Unit -1 - Op Amps.pptx
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This document summarizes operational amplifiers and some of their applications. It discusses the ideal op-amp model and characteristics, parameters like common mode rejection ratio and slew rate. It also covers the concept of virtual ground. Applications covered include inverting, summing, and non-inverting amplifiers, voltage followers, comparators, zero crossing detectors, integrators, differentiators, and RC low pass filters. Specifications of the op-amp 741 are provided. The Schmitt trigger and how it converts waveforms to square waves using positive feedback and threshold voltages is explained. Finally, applications of active low pass filters are listed.
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The document presented an overview of operational amplifiers (OP-AMPs) given by Group 12. It defined an OP-AMP as an integrated circuit that amplifies input voltage through high gain. It described OP-AMP characteristics like high open-loop gain, large input resistance, and small output resistance. Common OP-AMP applications presented included comparators, integrators, differentiators, filters, and oscillators. Circuit diagrams were provided for low-pass filters, high-pass filters, and band-pass filters built using OP-AMPs.
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The document describes various applications of operational amplifiers including linear and non-linear circuits. Linear applications include scale/inverter circuits, summing amplifiers, subtractors, and instrumentation amplifiers. Non-linear applications include rectifiers, peak detectors, clippers/clampers, sample-and-hold circuits, and logarithmic/antilog amplifiers. The document also discusses voltage to current converters, current to voltage converters, and provides circuit diagrams and analysis for inverting/non-inverting summing amplifiers, subtractors, and instrumentation amplifiers.
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The document discusses operational amplifiers (op-amps), including their construction, characteristics, types, and applications in filters. Some key points:
- Op-amps are high-gain integrated circuits that can perform linear and non-linear operations. They have differential inputs and a single output.
- Important op-amp characteristics include open-loop gain, output offset voltage, common mode rejection ratio, and slew rate.
- Ideal op-amps have infinite gain, bandwidth, and other idealized properties, while practical op-amps have limitations.
- Op-amps can be used to build active filters like high-pass filters that cut off low frequencies below a cutoff frequency.
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This document presents information about operational amplifiers (op amps). It defines an op amp as a high-gain amplifier used to perform various functions. The document outlines the key characteristics and properties of ideal and practical op amps, including their circuit symbol and basic components. It also describes the working principles of several common op amp configurations and their applications, such as inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, integrators, differentiators, and more. Advantages of op amps include adjustable voltage gain and impracticality, while disadvantages include loss of gain and need for high impedance circuits.
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The document discusses operational amplifiers (op-amps), including their construction, characteristics, types, and applications in filters. Some key points:
- Op-amps are high-gain integrated circuits that can perform linear and non-linear operations. They have differential inputs and a single output.
- Important op-amp characteristics include open-loop gain, output offset voltage, common mode rejection ratio, and slew rate.
- Ideal op-amps have infinite gain, bandwidth, and other idealized properties, while practical op-amps have limitations.
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This document presents information about operational amplifiers (op amps). It defines an op amp as a high-gain amplifier used to perform various functions. The document outlines the key characteristics and properties of ideal and practical op amps, including their circuit symbol and basic components. It also describes the working principles of several common op amp configurations and their applications, such as inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, integrators, differentiators, and more. Advantages of op amps include adjustable voltage gain and impracticality, while disadvantages include loss of gain and need for high impedance circuits.
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This document discusses operational amplifiers (op-amps) and their applications in analog circuits. It provides an overview of op-amp fundamentals, characteristics, types, and basic building blocks that can be created using op-amps, including inverting/non-inverting amplifiers, integrators, differentiators, and instrumentation amplifiers. The key aspects covered are the construction, ideal characteristics, and practical non-idealities of op-amps compared to the ideal model.
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- Common op-amp configurations include inverting amplifiers, non-inverting amplifiers, voltage followers, summing amplifiers, and transimpedance amplifiers.
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Operational Amplifier (OpAmp)
1. The op-amp circuit consists of an input stage, intermediate stage, and output stage, as well as biasing circuits.
2. The input stage uses a differential amplifier configuration to provide high input impedance. The intermediate stage provides voltage gain.
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Operational Amplifier (OpAmp)
1. The op-amp circuit consists of an input stage, intermediate stage, and output stage, as well as biasing circuits.
2. The input stage uses a differential amplifier configuration to provide high input impedance. The intermediate stage provides voltage gain.
3. The output stage is typically class AB to reduce crossover distortion, using a voltage source to provide constant base voltage for the transistors.
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The document provides information about operational amplifiers (op-amps). It defines an op-amp as a high-gain amplifier consisting of differential and other stages used to amplify signals and perform math functions. Key characteristics are very high differential gain, high input impedance, low output impedance. The document outlines op-amp components like inputs, outputs, power supplies. It describes stages within an op-amp like the input, intermediate, level shifting and output stages. Performance parameters discussed include input offset voltage, input resistance, open loop gain, output resistance and more. Closed loop and open loop op-amp configurations are explained.
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Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
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Unit -1 - Op Amps.pptx
- 1. • 1.1: OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER Ideal Op-Amp – Block diagram and Characteristics – Op-amp parameters CMRR – Slew rate – Concept of Virtual ground
- 2. • 1.2: APPLICATIONS OF OP-AMP • Inverting amplifier • –Summing amplifier • – Non inverting amplifier • – Voltage follower • - Comparator • – Zero crossing detector • – Integrator • – Differentiator-waveform generation (Schmitt Trigger only)–RC Low pass Active filter.
- 3. • 1.3: OP-AMP SPECIFICATIONS OP-amp 741 – Symbol – Pin diagram – Specifications
- 4. Schmitt Trigger- Square wave form generator • also called a regenerative comparator circuit • positive feedback • Purpose: • to convert any regular or irregular shaped input waveform into a square wave output voltage
- 7. • Upper Threshold Voltage, • 𝑽𝑼𝑻= 𝑽𝑺𝑨𝑻 * 𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟏 (𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟏+𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟐) • Lower Threshold Voltage, • 𝑽𝑳𝑻= - 𝑽𝑺𝑨𝑻 * 𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟏 (𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟏+𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟐) • When Vin > VUT, output moves from + Vsat to - Vsat • When Vin > VLT, output moves from - Vsat to + Vsat
- 8. Example: • 𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟏 = 𝑹𝒅𝒊𝒗 𝟐 = 10 k ohm • 𝑽𝑺𝑨𝑻 = 5 V • Find VUT and VLT
- 11. RC Low pass Active Filter
- 13. Applications Of Active Low Pass Filters • as hiss filters in audio speakers to reduce the high frequency hiss produced in the system • as inputs for sub woofers. • These are also used in equalizers and audio amplifiers. • In analog to digital conversion these are used as anti-aliasing filters to control signals.
- 14. PART-A Questions
- 15. Ideal Op-Amp
- 17. Slew rate
- 18. Concept of Virtual ground