TU Delft + NEBSTAR students booklet.pdf

GD C E U R
2023
URBANISM
MASTER
COURSE
4TU PROGRAM
NETHERLANDS
GE
GEODESIGN FOR A
CIRCULAR
ECONOMY IN
URBAN
REGIONS

TU DELFT | BOUWKUNDE
GEODESIGN FOR A CIRCULAR
ECONOMY IN URBAN REGIONS
REPORT ON MASTER STUDENTS’ OUTPUT
NOVEMBER 2023

Geodesign for a Circular Economy in Urban Regions
Report on master students’ output
This report comprises the work produced by students and the reflective contributions from
various stakeholders engaged in the case study in the period between 26.04.2023 and
28.06.2023.
This publication is distributed under a CC-BY-4.0 license.
TU Delft | Bouwkunde
ISBN / EAN: 978-94-6384-505-2
November 2023

CONTENTS
1. About the course...............
Geodesign and REPAiR.....................
The BARCODE..................................
Case study: Merwede.......................
About the students...........................
About the stakeholders.....................
About the instructors........................
2. About the projects.............
G1. Merdelen...................................
G2. Merwede as biophilic design.......
G3. Limiting overshoot with loopy......
G4. Merwede rooftop meadows.........
G5. Blooming blue............................
3. Take away messages.........
4. Appendix...........................
1
2
5
8
11
12
13
15
16
20
24
28
32
36
39

ii
Geodesign for Circular Economy
About the consortium
The New European Bauhaus (NEB) is a creative and interdisciplinary EU
initiative that connects the European Green Deal to our living spaces and
experiences. NEB aims to build a bridge between art, culture and education
with science and technology. The project will be a driving force for new ideas,
prototypes and products, as research and innovation are main components of
NEB’s design, delivery and communication.
Bauhaus refers to the German school of architecture, design and crafts, creat-
ed by Walter Gropius (1883–1969). The Bauhaus gained great importance for
industrial design and for the development of functionalism in architecture.
Three values are set as core principles: Sustainability; from climate goals, to
circularity, zero emissions and biological diversity. Beautiful: quality and style
over functionality. Inclusive: from valuing diversity, to ensuring accessibility
and affordability
Stavanger
As one of six cities, Stavanger has been selected as a lighthouse demonstra-
tor for the New European Bauhaus. The NEB-STAR project is funded by the EU
over three years, for the period 2022-2025, and consists of 16 partners.
Within the Geodesign course, two of 16 partners collaborated in the creation
and supervision of output: TU Delft and Utrecht Gemeente.
TU Delft (Technische Universiteit Delft)
Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment
Department of Urbanism
The Department of Urbanism received the highest score for excellence in the
2022 research assessment. The department has an international reputation
for academic research, scholarship, and education built on the Delft Approach
to Urbanism.

iii
This approach is knowledge‐based, design‐oriented, and multi-scale, in which
landscape architecture, urban design, and planning closely collaborate with
engineers, data scientists, sociologists, geographers, and ecologists. Urban-
ism is committed to socially relevant research, exemplified by our involvement
in design projects and policy development, the development and implemen-
tation of practical tools and methods, and our leadership and participation in
(inter)national networks. A high level of scientific output in the form of jour-
nal articles, books, datasets, and the high number of prestigious ERC grants,
awarded NWO and Horizon2020 funding testify to our premium research.
As part of the Urban Department, the Environmental Technology and Design
(ETD) section strives for inter‐ and trans-disciplinary, context‐driven, and solu-
tion‐oriented research and education in the interest of a better environment.
Climate adaptation and mitigation, regeneration of biodiversity, digitalization,
scarcity of materials, the energy transition, green‐blue adaptation strategies,
and the provision of affordable and healthy food all have multiple spatial
claims on the finite resource of land.
ETD’s research and education portfolio involves applied science for, and
often with, public and private partners. Our strong design roots, as well as our
expertise in environmental technology, urban ecology, citizen participation,
and environmental behavior, allow us to co‐create aesthetic, sustainable, and
inclusive solutions together with and for a vast array of stakeholders.

