Uni.System™,A Breakthrough Vanadium Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Applications. Research at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), plus the availability of commercial - "off the shelf" - components, has allowed the reliable vanadium flow battery energy storage system to be containerized, produced in volume, and available for onsite and large grid applications.

1. January 2014
Uni.System™,
A Breakthrough
Vanadium Flow Battery
for Grid-Scale Applications
Charles R. Toca
Utility Savings & Refund LLC
(949) 474-0511 x203
ctoca@utility-savings.com

2. ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.2
UET’s Breakthrough Vanadium Flow Battery
 New electrolyte originating at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), now
commercialized with significantly improved stability and nearly doubled energy density
 Large-scale battery stacks, with 7 years of field deployments and sustainably operable
at 2X power density
 Much wider temperature and other allowable operation conditions, with improved reliability
and efficiency
 State-of-art controls, improving performance and minimizing maintenance
 Highly integrated, modular and scalable system packaging

3. 3
UET’s Field-Rugged Storage Product: 125kWAC;400kWh
 Factory integration
precision assembly & QC
 Excellent safety
no thermal runaway
 Temperature agnostic
-40 °C to +50 °C
 SOC agnostic
full capacity access
 Plug & play
rapid deployment
 97% availability
no stripping etc. required
 20-year design life
Unlimited cycles
 100% recyclable
disposal contract included
©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.

4. ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.4
UET’s Modular Uni.System™, 1MWAC
 Systems scalable to multiple MW’s
 Operational flexibility – 0.8ms Battery Response, 50ms System Response
 Grid interconnection ready power interface and controls

5. Example: Substation Deployment – circa 2014
 1 MW; 3.2 MWh
Uni.SystemTM
 Multiple Uses
 T&D Support
 Resource Services
 Renewables Integration
 Utility Substation
 12kV Interconnect
5 ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.

6. ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.
Representative Data for 1 MWAC Uni.System
6
Power (peak) 125 kWDC Container 1 MWAC Uni.System
Max energy capacity 460 kWhDC 3.2 MWhAC
Usable SOC 100% continuous
# of Stacks 3 24
Electrolyte 23m3 184m3
Response time Battery <10 ms System <100 ms
DC Efficiency 75 – 80%DC 75 – 80%DC
AC Efficiency - 65 –70%AC
Voltage 188 VDC
4kV – 14kV3ɸAC ±10%
Voltage range 135 – 250 VDC 465-1000 VDC*
Power Factor - User-controlled : ±0.8
Design Life 20 years
Cycle Life unlimited cycles over the 20 year life
Ambient Temp -40°C to 50°C **
Envelope 8’W x 20’D x 9½’H
2.4 x 6.1 x 2.9 m
41’W x 52’D x 9½’H
12.5 x 15.9 x 2.9 m
Footprint 160 ft2 [15m2] 2,132 ft2 [199m2]
Weight 39 t 340 t
* 465VDC minimum string voltage allows for a battery bypass within a string for n+1 redundancy
** active cooling option available for extended operation above 35°C ambient

7. ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.
UET’s Global Technology Partners
7
RONGKE POWER
Battery Cell Stack Production
Electrolyte Production
New Electrolyte Development

8. ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.
Field-Deployed Systems (Rongke Power)
8
# Year Projects Applications Power Energy
1 2008 China Electric Power Res. Inst. Distributed energy storage 100kW 200kWh
2 2008 Tibet Electric Energy Res. Inst. PV integration 5kW 50kWh
3 2009 Green Residential House Off grid storage 3.5kW 50kWh
4 2010 Green Office Building Off grid storage 60kW 300kWh
5 2010 EV Charging Station Peaking capacity, power quality 60kW 600kWh
6 2010 Telecom Station Remote Area Power Supply 3.5kW 54kWh
7 2011 Island Keeper House Off grid storage 10kW 200kWh
8 2011 Telecom Station Remote Area Power Supply 3.5kW 48kWh
9 2011 Ningxia Electric Power Group Off grid storage 3.5kW 14kWh
10 2012 Wind Turbine Supplier Smart microgrid storage 200kW 800kWh
11 2013 Wind Farm near Shenyang Wind smoothing 5MW 10MWh
12 2013 Wind Farm Wind smoothing 3MW 6MWh
TOTALS 8.5MW 18.3MWh
Rongke Power has built the most powerful and mature electrode stack in the world.
Integration with UET’s electrolyte technology and packaging yields a highly compelling
MW-class energy storage solution.

9. ©2014 UniEnergy Technologies, LLC. All rights reserved.9
Technology Comparison
Technology
Degradation
%/yr
Footprint,
System
level
Safety O&M
AC-AC
Efficiency
Operational
Flexibility
Scalability
UET
Adv-VFB
0%
+
2-3% of
CAPEX
65-70%
+ +
NaNiCl 5-8% 3-5% of
CAPEX
60-75%
LION LFP
Hi end
4-6% 2-3% of
CAPEX
80-85%
LION LFP
Low end
5-7% 3-4% of
CAPEX
75-80%
LION LTO 2-4% 2-3% of
CAPEX
85-90%
A-PbA 10-25% 3-6% of
CAPEX
65-75%
NAS 6-10% 3-5% of
CAPEX
60-75%
VFB 0% 3-5% of
CAPEX
55-65%
Non-Flow systems add cells to scale power and energy capacity, with multiple-100K’s of cells
for larger systems. UET scales to 10-100 MW, 20-400 MWh for transmission scale projects.