Hoffer Flow Controls manufactures high precision turbine flowmeters for the cryogenic industry and is the world leader in turbine flowmeter technology for the measurement of clean liquids and gases throughout the processing industries.
Thermal dispersion switch for flow, level, interface, or temperatureFlow-Tech, Inc.
FCI liquid level/interface switches feature thermal dispersion technology in which the temperature difference between the two RTDs is greatest in the absence of liquid and decreases when the level element is submerged, cooling the heated RTD.
FCI flow switches feature thermal dispersion technology in which the temperature difference is greatest in a no-flow condition and decreases as flow increases, cooling the heated RTD. Changes in flow velocity directly affect the extent to which heat dissipates and, in turn, the magnitude of the temperature difference between the RTDs.
GE Advanced Modular Calibrator for Process Measurement InstrumentsFlow-Tech, Inc.
The DPI 620 Genii is an easy to use, rugged, and highly accurate multifunction instrument for calibrating & maintaining process instrumentation. Its modular design and functionality means it can be expanded over time and tailored to applications as needs change. With options that include HART / Fieldbus / Profibus communications, it’s a powerful, simple to use and high accuracy calibrator.
Process Digital Bargraph Display for Industrial Control and AutomationClassic Controls, Inc.
Commercial bargraphs are designed for use in non-nuclear environments. They may be used as HI-LO, on/off, or differential gap controllers and/or annunciators in process or other control applications. Fully programmable, these are the preferred choice for new applications, or for replacement of set point controllers, switchboard meters, other common size indicators.
The Fox Model FT4X, is the newest Thermal Gas Mass Flow Meter offered from Fox Thermal Instruments.
The Model FT4X measures gas flow rate in standard units (MSCFD, SCFM, NM³/hr, LBS/HR, KG/HR & many more) without the need for temperature and pressure compensation.
The two most important design innovations on the new FT4A are the new 2nd Generation DDCSensor™ and the expanded GasSelectX® gas selection menu.
Like all Fox meters, the rugged FT4A measures gas flow rate in standard units without the need for temperature or pressure compensation.
Yokogawa released the world's first vortex flowmeter in 1968. Thanks to its long-term stability and high accuracy, our customers have achieved significant improvements in productivity over the past forty years. In response to ever changing market needs, Yokogawa has gone on to release high temperature, cryogenic, dual-sensor, reduced bore, and FOUNDATION Fieldbus communication versions of this product.
Data Acquisition Equipment for Automation and Process ControlMiller Energy, Inc.
Power generation, process automation, and factory automation in manufacturing industries require rigorous, continuous monitoring in the control room. Yokogawa's DX series recorders are purpose-built data acquisition systems designed for industrial automation.
Making the best instrument selection for a flow measurement application should include an assessment of what the operators really need in order to safely and effectively run the process or perform the task related to the measurement of fluid flow.
Thermal dispersion switch for flow, level, interface, or temperatureFlow-Tech, Inc.
FCI liquid level/interface switches feature thermal dispersion technology in which the temperature difference between the two RTDs is greatest in the absence of liquid and decreases when the level element is submerged, cooling the heated RTD.
FCI flow switches feature thermal dispersion technology in which the temperature difference is greatest in a no-flow condition and decreases as flow increases, cooling the heated RTD. Changes in flow velocity directly affect the extent to which heat dissipates and, in turn, the magnitude of the temperature difference between the RTDs.
GE Advanced Modular Calibrator for Process Measurement InstrumentsFlow-Tech, Inc.
The DPI 620 Genii is an easy to use, rugged, and highly accurate multifunction instrument for calibrating & maintaining process instrumentation. Its modular design and functionality means it can be expanded over time and tailored to applications as needs change. With options that include HART / Fieldbus / Profibus communications, it’s a powerful, simple to use and high accuracy calibrator.
Process Digital Bargraph Display for Industrial Control and AutomationClassic Controls, Inc.
Commercial bargraphs are designed for use in non-nuclear environments. They may be used as HI-LO, on/off, or differential gap controllers and/or annunciators in process or other control applications. Fully programmable, these are the preferred choice for new applications, or for replacement of set point controllers, switchboard meters, other common size indicators.
The Fox Model FT4X, is the newest Thermal Gas Mass Flow Meter offered from Fox Thermal Instruments.