iv
Utrecht Gemeente
The City of Utrecht, The Netherlands, provides a vibrant, creative, inspirational
environment for leading innovations. The city is developing from a medium-
sized provincial city into a regional capital of European importance.
Utrecht is the fastest-growing city and the most healthy city in The
Netherlands. On top of that, Utrecht is one of the happiest cities in the world
according to the United Nations. We believe that Healthy Urban Living makes
people happier.
Utrecht. Photo by Mitchel Lensink on Unsplash

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1
Geodesign for A Circular Economy in Urban Regions
The course was developed during the Horizon 2020 project REPAiR- Resource
Management in Management in Peri-Urban Areas. One project result was
a co-creation process (see Figure 1) based on the Geodesign framework
(Steinitz, 2012) to develop eco-innovative solutions and strategies towards a
more circular economy. This elective course was designed in 2016 as a trans-
disciplinary course that tests methods developed within the research project
under controlled and simplified circumstances and uses the creative potential
of design students to inform research activities in Living Labs.
Figure 1. The relation between the Geodesign framework and the REPAiR Peri-urban Living
Labs (PULL). Source: https://h2020repair.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Deliverable-5.4-
Handbook-how-to-run-a-PULL-version-2.pdf
For this year’s edition of the course, in order to fit the needs of the New
European Bauhaus Stavanger (NEB-STAR) project in specific and the New
European Bauhaus idea in general, the focus of the course was widened
to integrate multiple sustainability challenges. To keep it feasible for the
students to come to meaningful design proposals within eight weeks, the
course focused not on a region but on the development of the MERWEDE
neighborhood in the context of the 10-minute city of Utrecht.

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1
Within this context, the NEB-STAR members of the City of Utrecht formulated
a challenge for the students: What would the BARCODE look like if this work
area was transformed into a residential one? What is missing according to
the BARCODE, and what could additionally be done? What functions are in
the plan, and for which functions do you need the surrounding neighborhoods
(urban vs. neighborhood BARCODE)? Are there enough functions in the
surrounding area, and how is their use? While as local stakeholders, they
investigated such questions, they do not yet have an answer to everything. In
challenging the students to tag along, new perspectives not explored before
could be brought to the table.
In tandem with the Geodesign framework and GIS techniques, the students
conducted a field survey within Utrecht, employing a Participatory Public
Geographic Information System (PPGIS) tool, specifically ESRI’s 123 Survey.
Named “We Love Utrecht” (Figure 2), this survey served as a means for
our students to immerse themselves in the designated study area through
interviews with residents in and around the Merwerde vicinity.
Recognizing the predominantly quantitative nature of the BARCODE, it
became essential to incorporate a supplementary approach aimed at
providing geolocated qualitative data. This complementary approach sought
Figure 2. We Love Utrecht survey logo (left) and mobile device demo (right). Source: Author.

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1
Figure 3. a)Regrouping and redistribution of locations after half day surveying, Utrecht cen-
traal. b) and c) Surveying locations across Utrecht on 07.06.2023. Source: Author.
to explore various dimensions, including the social values deemed significant
by individuals within the study area, the extent to which they felt a sense of
belonging in their residential environment, their perceptions of safety, their
aesthetic assessments of the area, and any constructive suggestions they
might have for potential enhancements.
This subjective, geolocated consultation process yielded invaluable
qualitative insights, enriching the geodesign process and informing the
creation of posters over 11 weeks (Figure 3).
a)
b) c)

