Understanding Yup’ik Conceptions of Stress within the Context of Rapid Cultural Change. This is a narrated PPT presentation. Please download this file to hear the audio. These slides are the property of the authors, and are shared through the Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice (http://www.gjcpp.org/).

1. Inna Rivkin, Samuel Johnson, Ellen Lopez, Eliza Orr, Joseph Trimble & the CANHR team

2. Goals of the Project
Designed within our long
standing partnership to:
 Better understand
stress and coping in
Yup’ik communities
 Inform a culturally-
grounded stress-
reduction intervention

3. Understanding Local Conceptions
of Stress and Coping
Shorter Community Stress Aims – to gain insight regarding:
and Coping Interview  What is the Yup’ik meaning of
(N=113) stress and coping?
 What are the specific stressors
experienced?
 How do Yup’ik participants cope
with stressors?
Longer Individual Stress
and Coping Interview
(N=60)

4. Important Stress Experiences
 Losing loved ones
 Suicide
 Effects of alcohol
 Family stress
 Worry about children
in the community
 Money issues
 Work issues

5. Cultural Change
35
30
25
20
15
10
5 Not a Problem
0 Some Problems
Outside Lack of Lack of Lots of Problems
Influences understanding knowledge or
between youth & respect for Yup'ik
elders traditons /values

6. Yup’ik Understanding of Stress

7. Yup’ik Understanding of Stress
Changes in Stress

8. Yup’ik Understanding of Stress
Causes of Stress

9. Yup’ik Understanding of Stress
Hard to Handle

10. Yup’ik Understanding of Stress
Impact of Stress

11. What Gave People Hope
 Spirituality
 Engaging in subsistence
activities
 Being with their kids
 Spending time
with family
 Helping others

12. Ellen D. S. Lopez, Eliza Orr, Inna Rivkin, Samuel Johnson

13. Stress & Coping Project
Provided opportunity for
interviews to be
conducted in English &
Yup’ik
 11 Elders completed
interviews in Yup’ik
 Interviews conducted with
Yup’ik translator/team
member

14. Translation, Translation, &
More Translation!
Data Collection: English Yup’ik
Questions Questions
Analysis & Interpretation: Yup’ik English
Responses Responses
Reporting back
Member Checking & Dissemination: findings in English &
Yup’ik
CANHR Slide 14

15. Translation Challenges
Lack of Equivalent Words
Depression Coping
Stress
Health Genetics

16. Translation: Data Collection
What does stress mean to you?
Nallunritan-qa ‘Stress’?
(Do you know stress?)
Icugg’, caarkalissiiyaakuvet?
(You know, when you have too much to do?)
Icugg’, irniavet tuavvluten?
(You know, when your kids are distracting you?)
CANHR Slide 16

17. Translation: Analysis &
Interpretation
 Translating Yup’ik responses into English
 Striving to maintain cultural significance & meaning
 Interpreting findings
 Distinguishing data from English & Yup’ik interviews
 Assessing differences in themes & codes that emerge across
Yup’ik & English Interviews
CANHR Slide 17

18. Translation: Reporting
Findings & Dissemination
 Community & workgroup meetings ~ opportunities
for:
 Member checking
 Clarifying concepts
 Interpreting cultural meaning
 Translating findings into Yup’ik for dissemination
to both Yup’ik & English speakers
 English powerpoint slides, with concurrent Yup’ik translation
CANHR Slide 18

19. Reflections on Translation…
 Occurs throughout research process
 Benefit ~ translator who is member of
Yup’ik community & research team
 Must be prepared to provide examples for
“problem” words
 Need balance between respectful listening
& “jumping in” for clarification
 Must identify & assess differences that
emerge between language groups
 Community engagement in research
enhances trustworthiness of findings!
CANHR Slide 19

20. Quyana!
We wish to thank:
• Our collaborating partners . . .
• Community members guiding the project
• Research participants
• YKHC
• Traditional Councils
• CANHR research team.
• COBRE Grant 2P20 RR016430-06A1 from the National Center for Research Resources of
NIH, for their funding.
CANHR

21. Slides 2 & 3: References
Manson, S. M., Beals, J., Klein, S. A., & Croy, C. D. (2005). Social epidemiology of trauma among 2 American Indian reservation
populations. American Journal of Public Health, 95(5), 851-859.
Rivkin, I. D., Lopez, E. D. S., Quaintaince, T. M., Trimble, J., Hopkins, S., Fleming, C., Orr, E. , & Mohatt, G. V. (2011). Value of
community partnership for understanding stress and coping in rural Yup’ik communities: The CANHR study. Journal of Health
Disparities Research and Practice, 4(3), 1-17.
Walters, K. L., & Simoni, J. M. (2002). Reconceptualizing Native women's health: An "indigenist" stress-coping model. American Journal
of Public Health, 92(4), 520-524.
Wolsko, C., Lardon, C., Hopkins, S., & Ruppert, E. (2006). Conceptions of wellness among the Yup'ik of the Yukon-Kuskokwim
Delta: The vitality of social and natural connection. Ethnicity and Health, 11(4), 345-363.
Slides 14-18:
Regmi, K., Naidoo, J., & Pilkingon, P. (2010). Understanding the processes of translation and transliteration in qualitative research.
International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 9(1): 16-26.
www.ejournals..library.ualberta.ca/index.php/IJQM/article/viewArticle/6829.
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in Mandarin. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8(44). Doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-8-44. Electronic version found at:
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/8/44
Squires, A. (2008). Language barriers and qualitative nursing research: methodological considerations. Int Nurs Rev, 55(3):265-273.
doi:10.111/j.1466-7657.2008.00652x
Temple, B., & Young, A. (2004). Qualitative research and translation dilemmas. Qualitative Research, 4(2):161-178. doi:
10.1177/1468794104044430
Twinn, S. (1997). An exploratory study examining the influence of translation on the validity and reliability of qualitative data in
nursing research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 26:418-423. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997026418.x
Wallin, A.M., & Ahlstrom, G. Cross-cultural interview studies using interpreters: systematic literature review. Journal of Advanced
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