there are various types of gloves used in dentistry. Thus presentation discusses a small number of them, including their advantages and disadvantages. Latex allergy causes, prevention and treatment are also discussed.

1. GLOVES IN
DENTISTRY

2. Presented by:
Khalid Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim
Course:
Infection Control (Pharos University Postgraduate program)

3. OUTLINE
 -Types of Gloves
 -Classification according to use
 -Comparison of Glove Material in Dentistry
 -Hand Hygine and proper handling of gloves.
 -Latex Gloves
 *Definition
 *characteristics
 -Latex Allergies
 *Definition
 *Types
 *Prevalence
 *Management

4. INTRODUCTION
No single glove can provide appropriate
protection for every work situation
It is important to assess the risk for each task
and select a glove that provides specialized
protection.

5. TYPES OF GLOVES
Rubber, plastic or synthetic
gloves:
These types of glove can be
used when cleaning or working
with oils, solvents and other
chemicals.

6. TYPES OF GLOVES
Chemical/liquid-resistant gloves:
Several types of gloves help protect against specific chemicals:
Butyl rubber gloves
Natural latex/rubber gloves
Neoprene gloves
Nitrile rubber gloves
Vinyl Gloves

7. TYPES OF GLOVES
Chemical/liquid-
resistant gloves:
Natural Latex/ rubber
gloves:
water solutions or acids,
alkalis, salts, and
ketones.

8. TYPES OF GLOVES
Chemical/liquid-resistant
gloves:
Neoprene gloves:
Hydraulic fluids, gasoline,
alcohols and organic acids.

9. TYPES OF GLOVES
Chemical/liquid-
resistant gloves:
Nitrile Gloves:
Made out of a synthetic
rubber, and are an ideal
alternative when latex
allergies are of concern.
Superior when it comes
to puncture resistance.

10. TYPES OF GLOVES
Nitrile Gloves:
Advantages:
 -Latex-free
 puncture resistant
 High level of sensitivity
 Mold to your hand for a great fit
 Are good for wearing an extended amount of time
 Work well for high-risk situations involving infectious material
 Resist many chemicals
 Have a long shelf life
 Are available in blue or black to help identify if the glove has been punctured

11. TYPES OF GLOVES
Chemical/liquid-resistant gloves:
Vinyl Gloves:
 Latex-free
 Have a looser fit
 Are good for short-term, low-risk tasks
 Are the most economic option
 Best for use with non-hazardous
materials
 Lightly powdered to make it easier to
put on

12. Classification according to use in
Medical field
- Examination Gloves
- Surgeons’ Gloves
- Both are subject to FDA criteria and only those
specified by the FDA may be used in Medical and
dental fields on patients.

13. 1. Kohn WG, Collins AS, Cleveland JL, et al. Guidelines for infection control in dental health care settings — 2003. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003;52(RR-17):1-68. Available
at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5217a1.htm. Accessed June 2004.

14. Dental Supplement | Medical Glove Selection for Dental Professionals

15. proper handling of gloves.

16. Hand Hygiene

17. LATEX GLOVES
Definition:
The term "latex" refers to natural rubber latex.
It is the product manufactured from a milky fluid derived
from the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis.
Several types of synthetic rubber are also referred to as
"latex," but these do not release the proteins that cause
allergic reactions.

18. LATEX GLOVES: ADVANTAGES
Superior fit
High level of touch sensitivity
Can be worn for an extended
amount of time
Work well for high-risk situations
involving infectious material
Cost-effective
Lightly powdered
Very elastic and strong
Biodegradable

19. REACTIONS TO LATEX
Types:
Immediate Hypersensitivity
Delayed Hypersensitivity
Irritant Contact Dermatitis

20. REACTIONS TO LATEX: LATEX ALLERGY
Who is at risk of developing
latex allergy?
Health care workers
Workers with less glove use.
(ex: housekeepers, hairdressers, and latex manufacture)

21. REACTIONS TO LATEX: LATEX ALLERGY
Immediate Hypersensitivity
A reaction to certain proteins in
latex rubber.
Amount that produces reaction:
Unknown.
Relationship between amount of
exposure and likelihood of
sensitivity: Directly proportional

22. REACTIONS TO LATEX: LATEX ALLERGY
SYMPTOMS:
Onset:
Usually immediate, but may be delayed.
Mild reactions:
skin redness, rash, hives, or itching.