The BARCODE
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The BARCODE
The BARCODE is a method introduced in environmental vision, The Spatial
Strategy for Utrecht (Ruimtelijke Strategie Utrecht 2040 – RSU 2040). This
method aims to aid the city to grow in balance. In other words, if you add
extra housing and jobs, this also results in a task for mobility, greenery, water,
facilities, and energy. Thus, the BARCODE is a planning tool that is a sum of
all (program) elements that make up the city: living, working, social facilities,
sports, energy, water, and infrastructure.
Based on existing policies, the BARCODE compiles standards for each (land
use) function, supplemented with trends and developments. These elements
are directly dependent on each other. More of one often means more of the
other. For example, building more houses means more jobs, and greenery
must also be added. The BARCODE shows at a glance the interrelationships
between these different elements.
The BARCODE gives a quantitative picture of the amount of space needed
for the city’s growth. Based on the BARCODE, it becomes visible that 10,000
homes entail approximately 180-220 hectares of extra space demand for
other functions, such as greenery, work locations, infrastructure, and energy.
By looking at the space in this way, Utrecht is working on a balanced and
integral growth of the city and preventing extra housing construction from
creating too much pressure on, for example, schools or green areas. This can
be seen in the image below (Figure 4).
Figure 4. Necessary program for the realization of 10,000 homes. Source: RSU 2040. https://
utrecht.bestuurlijkeinformatie.nl/Reports/Document/48c33e94-3684-4681-bb5c-60cc71f2ac-
6c?documentId=3ec2917e-8b45-40ad-a1a9-b87b29e84cf0

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Figure 5. In the parts of the city where there are no major growth opportunities, cherishing
(koesteren) and strengthening existing qualities is most important. This means that the
BARCODE that is currently present there will mainly discolor as a result of transitions that are
not directly linked to the growth of the city but that arise from the ambition to give all areas a
certain healthy level of livability. Two variants can be distinguished: update and adapt.
The BARCODE works based on 10,000 housing units target in an area without
context as its base. If all the tasks of the BARCODE are placed side by side,
we know that it does not fit within the city limits. This requires smarter use
of space. For example, by making use of everything that already exists in
the city. For the major task facing the city, ‘infill instead of expansion,’ you
must deal with the existing urban fabric. The RSU, therefore, makes use of 4
development directions: cherish, transform, diversify, and expand (see Figures
5-8).
These development directions have yet to be tested, especially since there
is still uncertainty about to which degree can (not) urban and neighborhood
BARCODEs be interchanged. What should be solved in the neighborhood
scale, near homes, and what should be given a place in the city where
proximity is (less) relevant or where it is acceptable that the function is at a
greater distance from your home?

The BARCODE
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1
Figure 6. With infill (inbreiden) development, the municipality accommodates growth within
the existing city in places where development opportunities are still available. Reasoned from
the BARCODE, it means that part of the growth can be absorbed with existing facilities (if and
insofar as there is excess capacity) and that, in part, facilities will have to be added. It varies
per location and function, depending on how much addition is desirable and possible.
Figure 7. Transformation (transformeren) involves a change of use (for example, from work-
ing sec to mixed). This requires an adjustment of the facility level. Certainly, facilities will have
to be added to solve the pressure on facilities within the existing city. Transformation areas
lend themselves well to adequately accommodating growth through smarter use of space.

8
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Figure 8. Expanding (uitleggen) at the city’s edge, the BARCODE additions will be the greatest
because most of the BARCODE has yet to be realized. This is especially true for facilities that
are not nearby, such as sports fields, schools, and parks. This also has implications for the
associated cost. Here, the new areas must not be at the expense of investments in healthy
urban living in the existing city.
Case study area: Merwede
The (new) Merwede district of Utrecht will be between the Europalaan and the
Merwede Canal. The green and virtually car-free district borders the Koningin
Wilhelminalaan on the north and the Beneluxlaan on the south.
Merwede is within walking and cycling distance of Utrecht Central, Hoog
Catharijne, and the historic city center of Utrecht, among others. As a
result, Merwede is almost part of the center of Utrecht. The study area the
students will address concerns the Merwedekanaal zone subarea five and its
surroundings (Figure 9).
Figure 9. Whole Merwerde project area (red) and student’s case study area (black).

