1) The document discusses how television shows appeal to audiences through gratifications as defined in Blumler and Katz's model. It provides examples of how shows like Lost, Mad Men, and Peaky Blinders construct narratives and use techniques to appeal to both active and passive audiences.
2) Specific techniques discussed include the use of flashbacks in Lost to provide models of behavior for audiences, the historical and social information in Mad Men appealing to active viewers, and Peaky Blinders avoiding stereotypes to appeal to local audiences.
3) The document analyzes how texts target different audience types through elements like cinematography, use of non-diegetic sound, genre blending, and inclusion of famous actors.