23. REACTIONS TO LATEX: LATEX ALLERGY
More severe reactions: respiratory symptoms
(such as runny nose, sneezing, itchy eyes, scratchy
throat, and asthma (difficult breathing, coughing
spells, and wheezing).
Rarely, shock may occur;
however, a life-threatening reaction is seldom the
first sign of latex allergy.

24. REACTIONS TO LATEX: LATEX ALLERGY
Is skin contact the only type of latex exposure?
No. Latex proteins become fastened to the lubricant powder used
in some gloves.
When workers change gloves, the protein/powder particles
become airborne and can be inhaled.

25. REACTIONS TO LATEX: IRRITIANT
CONTACT DERMATITIS
Are there other types of reactions to
latex besides latex allergy?
Yes.
1) irritant contact dermatitis
(the development of dry, itchy, irritated
areas on the skin, usually the hands.)
Cause: wearing + powder

26. REACTIONS TO LATEX: ALLERGIC
CONTACT DERMATITIS
2) Allergic Contact Dermatitis:
Cause:
exposure to chemicals added to latex during
harvesting, processing, or manufacturing.
similar to those caused by poison ivy.
Symptoms:
rash 24 to 48 hours after contact
oozing skin blisters

27. LATEX ALLERGY PREVELANCE
Recent reports in the scientific literature indicate that from about 1% to 6% of
the general population and about 8% to 12% of regularly exposed health care
workers are sensitized to latex
[Kelly et al. 1996; Katelaris et al. 1996; Liss et al. 1997; Ownby
et al. 1996; Sussman and Beezhold 1995].
one study of exposed hospital workers found that 54% of those sensitized had
latex asthma, with an overall prevalence of latex asthma of 2.5%
[Vandenplas et al. 1995].
Prevalence rates up to 11% are reported for non-health care workers exposed to
latex at work
[van derWalle and Brunsveld 1995; Nasuruddin et al. 1993; Orfan et al.
1994; Tarle et al. 1990].

28. MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE REACTION
TO LATEX
“PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE”
1 . Use non latex gloves.
2. Use powder free latex gloves.
3. When wearing latex gloves, do not use oil-based hand
creams or lotions ( glove deterioration)

29. MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE REACTION
TO LATEX
PREVENTION (CONT.)
4. Frequently clean work areas contaminated with latex dust
5. Frequently change the ventilation filters and vacuum
bags.
6. Recognize the symptoms of latex allergy
7. If you develop symptoms of latex allergy, avoid direct
contact with latex.

30. MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE REACTION
TO LATEX
Best way to prevent latex allergy?
avoidance!
Established latex allergy:
Medical ID Bracelet.

31. MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE REACTION
TO LATEX
severe allergic reaction:
injectable epinephrine.
Anaphylactic shock, you may need:
- injection of adrenaline
- ER
- Oxygen
- Corticosteroids
less severe reactions:
- Antihistamines

32. SUMMARY
There are many types of gloves, each for a specific use.
Latex rubber is one of the most widely used materials in
manufacture of gloves.
The best method to prevent latex allergy is by avoiding latex
products.

33. REFERENCES
-Kohn WG, Collins AS, Cleveland JL, et al. Guidelines for infection control in dental health care settings —
2003. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003;52(RR-17):1-68. Available
at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5217a1.htm. Accessed June 2004.
--[Kelly et al. 1996; Katelaris et al. 1996; Liss et al. 1997; Ownby et al. 1996; Sussman and Beezhold 1995].
-[Vandenplas et al. 1995].
-[van derWalle and Brunsveld 1995; Nasuruddin et al. 1993; Orfan et al. 1994; Tarle et al. 1990].
DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-135:Preventing Allergic Reactions to Natural Rubber Latex in the Workplace
Guide to Infection Prevention for Outpatient Settings: Minimum Expectations for Safe Care
http://www.cdc.gov/hai/settings/outpatient/outpatient-care-guidelines.html