Merwede
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Figure 10. Project Impression of the future Merwede area. Source: https://www.utrecht.nl/
wonen-en-leven/bouwprojecten-en-stedelijke-ontwikkeling/bouwprojecten/merwedekanaal-
zone/
Figure 11. Geodesign framework following Steinitz (2007).
In this area, 6,000 housing units are planned at a high density. In addition,
there is room for approximately 100,000 m2 of non-residential development.
The area will be a car-free district (i.e., without car streets). The urban plan
was prepared by the BURA agency in cooperation with the municipality. A
public space plan is now being worked on by the agency LOLA (Figure 10).
Within 8 weeks, the interdisciplinary student groups develop 7 posters in
relation to project idea and the 6 models of the geodesing framework (Figures
11-12).

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1
Figure 12. Geodesign seven posters process. Geodesign
master course 2022 cycle. Agrohousing group, members:
Arina Lakushek, Joey van Loo, Melih Ayaz.

About the students
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Beatriz Carneiro
Brasil
MSc: Industrial Ecology
Mira Kopp
Germany
Lukas Torscht
Germany
Daan Heeling
Netherlands
Nathalie IJdema
Netherlands
MSc: Construction Management
and Engineering
Pieter van der Wel
Netherlands
MSc: Landscape architecture
Nicky Langeveld
Netherlands
Saskia Spruit
Netherlands
Rodrigo Salvatierra
Chile
MSc: Sustainability management
& Industrial Ecology
Jesse Frackers
Netherlands
MSc: Construction management
and engineering
Nathan Lont
Netherlands
Reina Swinkels
Netherlands
MSc: Integrated Product Design &
Industrial Ecology
Skott van der Vliet
Netherlands
Katarina Juhart
Germany
Nathan Smithers
Netherlands
MSc: Urbanism
Robin Vrijhoeven
Netherlands
About the students

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Gregor van Lit
Senior Urban Planner
Merel van Ekdom
Social entrepreneur
David Langerak
Social Architect
Joost van Faassen
Strategist Urban Innovation team
Kasper Benneker
Junior Strategist
Ties Beekman Sanneke van Wijk
Senior Urban Planner
About the stakeholders
NEB-STAR Utrecht
Utrecht Gemeente

About the instructors
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Alexander Wandl, PhD
Austria
Associate professor and head of the Environmental
Technology and Design Section at TU Delft, Faculty of
Architecture and the Built Environment specializing in
territorial metabolism, the transition towards a circular
built environment, spatial planning and design.
Michiel Brouwer
Netherlands
Experienced lecturer in sustainable urban planning
and design.
Nohemi Ramirez Aranda, PhD
Mexico
Postdoctoral researcher. Expert in citizen science,
social values and urban management.
About the instructors
NEB-STAR Technische Universiteit Delft (TU Delft)

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1

G1
Merdelen
a sharing economy for Merwede
Beatriz Carneiro
Group 1 members:
Nathan Lont
Rodrigo Salvatierra
Saskia Spruit