The Model FT4X measures gas flow rate in standard units (MSCFD, SCFM, NM³/hr, LBS/HR, KG/HR & many more) without the need for temperature and pressure compensation.
The two most important design innovations on the new FT4A are the new 2nd Generation DDCSensor™ and the expanded GasSelectX® gas selection menu.
Like all Fox meters, the rugged FT4A measures gas flow rate in standard units without the need for temperature or pressure compensation.
Yokogawa released the world's first vortex flowmeter in 1968. Thanks to its long-term stability and high accuracy, our customers have achieved significant improvements in productivity over the past forty years. In response to ever changing market needs, Yokogawa has gone on to release high temperature, cryogenic, dual-sensor, reduced bore, and FOUNDATION Fieldbus communication versions of this product.
Data Acquisition Equipment for Automation and Process ControlMiller Energy, Inc.
Power generation, process automation, and factory automation in manufacturing industries require rigorous, continuous monitoring in the control room. Yokogawa's DX series recorders are purpose-built data acquisition systems designed for industrial automation.
Making the best instrument selection for a flow measurement application should include an assessment of what the operators really need in order to safely and effectively run the process or perform the task related to the measurement of fluid flow.
The 212 Heat Calculator is designed to measure the energy consumed in hot water heating systems and chilled water
cooling systems. The 212 will interface with a wide range
of flowmeters, including vortex and magnetic flowmeters with pulse outputs, positive displacement and inferential water meters, turbine and paddle wheel flowmeters.
Parker Balston is a division of Parker Hannifin, world’s leading diversified manufacturer of motion and control technologies and systems. Balston manufacturers industrial filters and filtration technology, replacement filter elements, compressed air dryers, nitrogen generators, and compressed air microbial detection.
The FLUXUS G704 is FLEXIM's gas flow meter for permanent installation in nearly any gas flow metering application. Its non-intrusive measurement technology ensures a precise bi-directional, highly dynamic gas flow measurement of operational and standard volume flows.
Thermal dispersion mass flow transmitters measure mass flow by detecting heat dissipation from a heated surface. The sensor contains two mass balanced elements with precision matched RTDs. The reference sensor measures the process temperature (up to +400° F [+200° C]); the second RTD measures the temperature of the heated sensor. The power to the heater is varied to maintain a constant temperature difference above the reference temperature.
There is an inherent non-linear relationship between power and mass flow. A microprocessor compares the power against the calibration curve and converts the power requirements to the mass flow rate. Temperature is also measured to provide temperature compensation of the mass flow over the operating range of the instrument.
Magnetrol International has launched the PULSAR Model R86 Non-Contact Radar transmitter, an advanced level control solution that offers radar technology with improved performance for a wide range of level measurement applications.
The PULSAR Model R86 is designed to provide
outstanding accuracy, reliability and safety for
virtually all process industries.
ignalFire’s unique patent-pending two-way mesh technology provides the power and stability needed for reliable data transfer over long node-to-node distances. They couple an innovative message-forwarding architecture with low-cost, high-power ISM-band radios, creating a simple, affordable system that’s easy to deploy. Their technology is ideal for applications calling for many assets widely dispersed (up to 4 miles point-to-point), such as flow, level, pressure, and temperature, and can control devices such as pumps, valves, fans, and lighting.
Series One Safety Transmitter, Pressure and Temperature SwitchIves Equipment
The One Series Safety Transmitter is a transmitter-switch for monitoring pressure or temperature and meets the requirements of SIL 2 for random integrity at HFT = 0, SIL 3 for random integrity at HFT = 1 and SIL 3 for systematic capability. The One Series Safety Transmitter incorporates UE’s patented IAW self diagnostics, redundant and diverse signal processing and software algorithms to detect abnormalities in the process and internal faults. The design is based on a powerful microprocessor that provides an extremely fast response time for emergency shutdown situations.
Magnetrol is a globally recognized manufacturer of level and flow measurement instrumentation and devices. Technologies include inferential and direct measurement.
The PK200 current-to-pneumatic (I/P) converter offers a low-cost method to convert a milliamp input (4-20 or 10-50mA analog signals) to a proportional pneumatic (air pressure) output. The unit is designed for a broad range of process control applications, including those that feature pneumatic actuating equipment. The PK200 features built-in stainless steel input/output gauges.
