Twins Francisco Azuaje and Luis Escala married twins. There are two types of twins: monozygotic (identical) twins who develop from one zygote, and dizygotic (fraternal) twins who develop from separate eggs and sperm. Genetics follows three main laws: the law of segregation which states that offspring receive one allele from each parent for a trait; the law of independent assortment which states that genes for different traits are passed independently; and the law of dominance which states that the dominant gene is usually expressed over the recessive gene. Punnett squares can be used to predict genetic outcomes of crosses, while genotype refers to genetic makeup and phenotype to observable physical traits.

1. Twins marry twins
Francisco Azuaje
And
Luis Escala

2. Introduction to twins
• is one of two offspring produced in the
same pregnancy.
• Monozygotic: they develop from one
zygote that splits and forms two embryos
• Dizygotic: they develop from two separate
eggs that are fertilized by two
separate sperms.

3. Genetic Laws
• Law of segregation:
• every one possesses a pair of alleles
• The offspring then receives its own pair of
alleles for that trait possesses a pair of alleles

4. Genetic Laws
• Law of independent assortment
• also known as "Inheritance Law”
• separate genes for separate traits are passed
independently of one another from parents to
offspring

5. Genetic Laws
• Law of dominance:
• Mendel’s law of dominance states that if you
have a pair of genes then the one that shows
up in the offspring is most likely the dominant
gene because the dominant is passed along
more often than the recessive.

6. Punnet Squares
• Diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a
particular cross
• Is used by biology to
determine the probability
of an offspring's having
a particular genotype.

7. Genotype and phenotype
• Genotype is the genetic makeup of a cell, an
organism, or an individual usually with
reference to a specific character under
consideration
• Phenotype: is the composite of an organism's
observable characteristics or traits, it is like
the physical.