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Merdelen
Merdelen (sharing more): a sharing economy for Merwede
This group’s project takes the already developed idea of shared mobility
in Merwede to the next level and introduces facilities for a broader shared
economy. They integrate ideas of product ownership, share spaces
and repairing facilities. Thereby the group adds aspects of social multi-
functionality to the BARCODE discussion.
The challenge
Consumerism
Low use intensity of products
Primary resources extraction
Waste generation
Individualism
In the era of consumerism, we buy things that are only needed occasionally,
keep them in storage for a long time until its use. This is a symptom of the
conventional linear economy and capitalism, and raises questions about
the way we consume stuff (Figure 13). Does everyone need their own set
of construction tools just in case they need to drill a hole in the wall? This
extensive consumerism is linked to the necessity of product ownership and
individualism, leading to extensive resources extraction and waste generation.
The solution: Sharing economy
Why not promote a sharing economy ? Many products, services, spaces
and even skills could be shared among people in a neighborhood, leading
to a reduction in primary consumption. In a sharing economy, sharing and
community experiences are incentivized, rather than individual ownership.
Less products will be needed in long term and the same functions can
be achieved. Through promoting repair services, the lifetime of products
are expanded and less unnecessary waste is produced. We propose the
implementation of shared spaces that will facilitate interactions and social
cohesion, repair services, charging stuff and multi-functional uses, to finally
achieve the development of a sharing community in Merwede (Figure 14).

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Figure 13. Description of the challenge the Dutch linear economy represents.

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Merdelen
Figure 14. Prosed strategies for Merdelen in practice.
For a comprehensive review of this group’s proposal please refer to the Appendix.

G2
Merwede
as biophilic design
Daan Heeling
Group 2 members:
Pieter van der Wel
Katarina Juhart

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Biophilic Design
Merwede as Biophilic Design
The G2 applied a biophilic design (BD) approach. BD aims to increase the
connectivity between the natural environment and people living in the building
environment. This is done by using direct nature and indirect nature. The
group focused on networks of in and outdoor social green spaces, thereby
questioning whether the BARCODE should not also consider private and
indoor green spaces.
BD aims to increase the connectivity between the natural environment and
people living in the building. This is done by using direct nature and indirect
nature.
Figure 15-17 illustrate how G2’s proposed change would impact the
neighborhood. The most obvious ones are the buildings’ shape and the
greenery on the balconies and walls. Next, the inside of the building changes
as green walls, wooden structures, plants in the entrance, and staircases are
implemented. On the outside of the building, a new rain drainage system is
added that allows for the rainwater to be collected in order for it to be used
again. Additionally, semi-enclosed spaces are proposed along the building,
which was only possible due to the (proposed) new shape.
Figure 15. Biophilic design proposed interventions in section, interior and exterior views.

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Figure 16. Existing biophilic design situation at Merwede.

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Biophilic Design
Figure 17. Biophilic design proposed interventions in the whole case study area from a top
view.

G3
Overshoot
Limiting overshoot with loopy
Mira Kopp
Group 3 members:
Nathan Smithers
Robin Vrijhoeven

25
2
Overshoot
Limiting overshoot with Loopy Overshoot
The land utilization impact associated with Dutch citizens’ activities is
presently surpassing the established planetary limits, particularly in intensive
food production and the consumption of short-lived household goods. To
address this concern, students have employed the principles of choice
architecture and behavioral economics to influence the consumption
behaviors of individuals, with the ultimate aim of reducing their land use
footprint.
The insights from behavioral economics and choice architecture can help
to guide consumption patterns of citizens towards more sustainable and
smaller land-use footprints.
Sustainable consumer behavior for small footprints needs flow changes on
two sides of the product chain (Figure 18). On the one hand, alternatives to
big-footprint products need to be supplied. This entails spatial changes in the
region from mere distribution points to spaces that allow for the collection,
re-manufacturing, and redistribution of products, such as used products
collection areas, repair workshops, and second-hand stores.
Figure 18. Flow changes on sides of the product chain.

