Bonds are debt instruments issued by organizations and governments to borrow funds that have a fixed maturity period of over one year. Bond holders receive interest payments, called coupon rates, on the principal amount until the bond matures. There are different types of bonds including serial bonds that mature individually over time, sinking fund bonds where part of the proceeds go into a sinking fund for repayment, and convertible bonds that can be exchanged for shares of common stock. Governments and corporations issue various bond types to meet their long-term borrowing needs.

1. TYPES OF BONDS

2. Meaning
O Bonds refer to debt instruments bearing interest on
maturity. In simple terms, organizations may
borrow funds by issuing debt securities named
bonds, having a fixed maturity period (more than
one year) and pay a specified rate of interest
(coupon rate) on the principal amount to the
holders.
O Bonds have a maturity period of more than one
year which differentiates it from other debt
securities like commercial papers, treasury bills
and other money market instruments.

3. Features of Bonds
O Issued by corporation
O Creditors of the company
O Return is in the form of interest
O Interest called as coupon rate
O Issued denomination of Rs 100, 500,1000 etc

4. TYPES OF BONDS
 Serial Bonds
 Sinking Fund Bonds
 Registered Bonds
 Mortgage Bonds
 Corporate Bonds
 Convertible Bonds
 Zero Coupon Bonds

5.  Muncipal bonds
 Government bonds
 Fixed Rate bonds
 Floating Rate bonds
 War bonds
 Perpetual bonds

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