challenges to universal usability:
• Supporting a wide range of hardware , software and access to
the network.
• Adapting to individual user differences, such as age , gender,
disabilities, literacy, culture, income, etc. It is possible to
roughly categories individual differences into three types:
physical, cognitive, and socio-cultural.
• Bridging the gap in knowledge between what users know and
what a particular system needs to know. Two issues need to be
resolved:
oBuilding a user model to access the background
information of individual users on a particular system;
oIntegrating the evolutionary learning mechanism.

11. Thank You

12. • USABILITY IS A KEY ELEMENT OF USER EXPERIENCE
• UNIVERSAL_USABILITY
References
• UNIVERSAL DESIGN
• UNIVERSAL DESIGN 7 PRINCIPLES