26
2
Some of these repair processes can have very large space requirements,
such as those repairing furniture, and come along with noise, which requires
thoughtful integration into the urban web. Other repair processes have been
part of the urban landscape for years but are currently being pushed out of
the cities due to rising labor costs compared to shipping to countries with
lower labor rights standards.
To reduce the size of the Merwede’s land use footprint, the municipality is
advised to accommodate for and support such services financially. In densely
populated and car-free Merwede, thinking about collection systems for used
household goods will be especially crucial.
On the other hand, offering sustainable alternatives is not enough to change
consumer behavior: insights from behavioral economics show that people’s
choices highly depend on their habits, available information, and access to
these alternatives. Currently, information on consumption is mainly provided
via advertisement, which guides towards first-hand, conventional products.
This dynamic needs to be reversed (Figure 19).
Merwede is advised to tackle behavior by establishing sustainable
consumption habits already with the youngest, providing ample information
on these second-hand and repair options for household goods, and
nudging people by making these options more accessible compared to less
sustainable options like fast furniture and electronics stores. A potential
synergy for this can be achieved through the incorporation of others groups
proposals as seen in Figure 20.
Figure 19. Reversing consumption information flows.

27
2
Overshoot
Figure 20. Situating enablers for sustainable consumption in and around Merwede.

G4
Stacking the
BARCODE
Maximizing multi-functionality
Lukas Torscht
Group 4 members:
Nathalie IJdema
Nicky Langeveld

29
2
Stacking the BARCODE
Stacking the BARCODE - Rethinking Rooftops
This group introduces the staking of green space vertically, responding to the
high density of the project proposal and the to-be-expected high pressure on
the open space on the ground level. The groups brings multi-species green
spaces literally to the next level adding to the stacking discussion of the
BARCODE.
The students did a pilot block to demonstrate how this could be executed.
BLOCK 11 is chosen to be the pilot plot for the proposed design. The decision
is based on multiple aspects:
• The intensity of the streets around BLOCK 11 is relatively high
compared to other places inside the project area (Figure 22).
• The bridge at the Waalstraat will increase mobility and,
therefore, the flow of people from east and west of the City of
Utrecht. This bridge lies in the street extension where BLOCK 11 is
located.
• The biodiversity will increase by replacing the solar PV panels
rooftop space for green roofs. Next to BLOCK 11 tree structures
are already placed, which will increase the biodiversity of flying
animals. The higher green roofs will help extend the habitat of
flying animals in that area.
• Next to BLOCK 11, different functions will attract people from
all over Utrecht and the Southwest part of Utrecht, which means
people will have to cross BLOCK 11. Those functions also include
different types of schools and a public transport hub.
• By looking at the amount of people using functions inside and
outside of Merwede, it becomes clear that the inner and outer
buffer zones attract the most people. If people want to cross this
area the fastest way possible, they must cross Merwede.
The mobility flows will increase due to the different functions inside and
outside of Merwede and the placement of the two bridges. By adding the
elevated accessible green roofs to BLOCK 11, different and more people &
animal flows will occur. By adding a new elevated semi-private space just for
the citizens, pressure will be released from the highly dense urban area of
Merwede.

30
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This leads to opportunities to create a multi-functional use for the courtyards,
which means that functions inside Merwede could also use this space for
certain activities and events as long as it is consulted with the citizens
of BLOCK 11. The morphology of the architecture will change by adding
different kinds of connections between the different building blocks and
the Municipality of Utrecht (2021) adding Building Integrated Photovoltaics
(BIPV) on the facades (see Figure 21).
Figure 21. BLOCK 11 Demonstration of interventions for maximizing multi-functionality.

31
2
Stacking the BARCODE
Figure 22. Block analysis within Merwede. Author: Utrecht Gemeente.

G5
Blooming
blue
Wellbeing through blue spaces
Jesse Frackers
Group 5 members:
Reina Swinkels
Skott van der Vliet

