The UNHCR was created in 1950 to help millions of Europeans displaced after World War II. Its mission is to protect refugees, help them exercise their right to asylum, and find permanent solutions like returning home, integrating locally, or resettling elsewhere. The UNHCR ensures refugee rights and protection from violence, providing shelter, food, and other aid. It works with governments on humanitarian responses and helps refugees apply for asylum or return home with assistance. The 1951 Refugee Convention defines refugees and outlines their rights and government responsibilities to protect them from being returned to danger.

1. UNHCRunited nations high commissioner for refugees

2. When was UNHCR created? The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees was established on December 14 Its aim was to complete its work in a 3 year time period and then disband. The Convention relating to the Status of Refugees was held the following year in 1950 1951

3. Why was the UNHCR created? In the late 1940s a UN body was required to oversee global refugee issues. After WWII there was a refugee crisis, with millions of people displaced in Europe But!!! In the late 1950s, uprisings and conflict led to UNHCR involvement outside of Europe. As colonies in Africa gained independence in the 1960s, large numbers of refugees fled unstable and cruel governments. Unlike in Europe, these countries usually fled into equally unstable countries.

4. The purpose of the UNHCR To protect the rights and well-being of refugees. Ensure that everyone can exercise the right to seek asylum Be non-political and humanitarian Strive to find permanent solutions for refugees such as to return home voluntarily, integrate locally or to resettle in a third country.

5. What does the UNHCR do? Ensures the basic human rights of people in their countries of asylum Ensures refugees will not be returned involuntarily to a country where they could face persecution Promotes or provide legal and physical protection, and minimize the threat of violence Aims to provide at least a minimum of shelter, food, water and medical care Helps with refugee registration, assistance and advice on asylum applications, education and counselling. Support returnees with transport home and assistance packages Works with governments to find practical and humanitarian responses In countries that haven’t signed the Refugee Convention, UNHCR is generally responsible for protecting refugees. Complete fill in the blanks sheet now

6. 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees It defines a refugee, outlines the rights of refugees (e.g. freedom of religion and movement, the right to work, education and accessibility to travel documents), explains what governments should do to protect refugees and a refugee's obligations to a host government. A key provision states that refugees should not be returned, or refouled, to a country where he or she fears persecution. It also spells out people or groups of people who are not covered by the Convention. A total of 147 states have acceded to one or both of the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol.

8. Prior, only Europeans involved in events before 1 January 1951, could apply for refugee status. As a result it turned the Convention into a truly universal instrument that could benefit refugees everywhere. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5Ub1FFbfHE

9. Signatories of 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol

10. Long term UNHCR solutions There are three solutions open to refugees where UNHCR can help and are known as DURABLE SOLUTIONS Local Integration Voluntary repatriation Resettlement to a third country

11. Responses to Refugees 4 general responses Refugees should NOT be returned to countries where they might face persecution – non-refoulment Strict, fair and swift evaluation of refugee status Strong and steady financial commitment from the international community (esp. wealthy countries) to alleviate the monetary burden of regions absorbing large flows of refugees Development of proactive policy measures to stop regional (or potentially global) crisis situations from emerging