This document discusses the history of sound recording technology. It describes Thomas Edison's invention of the phonograph in 1877, which could both record and reproduce sound. Emile Berliner later invented the gramophone in 1888, which recorded sound on a disk using side-to-side motion. In 1948, Columbia Records introduced the long-playing vinyl record or LP, which was lighter and less fragile than previous shellac records. The document traces the progression of recording technology from early wax cylinders to magnetic tape and eventually digital recording.

1. MUSIC AND MEDIA

2.  Sound recording is the storage of sounds so that they can
be heard again.
 Sound recording is also used in radio, television, and
movies.

4.  In 1877 the American
inventor Thomas
A.Edison demonstrated
the first “talking
machine”, which could
both record and
reproduced sound.
 Before the phonograph
was invented, people
only had entertainment
by live musicians and
actors. This invention
allowed people to have
music anytime.

5.  The term Phonograph means “writing sound”, a
term coined from Greek roots.
 Edison’s early phonographs recorded on a wax
cylinder using up-down (vertical) motion of the
stylus.

6. Emile Berliner invented what he called the
Gramophone, another device for recording
and replaying sound, and patented it in 1888.
It recorded on a disk using side-to-side
(lateral) motion of the stylus.

8.  The long-playing microgroove vinyl record, or
“LP”, was developed at Columbia records and
introduced in 1948.
 Vinyl records were lighter and less fragile than
shellac records.
 The Magnetophon tape recorder was one of the
first recording machines to use magnetic tape in
preserving voice and music. The Magnetophone
became a high fidelity recording system that
outperformed gramophone recording.

10.  In digital recording, digital audio is directly
recorded to a storage device as a stream of
numbers, representing the changes in air pressure
through time, thus making an abstract template
for the original sound.

12. 1. Write down the name of the following
devices:

20.  2. Arrange in order the pictures in exercise 1
from earliest recording device to lastest .
 3. Find the verbs in past tense in the text.
Write down their present tense.