Understanding target communities through demographics can help organizations make informed decisions, effectively communicate, empower groups, and advocate. Demographic data from sources like the Census can tell the story of a place, test assumptions, and understand changes. It is important to convert raw data into meaningful knowledge about communities through techniques like storytelling, benchmarking, and analyzing time series trends to understand who comprises a community, how it compares to others, and how it is evolving. Case studies demonstrate how demographic analysis informed decisions for communities.