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This document discusses different philosophical views of the concept of self. It explores perspectives from Socrates, Plato, Immanuel Kant, Rene Descartes, John Locke, and David Hume. Socrates believed in knowing oneself. Plato saw the self as originally all-knowing but forgetting knowledge through earthly exile. Kant saw humans as directing their own actions. Descartes viewed the self as a thinking entity distinct from the body. Locke saw personal identity evolving over a person's life. Hume saw the self as a bundle of perceptions without a clear idea of itself.
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This document discusses different philosophical views of the self. It begins by discussing Socrates' view that knowing oneself is important. It then discusses views of the self from Plato, Kant, Descartes, Locke, Hume, Augustine, Freud, and Erikson. Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality is discussed in more detail, describing the id, ego, and superego. Erikson's psychosocial stages of self-development are also briefly mentioned. The document provides an overview of various thinkers' conceptualizations of human identity and the nature of the self.
CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY (REPOST)
Contemporary philosophy refers to 19th century philosophy onward, dealing with issues like the division between analytic and continental traditions. Existentialism focuses on individual human existence, responsibility, and search for meaning. Key existentialist philosophers discussed include Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, and Schopenhauer. Their works explore themes of the absurdity of life, the death of God, nothingness, authenticity vs. inauthenticity, and the need to create one's own meaning and values in a purposeless world. Existentialism emphasizes individual freedom and responsibility over predetermined essence or values.
Meaning of life
Man has a unique ability to control both external and internal nature and shape his own life and future through choice. He can elevate himself to become like a divine being or degrade himself to live like an animal. The goal of human life is to realize one's innate divinity by controlling nature and manifesting this divine self. To achieve this goal, one must develop their personality by exploring both their external self and internal soul. The means to do so are through understanding karma and using present actions to determine one's future. True identity and meaning in life are found not through wealth, power, or skills but in realizing one's eternal, blissful inner self.
Contemporary Philosophy: Philosophy in current era
Contemporary philosophy refers to philosophy from the late 19th century to today. In the 19th century, philosophy began to divide into analytic philosophy focused on logic, language, and science predominant in the UK/North America, and continental philosophy in Europe focused on existentialism, phenomenology, and other approaches. Existentialism deals with finding meaning in existence and holds that individuals must create their own meaning. Key existentialist philosophers discussed include Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Jean-Paul Sartre, Martin Heidegger, and Arthur Schopenhauer and their views on freedom, responsibility, authenticity, and the absurdity of life.
428536985-The-Self-From-Various-Philosophical-Perspectives.ppt
This document discusses different philosophical views of the self. It begins by defining self and explaining why understanding the self is important. It then examines perspectives on the self from philosophers like Socrates, Plato, Augustine, Descartes, Hume, Kant, Ryle, and Merleau-Ponty. Key points discussed include: Plato's view of the soul having three parts; Augustine and Aquinas' view of humans having both a body and soul; Descartes conception of the mind and body; Hume's view of self as a bundle of perceptions; and Merleau-Ponty's view of the mind and body being intertwined. The document aims to compare these philosophical conceptions of
UTS-PRELIM-L1-Philosophical-Perspective-of-the-Self.pptx
This document discusses different aspects of the self, including self-concept, self-esteem, social self, and self-knowledge. It then provides an overview of several philosophers' perspectives on the nature of the self, including: Socrates' view that the soul and body are separate and the soul's pursuit of wisdom; Plato's view that the soul has three parts - rational, spirited, and appetitive; Aristotle's view that the soul and body are inseparable; and Descartes' view that the mind and body are distinct entities based on his famous phrase "I think therefore I am." The document aims to provide a philosophical journey into discovering the self.
02 existentialism
This document provides an overview of existentialist philosophy through key concepts and thinkers. It discusses how existentialism emphasizes existence over essence, and that humans define themselves through their actions and choices in a world with no inherent meaning or purpose. Individuals have radical freedom and are solely responsible for determining right and wrong. The document also examines concepts of absurdity, nothingness, anxiety, and authenticity in existentialist thought using examples from philosophers like Sartre, Camus, and Nietzsche.
PHILOSOPHICAL-PERSPECTIVE-OF-THE-SELF.pptx.pdf
This document provides an overview of different philosophical perspectives on the self. It discusses ancient Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and their views that the self is composed of both a body and an immortal soul. It outlines Plato's view that the soul has three parts and should be rational and in control. Later philosophers discussed include Descartes, who argued the self is known through conscious thought, Locke's view of tabula rasa, and Hume's perspective that there is no fixed self. Overall, the document examines how philosophy has sought to understand the nature, identity and existence of the self.
DIFFERENT PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF SELF.pptx
the different philosophical perspective self is Sigmund Freud Plato Aristotle Socrates and other philosophy
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The document discusses several key aspects of existentialist philosophy:
1. Existentialism emphasizes individual freedom and responsibility - people have complete freedom to determine their own fate through conscious choices. This means the self is always becoming rather than a fixed essence.
2. With no inherent meaning, the individual must create their own meaning and purpose in life. Morality is also subjective rather than imposed from outside authorities.
3. Existentialist thinkers like Sartre, Camus, and Heidegger explored themes of absurdity, anxiety, authenticity, and finding meaning in a world without inherent purpose or design. They rejected religious and ideological authorities in favor of personal responsibility.
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understanding the self meet and greet
- 1. MEET AND GREET BRYAN DEL ROSARIO ACOBA
- 2. IT’S ALL ABOUT YOU? • College life is said to be the most challenging and exciting phase of your life. It is entirely new adventure that everyone looks forward to. It is a world different from your primary as well as junior and senior high schools.
- 3. CONCEPT AND NATURE OF SELF: WHO AM I?
- 4. QUESTIONS: • Who are you? • How would you describe yourself? • Do you love yourself? Why or Why not? • What are you most grateful for in life? • What are the biggest and most important things you have learned in life so far?
- 5. the philosophical view of self
- 6. Socrates: Know yourself • Socrates is principally concerned with man. he considers man from the point of view of his inner life. • the famous line of socrates, “know your self,” tells each man to bring his inner self to light. a bad man is not virtuous through ignorance; the one who does not follow the good fails to do so because he does not recognize it.
- 7. `
- 8. Plato: The ideal self, the Perfect self • according to Plato, man was omniscient or all-knowing before he came to be born into this world. • with his separation from the paradise of truth and knowledge and his long exile on earth,he forgot most of the knowledge he had. However, by constant remembering through contemplation and doing good, he can regain his former perfections.
- 9. Immanuel Kant:Respect for Self • man is the only creature who governs and directs himself and his actions, who set up ends for himself and his purpose, and who freely orders means for the attainment of his aims.
- 10. Rene Descartes: “I think, therefore I am” • Descartes states that the self is a thinking entity distinct from the body. Although the mind and the body are independent from each other and serve their own function,man must use his own mind and thinking abilities to investigate, analyze, experiment, and develop himself.
- 12. John Locke: Personal Identity • personal identity is the concept about oneself that evolves over the course of an individuals life. It may include aspects of life that man has no control over, such as where he grew up or the color of his skin, as well as choices he makes, like how he spends his time and what he believes.
- 14. David Hume: the self is the bundle theory of mind • for him, man has no “clear and intelligible” idea of the self. • a person can never observe oneself without some other perceptions.
Editor's Notes
- philosophy-pursuit of wisdom an analysis of the grounds of and concepts expressing fundamental beliefs.
- virtuous- innocent
- omniscient-wise