White paper provides description of function and application of current to pneumatic (I/P) transducers, along with operational diagrams and recommended practices.
Toshniwal - Thermal mass flow meters and controllerSangeethaS99
THERMAL MASS FLOW METERS AND CONTROLLER
The range of Thermal Mass Flow Meters from Bronkhorst address high accuracy in low flow rate scenarios like those seen in laboratory and Pilot plant usages. With a housing designed for laboratory and clean processing conditions, the instruments are truly unique in their capability to measure and control flow ranges between 0,014…0,7 mln/min and 8…1670 ln/min with pressure rating between vacuum and 400 bar – all in one range of instruments.
FEATURES
Rangeability in digital mode up to 1:150
High accuracy (standard 0,5% Rd plus 0,1% FS)
Pressure ratings 64 / 100 bar
Highly resistant to mechanical shocks and pressure fluctuations
Large range of Input/output options to choose from
Extremely fast and dynamic response
User configurable control characteristics
Applications
Analytical/environmental equipment
Gas flow monitoring in food, chemical and petrochemical industries
Gas consumption measurement in gas distribution systems for internal accounting purposes
Detection of gas leakage through objects
Semiconductor manufacturing
Surface treatment installations
The Vanguard WirelessHART gas detector is ideal for the monitoring of toxic and combustible gases without the need for costly and fixed wiring. With a five year battery life and one button calibration, the Vanguard detector is easy to operate and maintain.
Each Vanguard detector has a WirelessHART transceiver, an antenna, a display, a long life power module, a gas sensor, and a signal processor for the gas sensor. Vanguard uses a sensor architecture trademarked “Flexsense,” which allows the sensor to identify its target gas and self-configure to a Vanguard transmitter upon connection.
Hoffer Flow Controls has been designing and manufacturing quality turbine flowmeters and related process instrumentation. Hoffer Flow Controls manufactures high precision turbine flowmeters, not only for the cryogenic industry but is a world leader in turbine flowmeter technology for the measurement of clean liquids and gases throughout the processing industries.
Explosion Proof/Flame Proof (Ex D) Sensors for Hazardous Area Now Available i...Ives Equipment
Macnaught’s Positive Displacement Flow Meters are suitable for a wide range of industrial applications including fuel and oil distribution, corrosive chemical, solvent measurement and high pressure applications to name a few.
Macnaught is proud to now extend its range of pulse output options to include Ex D flame proof approved sensors for hazardous areas.
The 212 Heat Calculator is designed to measure the energy consumed in hot water heating systems and chilled water
cooling systems. The 212 will interface with a wide range
of flowmeters, including vortex and magnetic flowmeters with pulse outputs, positive displacement and inferential water meters, turbine and paddle wheel flowmeters.
Parker Balston is a division of Parker Hannifin, world’s leading diversified manufacturer of motion and control technologies and systems. Balston manufacturers industrial filters and filtration technology, replacement filter elements, compressed air dryers, nitrogen generators, and compressed air microbial detection.
The FLUXUS G704 is FLEXIM's gas flow meter for permanent installation in nearly any gas flow metering application. Its non-intrusive measurement technology ensures a precise bi-directional, highly dynamic gas flow measurement of operational and standard volume flows.
Thermal dispersion mass flow transmitters measure mass flow by detecting heat dissipation from a heated surface. The sensor contains two mass balanced elements with precision matched RTDs. The reference sensor measures the process temperature (up to +400° F [+200° C]); the second RTD measures the temperature of the heated sensor. The power to the heater is varied to maintain a constant temperature difference above the reference temperature.
There is an inherent non-linear relationship between power and mass flow. A microprocessor compares the power against the calibration curve and converts the power requirements to the mass flow rate. Temperature is also measured to provide temperature compensation of the mass flow over the operating range of the instrument.
Magnetrol International has launched the PULSAR Model R86 Non-Contact Radar transmitter, an advanced level control solution that offers radar technology with improved performance for a wide range of level measurement applications.
The PULSAR Model R86 is designed to provide
outstanding accuracy, reliability and safety for
virtually all process industries.
ignalFire’s unique patent-pending two-way mesh technology provides the power and stability needed for reliable data transfer over long node-to-node distances. They couple an innovative message-forwarding architecture with low-cost, high-power ISM-band radios, creating a simple, affordable system that’s easy to deploy. Their technology is ideal for applications calling for many assets widely dispersed (up to 4 miles point-to-point), such as flow, level, pressure, and temperature, and can control devices such as pumps, valves, fans, and lighting.
