Exdplanation about the different type of structures you can find all around the world

1. Technologies 1º ESO
Mila Castillo
December 2014

2. Artificial and natural structures
Every living being as well as every object we create need a structure that give them stability, rigidity and resistance.

3. Vaulted structures
•The arch was a good solution to enable builders to cover larger spaces. They bear compression stresses and don’t need neither mortar nor cement to be self-supporting.
•Vaulted structures has been used to construct magnificient cathedral and other buildings. They are still used today

4. Semi-circular Arch

5. Lobed Arches

6. Horseshoe Arches

7. Pointed arches

10. Massive structures
The first human- made structuras were carved from rock or used natural pieces of stone to build them

11. Rolled and plate structures
Some structures are made from thin sheets of metal, plastic or other materials. As they can be bent, they are very resistant. The ridges on a plastic cup and on different construction materials give rigidity to the structures, that is, they are difficult to deform

12. Lattice structures
Modern buildings or flats are bear by a set of pillars and beams. These structural elements are sujected to compression, traction, bending, torsion and shear streesses.
A foundation avoid the structure from sinking into the ground.

13. Triangulated structures
Metal and wood bars are used to build triangulated structures. They are very light, versatile and resistant. They can cover large spaces, as well as get great heights.

14. Suspended structures
Suspended atructures are hung from cables called tie rods. They can only bear traction stresses. They can adapt their shape to different loads at different times.

15. Pneumatic structures
Compressed air give the pneumatic structure the chance to be very light and versatile. The whole structure can be pneumatic or only paart of them, such as the arches. They are frequently used in funfair attarctions.

16. Geodesic structures
They are three dimentional triangulated structure. They combine the valuable properties of the vaulted and the lattice structures.
The main shape used is the tetrahedrom.