33
2
Blooming Blue
Blooming Blue: Improving overall wellbeing through exposure to
blue spaces.
This group proposed an alternative “bath” development in the neighborhood
using the concept of blue health. Incorporating blue areas, rich in vegetation
and water bodies, offering relaxation, socialization, and physical activity,
which overall promotes health enhancement.
A Blue Health design for the Merwedekanaalzone would aim to improve the
connection between the Merwede urban area and water, and this connection
should motivate interaction between the water and the residents. Can this be
achieved within the BARCODE while adhering to the 10-minute city principle?
To that end, students proposed a design for the Merwede Canal Zone that
utilizes blue and green spaces to address non-communicable diseases, which
cause 73% of related deaths. Scientific evidence supports the positive impact
of Blue Health on physical and mental well-being. The design focuses on
three key health benefits of blue spaces:
• Reduction in Harm: By capturing and limiting air pollution, noise,
and heat, blue spaces create healthier environments.
• Restoring Capabilities: The tranquility of these spaces can
restore attention and reduce stress, contributing to improved
mental health.
• Resilient Communities: Blue spaces foster physical activity
and social cohesion, building healthier and more connected
communities.
Research highlights the positive effects of urban blue spaces on obesity,
general health, mental health, well-being, and premature mortality. Blue
spaces mitigate urban heat island effects and provide a calming, restorative
environment. The design of the Merwedekanaal Zone offers a preventive and
restorative solution, aligning with public health and urban planning policies to
improve urban population health.

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Figure 23. Bike lane connected to water (top). Visible water flows that can be interacted for
residents and animals (bottom).

35
2
Blooming Blue
Figure 23. Overview of the renewed Merwede plan.

37
3
Take away messages
The student’s results have sparked several important questions for
stakeholders to consider in the context of the new European Bauhaus
initiative:
Redefining Urban Spaces: How can we redefine the relationship between
public, private, and semi-public spaces in vertically dense, compact
cities? The unintended consequences of concepts like the 10-minute city,
overcrowding, or a lack of privateness must be considered in design projects
and public participation trajectories. This question highlights the need
to rethink the allocation and utilization of space in urban environments,
especially in densely populated areas and in an elevated plane (third
dimension).
Integrating Three-Dimensional Design: How can we bridge the gap between
the three-dimensional requirements of a healthy, bio-diverse city and
the current practice of designing buildings and open spaces separately?
Moreover, how can we address balancing public versus private (3D) space?
These questions emphasize the necessity of integrated urban planning
considering both vertical and horizontal aspects of city design.
Expanding Understanding of Circularity: How can we align the more
comprehensive understanding of circularity demonstrated by students with
the prevailing policies, which often focus on simplistic material and waste
levels? What does it take to position and market sharing facilities in a way
that is fully adopted as opposed to becoming flash trends? Would such
functions’ (de)centralization aid or hinder their adoption?
Moreover, what are the externalities and boundaries of circularity when
introducing it in a highly social setting? Does a sharing economy, as proposed
in Merwede by the students would also mean a gated economy? I.e., only for
a specific group or for the whole city? Furthermore, if for a specific group,
what is the effect on the city itself? What safeguards must be in place to
avoid that groups that often benefit are the ones (over) benefiting again?
These questions underscore the importance of adopting a holistic approach
to circularity encompassing a wider range of factors beyond materials and
waste.

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3
Final presentations. Utrecht Gemeente. 28.06.2023.
End of the course. Utrecht Gemeente. 28.06.2023.
BARCODE Bandwidth and Sustainable Living: How can we incorporate the
global sustainable footprint of living in specific areas, such as Merwede, into
the BARCODE? This question prompts a discussion about how to accurately
measure and represent the environmental impact of urban living and how this
information can be integrated into tools like the BARCODE.
These questions are highly relevant for the new European Bauhaus initiative,
as they touch upon fundamental aspects of urban design, sustainability, and
integrating innovative ideas into established practices. Addressing these
questions will be crucial for creating aesthetically pleasing, environmentally
sustainable, and socially inclusive cities.

G1
Merdelen
a sharing economy for Merwede
Beatriz Carneiro
Group 1 members:
Nathan Lont
Rodrigo Salvatierra
Saskia Spruit

GD C E U R
About NEB-Star: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under Grant
Agreement No. 101079952. Disclaimer: This page reflects only the authors’ views. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that
may be made of the information it contains.

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