Series One Safety Transmitter, Pressure and Temperature SwitchIves Equipment
The One Series Safety Transmitter is a transmitter-switch for monitoring pressure or temperature and meets the requirements of SIL 2 for random integrity at HFT = 0, SIL 3 for random integrity at HFT = 1 and SIL 3 for systematic capability. The One Series Safety Transmitter incorporates UE’s patented IAW self diagnostics, redundant and diverse signal processing and software algorithms to detect abnormalities in the process and internal faults. The design is based on a powerful microprocessor that provides an extremely fast response time for emergency shutdown situations.
Magnetrol is a globally recognized manufacturer of level and flow measurement instrumentation and devices. Technologies include inferential and direct measurement.
The PK200 current-to-pneumatic (I/P) converter offers a low-cost method to convert a milliamp input (4-20 or 10-50mA analog signals) to a proportional pneumatic (air pressure) output. The unit is designed for a broad range of process control applications, including those that feature pneumatic actuating equipment. The PK200 features built-in stainless steel input/output gauges.
White paper provides description of function and application of current to pneumatic (I/P) transducers, along with operational diagrams and recommended practices.
Toshniwal - Thermal mass flow meters and controllerSangeethaS99
THERMAL MASS FLOW METERS AND CONTROLLER
The range of Thermal Mass Flow Meters from Bronkhorst address high accuracy in low flow rate scenarios like those seen in laboratory and Pilot plant usages. With a housing designed for laboratory and clean processing conditions, the instruments are truly unique in their capability to measure and control flow ranges between 0,014…0,7 mln/min and 8…1670 ln/min with pressure rating between vacuum and 400 bar – all in one range of instruments.
FEATURES
Rangeability in digital mode up to 1:150
High accuracy (standard 0,5% Rd plus 0,1% FS)
Pressure ratings 64 / 100 bar
Highly resistant to mechanical shocks and pressure fluctuations
Large range of Input/output options to choose from
Extremely fast and dynamic response
User configurable control characteristics
Applications
Analytical/environmental equipment
Gas flow monitoring in food, chemical and petrochemical industries
Gas consumption measurement in gas distribution systems for internal accounting purposes
Detection of gas leakage through objects
Semiconductor manufacturing
Surface treatment installations
The Vanguard WirelessHART gas detector is ideal for the monitoring of toxic and combustible gases without the need for costly and fixed wiring. With a five year battery life and one button calibration, the Vanguard detector is easy to operate and maintain.
Each Vanguard detector has a WirelessHART transceiver, an antenna, a display, a long life power module, a gas sensor, and a signal processor for the gas sensor. Vanguard uses a sensor architecture trademarked “Flexsense,” which allows the sensor to identify its target gas and self-configure to a Vanguard transmitter upon connection.
Hoffer Flow Controls has been designing and manufacturing quality turbine flowmeters and related process instrumentation. Hoffer Flow Controls manufactures high precision turbine flowmeters, not only for the cryogenic industry but is a world leader in turbine flowmeter technology for the measurement of clean liquids and gases throughout the processing industries.
Explosion Proof/Flame Proof (Ex D) Sensors for Hazardous Area Now Available i...Ives Equipment
Macnaught’s Positive Displacement Flow Meters are suitable for a wide range of industrial applications including fuel and oil distribution, corrosive chemical, solvent measurement and high pressure applications to name a few.
Macnaught is proud to now extend its range of pulse output options to include Ex D flame proof approved sensors for hazardous areas.
GEMS offers a choice of pressure switches, from compact cylindrical
models for OEM use, to larger, enclosed units for rugged process
applications. These switches are ideal for the filtering process of
coolants in the machine tool industry, use in transmissions of
off-highway vehicles and as redundant systems with existing monitors
such as transducers.
From its beginnings in 1966, Kammer valves have been engineered and manufactured for specific answers to tough applications. Although, more than half of all Kammer valves are custom designed, custom applications often do not require additional time or cost due to the versatility and interchangeability of the Kammer design.
