The document discusses the growing divisions between the North and South leading up to the Civil War, including differences in their economies and views on states' rights and slavery. It focuses on events in Texas, including Sam Houston warning Texans that the North would go to great lengths to preserve the Union. Despite Houston's efforts to delay it, the Texas Secession Convention voted to join the Confederacy in 1861. Houston was then removed as governor for refusing to pledge allegiance to the Confederacy.

1. Chapter 18: Texas & the Civil War Section 1: Slavery & States’ Rights

4. Growing National Divisions

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16. “ Some of you laugh to scorn the idea of bloodshed as the result of secession, but let me tell you what is coming....Your fathers and husbands, your sons and brothers, will be herded at the point of the bayonet....You may after the sacrifice of countless millions of treasure and hundreds of thousands of lives, as a bare possibility, win Southern independence...but I doubt it. I tell you that, while I believe with you in the doctrine of state rights, the North is determined to preserve this Union. They are not a fiery, impulsive people as you are, for they live in colder climates. But when they begin to move in a given direction...they move with the steady momentum and perseverance of a mighty avalanche; and what I fear is, they will overwhelm the South. “ --Sam Houston

23. Sam Houston dies July 26, 1863 in Huntsville, Texas