The GS valve is a high performance variable orifice control valve. Known as a sliding gate valve, the GS3 seat design features a non turbulent, straight through flow path. The flow is broken apart into multiple streams creating a reduced field of energy. The result is greater service life, quieter operation and a control valve that performs at the highest levels possible within extreme conditions. Maximized temperatures and pressures, 986 F and 1,450 psi. Sizes 1/2″ – 10″ (DN 15 – 250) Carbon Steel and 316 Ti Stainless Steel, and Hastelloy C4 in select sizes.
GE's Bently Nevada 3500 Monitoring System provides continuous, online monitoring suitable for machinery protection and asset condition monitoring applications. It represents their most capable and flexible system in a traditional rack-based design and offers numerous features and advantages not provided in other systems.
Brooks Instrument Series GF40 Installation and Operation ManualFlow-Tech, Inc.
Based upon Brooks award-winning GF100 Series, the GF40 Series is a performance/value MFC platform designed for OEM applications, delivering the following class leading features:
• MultiFloTM process gas and flow range programmability, enabling customers to re-configure the MFC for new gases and full scale flow rates for unparalleled process flexibility.
• A high-performance, corrosion-resistant flow measurement sensor delivers improved reproducibility and stability.
• A variety of elastomer options enable customers to select the optimum and most cost effective mix of products for their application.
• Full range of industrial communication protocols (DeviceNet, Profibus DP-V1, and EtherCAT).
• An independent service/diagnostic port enables on-tool reconfiguration/ optimization, data logging, and troubleshooting without having to remove the MFC from the gas line.
Solving Critical Process Applications for the Water and Wastewater IndustryFlow-Tech, Inc.
Fluid Components International recognized the need for flow and level instrumentation which met specific customer requirements and demands for the Water and Wastewater Industry. By utilizing Thermal Dispersion and Coriolis technology exclusively in all FCI flow, level, interface, temperature switches and mass flow meters, our products solve typical Water and Wastewater Industry application challenges with standard product features.
Precise and easy non-invasive ultrasonic thermal energy measurement. District heating and cooling, Combined heat and power (CHP), Heating plants, Chiller plants, Sub-metering, Energy optimization, Leak Detection, Energy performance of buildings, Energy Audits, Energy Management System
Yokogawa, globally recognized leader in a number of process control fields, has authored an e-book which provides useful insight into how operators of combustion based equipment and systems can improve efficiency and enhance safety by employing modern technology.
New Class of MFCs with Embedded Flow DiagnosticsFlow-Tech, Inc.
Recent trends in multi-sensor measurements within a mass flow controller are reviewed, with a focus on controller self-diagnostics.
While the quality, reliability, accuracy, response and range of MFCs continues to improve year after year, the process is still at risk because meaningful real-time in situ data is limited or nonexistent.
Drager PointGard 2000 Series Gas Detection SystemFlow-Tech, Inc.
The Drager PointGard® 2000 series is a self-contained gas detection system for the continuous area monitoring of toxic or flammable gases in ambient air. PointGard® 2000’s rugged, water-resistant enclosure comes complete with a horn and strobes, a built-in power supply, and reliable DragerSensor®.
The FLUXUS G601 CA Energy is the ideal tool for carrying out complete energy efficiency tasks in the industry as well as within facility management (e.g. according to DIN ISO 50001 standards) by allowing the measurement of compressed air flow rates as well as the monitoring of thermal energy quantities and the flow rate determination of any kind of liquid or gaseous media with just one device.
Improve Process Control Security Using Annunciators as WatchersFlow-Tech, Inc.
Software-based systems are vulnerable to cyber attacks. Most of the industrial control networks (CAN, PROFI, Control Area, Ethernet and RS485) connect to the internet or other computer networks which are not fully protected from hackers and viruses. Present day industrial DCS/PLC control systems come with redun- dancy systems to eliminate shutdowns in case of DCS/PLC hardware failures. However, this does not protect your DCS/PLC system from any type of cyber attack. Without proper protection, the safety and/or operation of your plant or business are put at great risk.
Engineers with small line size processes rely on the versatile Wafer-Cone Flow Meter for superior accuracy and repeatability. The space-saving unit is easy to install. It’s ideal for tight-space installations and retrofits.
The flangeless Wafer-Cone® is compact, less costly and easy to install. The cone conditions the flow so the Wafer-Cone requires minimal upstream or downstream pipe runs and can be installed virtually anywhere in a piping system. Ideal for small line sizes and with no moving parts, no replacement parts or scheduled maintenance, this meter offers a low cost of ownership and long life.
Reduce Unplanned Outages and Improve Profitability with Asset Condition Monit...Flow-Tech, Inc.
Continuously monitoring critical asset parameters such as vibration, temperature, speed, and numerous other condition indicators is a proven method for anticipating and preventing mechanical failures—proven in tens of thousands of industrial facilities around the world by delivering tangible benefits
List of Detectable Gasses and Vapors by CAS-Number 2015Flow-Tech, Inc.
The CAS-number is a worldwide used code to identify a chemical substance non-ambiguously. This number is issued by the Chemical Abstracts Service and is the easiest way to characterize a chemical substance. Knowing the CAS-No. means to be able to get comprehensive information and links from internet and search engines.
McCrometer V Cone Flowmeter Installation, Operations, MaintenaceFlow-Tech, Inc.
The McCrometer V-Cone® Flowmeter is a patented technology that accurately measures ow over a wide range of Reynolds numbers, under all kinds of conditions and for a variety of fluids. It operates on the same physical principle as other differential pressure-type flowmeters, using the theorem of conservation of energy in fluid flow through a pipe. The V-Cone’s remarkable performance characteristics, however, are the result of its unique design. It features a centrally-located cone inside the tube. The cone interacts with the fluid flow, reshaping the fluid’s velocity profile and creating a region of lower pressure immediately downstream of itself. The pressure difference, exhibited between the static line pressure and the low pressure created downstream of the cone, can be measured via two pressure sensing taps. One tap is placed slightly upstream of the cone, the other is located in the downstream face of the cone itself. The pressure difference can then be incorporated into a derivation of the Bernoulli equation to determine the fluid flow rate. The cone’s central position in the line optimizes the velocity profile of the flow at the point of measurement, assuring highly accurate, reliable flow measurement regardless of the condition of the flow upstream of the meter.
Multivariable Transmitter for Mass Flow MeasurementFlow-Tech, Inc.
The EJX-A series is Yokogawa's premium performance line of DPharp transmitters. Field tested for over 10 years with the performance and stability demanded by industrial process control applications. The EJX910A multivariable transmitter is a remarkable innovation in multi-sensing technology. It makes optimal use of the unique characteristics of Yokogawa's DPharp sensor to provide best in class process measurement performance.
Suitable for all technical levels, this second of three parts continues the explanation of how electrical grounding works, the functions it performs in insuring safety and proper device or equipment operation, and why it is important.
The Brooks family of extremely high-performing direct liquid injection (DLI) vaporizer solutions is designed for customers who require reliable liquid vaporization. Featuring unique atomization and heat exchanger technologies, Brooks direct liquid injection vaporizers deliver pure vapor for every application.
1. What is arc flash
2. OSHA, NFPA 70E
3. Codes and standards
4. Protective clothing and equipment
5. Prevention
An arc flash (or arc blast) is a type of electrical explosion that results from a low impedance connection to ground or another voltage phase in an electrical system
Even without electrocution, death or dismemberment may occur through an intense arc blast, up to 35,000 F deg, and force up to 2100 psi from the intense heat rapidly expanding the air, copper & particles creating a shockwave blast. Droplets of molten metal and shrapnel can penetrate the body.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
1. SPECIFICATIONS
Overrange: 150% of maximum flow (intermittently).
Available Turn Down Range: Dependent on gas density
at user‘s operating conditions.
Linearity: ±1% of reading typical. ***
Repeatability: ±0.25% over tabulated repeatable range.
Note: Performance enhancement techniques are routinely
applied to produce wider linear and useable flow
ranges. This technique is also used to improve
linearity and repeatability. Consult the applications
group at Hoffer with your requirements.
Available Temperature Range: -450°F to +300°F
continuous (to +400°F intermittent heat). Dependent on
bearing/coil selection.
End Fittings: MS flared and flanged styles are
recommended. Other types available on request.
Bearing Styles: Self-lubricating, ceramic hybrid ball
bearings.
Materials: 316/316L dual rated stainless steel standard.
Consult with applications group for corrosive applications.
Broad material list available.
***Linearity is density-dependent for a given meter.
Consult factory for details.
HO SERIES
Turbine Flowmeters
for Gas Service
OUTSTANDING FEATURES
Low cost.
Outstanding accuracy.
Provides wide flow ranges.
Wide variety of process connections
available.*
Operate over a wide range of
temperatures and pressures.
Exclusive use of hybrid ceramic ball
bearings provide superior life.
GAS SIZE SELECTOR CHART FOR STANDARD HO SERIES TURBINE FLOWMETERS
Flowmeter Size
Diameter
(inches)
Repeatable Range**
Based on a Gas Density of 1#/Ft3
Repeatable Range**
Based on a Gas Density of .25#/Ft3
Magnetic Coil
(ACF/M)
MCP Coil
(ACF/M)
Magnetic Coil
(ACF/M)
MCP Coil
(ACF/M)
1/2 x 1/4 N/A .15 – 3.5 N/A .3 – 3.5
1/2 x 3/8 N/A .3 – 5 N/A .6 – 5
5/8 N/A .5 – 10 N/A 1 – 10
3/4 N/A .6 – 20 N/A 1.2 – 20
1 2.5 – 43 .8 – 43 5 – 43 1.6 – 43
1¼ 3.5 – 100 1.25 – 100 7 – 100 2.5 – 100
1½ 5.0 – 120 1.75 – 120 10 – 120 3.5 – 120
2 10 – 200 3.5 – 200 20 – 200 7 – 200
2½ 15 – 500 5 – 500 30 – 500 10 – 500
3 20 – 600 7.5 – 600 40 – 600 15 – 600
4 30 – 1100 N/A 60 – 1100 N/A
5 40 – 1800 N/A 80 – 1800 N/A
6 50 – 3000 N/A 100 – 3000 N/A
8 100 – 4800 N/A 200 – 4800 N/A
10 150 – 7500 N/A 300 – 7500 N/A
12 200 – 12000 N/A 400 – 12000 N/A
This chart is for quick reference only and not for final size. Calculate using actual service conditions.
**Lower limit of flow range is dependent on user’s operating density.
*MS Flared or Flanged end connections are best suited due to the
even transition at the connections.
Product Bulletin HO-G-110M
HOFFERHOFFER
TURBINE FLOWMETERS BYTURBINE FLOWMETERS BY
Perfecting Measurement TM
TECHNICAL DATA SHEETTECHNICAL DATA SHEET
BEST TURBINE
IN THE
INDUSTRY
5-YEAR WARRANTY
2. MODEL HO ( A ) X ( B ) - ( C ) - ( D ) - ( E/F/G ) - ( H ) - ( I )
A. End Fitting Size
B. Flowmeter Size
C. Blade Angle (See Note 1)
D. Bearing Type
(BP)
(CB)
E. Pickup Coils
(1M)
(2M)
(1MC3PA)
(2MC3PA)
(1MC3PAHT)
(2MC3PAHT)
(1HTM)
(2HTM)
(1ISM)
(2ISM)
(1ISM-ATEX
(2ISM-ATEX)
_(RP___)
_(_____)
(P)
(-ATEX)
One Magnetic Coil
Two Magnetic Coils
One RF Coil
Two RF Coils
One High Temp RF coil
Two High Temp RF coils
High Temperature Magnetic Coil
Two High Temperature Magnetic Coils
Intrinsically Safe Mag Coil
Two Intrinsically Safe Mag Coils
One ISM ATEX coil
Two ISM ATEX coils
Redi-Pulse Coil (See Redi-Pulse Technical Data Sheet RP-XXX)
Intrinsically Safe Redi-Pulse Coil (See I.S. Redi-Pulse Technical Data Sheet IRP-XXX)
Pigtail or Flying Leads, Add-P and the Length of leads after any coil except the high
temperature coils.
Add after coil part no. when using ATEX enclosure mounted on meter.
F. Coil Spacing, Mechanical Degrees Apart
( ) Factory Assigned. Spacing required when meter has two pickup coils. If second coil not
required skip option (F).
G. Riser and Explosion-Proof Coil Enclosures
(X)
(X-ATEX)
(XE2)
(X-ATEX)E2
(X8S)
(X8S-ATEX)
1" MNPT riser, welded to body. Required for all types of enclosures.
3/4" MNPT riser, welded to the body.
1" MNPT riser with E2 enclosure. (See Chart)*
3/4" MNPT riser with E2 enclosure. (See Chart)*
8" Long S/S 1" MNPT riser. (For fluid temperatures
below -40°F (-40°C) or above +140°F +60°C).
8" Long S/S 3/4" MNPT riser. (For fluid temperatures
below -40°F (-40°C) or above +140°F +60°C).
H. End Fitting Types
(MS)
(NPT)
(F___)
(DN_/PN_CS/SS)
(W_)
37 Deg. Male Flare Per MS33656
Male National Pipe Thread (See Note 3 below)
Raised Face Flange per ANSI (See Chart **)
DN=Metric size, PN=Flange pressure rating (in DIN std.) and select material
Wafer Style Body (Use 1, 3, 6, 9, 15 or 25 after “W” to indicate flange weight wafer meter
will be used with)
I. Special Features
(CE)
(PED-CE)
(SEP-CE)
(PT)
(PG)
(SP)
(EXP)
(X)
CE Mark - Required for Europe.
PED Mark - Required for Europe.
Sound engineering practice.
¼" FNPT Pressure Tap (AGA Compliant).
Premier Gas turbine for improved accuracy of ±0.5%, requires actual or natural gas calibration.
Please see HO-PG-100 for more information.
Any special features that are not covered in the model number, use a written description of –SP.
CSA Explosion-Proof Certification. (See Chart)***
No Special Features
Self-lubricating, ceramic hybrid ball bearings, sizes 1/4" thru 1".
Self-lubricating, ceramic hybrid ball bearings, sizes 1-1/4" thru 12".
GAS TURBINE FLOWMETER MODEL NUMBERING SYSTEM
Request HO-L-110 Technical Data Sheet for complete specifications
for HO Series for Liquid Service.
Select one:
(1) 150# Flanges
(3) 300# Flanges
(4) 400# Flanges
(6) 600# Flanges
(9) 900# Flanges
(15) 1500# Flanges
(25) 2500# Flanges
Select One:
(SS) Stainless Steel
(CS) Carbon Steel
Note: 316/316L SS flanges are
standard, add-304 at end of model
# if 304 flanges are required.
**Pressure Rating/Flange Material
Include “F”, number indicating pressur
rating, and flange material. (i.e., -F1SS-)
Notes:
1. Blade Angle determined by density, assigned by factory or use
of gas sizing program.
2. Turbine sizes ¼" through ¾" must be equipped with MC3PA
coil. 1" through 3" may be recommended for MC3PA coil
depending on gas density and desired turndown range.
3. NPT not recommended for gas service due to possible uneven
transition at NPT connections.
The quality system covering the
design, manufacture and testing
of our products is certified to
International Standard ISO 9001.
*E2 EXPLOSION-PROOF/FLAME-PROOF ENCLOSURE WITH
3/4” FNPT MOUNT AND 3/4" CABLE ENTRY RATINGS:
FM:
CSA:
ATEX:
IEC:
CLASS I, DIV. 1, GR. ABCD, CLASS II/III, DIV. 1, GR,
EFG, TYPE 4X
CLASS I, DIV. 1, GR. ABCD, CLASS II, DIV. 1, GR. EFG,
CLASS III, TYPE 4X EX D IIC, CLASS I, ZONE 1, IP 66
EX II 2GD Ex d tD IIC, IP66/68
EX D IIC IP68
The specifications contained herein are subject to change without notice and any user of said
specifications should verify from the manufacturer that the specifications are currently in effect.
Otherwise, the manufacturer assumes no responsibility for the use of specifications which may have
been changed and are no longer in effect.
HOFFER FLOW CONTROLS, INC.HOFFER FLOW CONTROLS, INC.
107 Kitty Hawk Lane, P. O. Box 2145 Elizabeth City, NC 27906-2145
800-628-4584 252-331-1997 FAX 252-331-2886
www.hofferflow.com email: Info@hofferflow.com
*** CLASS I, DIV. 1, GR. ABCD; CLASS I, DIV. 2, GR.
ABCD; CLASS II, DIV. 1, GROUPS EFG
CANADA: CLASS I, ZONE 1 & 2, Ex d II C
USA: CLASS I, ZONE 1 & 2, AEx d II C