The document discusses the tropical rainforest biome and the impacts of climate change. It defines tropical rainforests as having very high rainfall, high temperatures, and high biodiversity. Tropical rainforests play an important role in regulating the global climate through carbon storage, oxygen production, and influencing weather patterns. Climate change poses threats to tropical rainforests like rising sea levels which can flood coastal forests, and droughts which make forests more vulnerable to fires. The loss of tropical rainforests exacerbates climate change due to reduced carbon storage capacity.
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IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON AQUATIC FLORA AND FAUNAMahendra Pal
A rise in temperature as small as 1° C could have important and rapid effects on the geographical distributions and mortality of some organisms. The more mobile species should be able to adjust their ranges over time, but less mobile and sedentary species may not.There are many factors that can cause a warming of our climate; for example, more energy from the sun, large natural events such as El Nino or an increased greenhouse effect. Rising temperatures can directly affect the metabolism, life cycle, and behaviour of marine species. For many species, temperature serves as a cue for reproduction. Clearly, changes in sea temperature could affect their successful breeding. The number of male and female offspring is determined by temperature for marine turtles, as well as some fish and copepods (tiny shrimp-like animals on which many other marine animals feed). Changing climate could therefore skew sex ratios and threaten population survival.
Climate like any other physical phenomena it is dynamic and not static.
In every part of the world one year, one decade or one century is different than the other.
The change does not only have academic important but its effects in all the forms of life.
Plants, animals, human beings change with changes of climate.
In general, all living species thrive under definite and limit conditions and any great deviation from that will leads to destruction and death of the species.
Ecology: Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environments which includes Biotic Factors: (Living organisms) , Abiotic Factors: (Nonliving physical and chemical conditions of an environment).
What are the levels of the Ecology?
Ecology has Five Levels.
Individual organism: Single organism in an environment
Populations: Group of individual organisms of same species living in the same area
Communities: All of the organisms that inhabit a particular area make up a community, like coral reef and other organisms live around in the reef
Ecosystems: An ecosystem includes both the biotic and abiotic factors of an area
Biosphere:
Sum of all of Earth's ecosystems, it is an envelope of air, land, and water supporting all living things on Earth. It consists of both the atmosphere and ocean.
Ecologists investigate global issues in the biosphere, including climate change and its effect on living things
The effects have been most dramatic at high latitudes, where multiple processes contribute to decreased surface reflectivity
Changes in temperature are causing species to shift their natural ranges; however, those are unable to move in line with changing temperatures are being put at risk.
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON AQUATIC FLORA AND FAUNAMahendra Pal
A rise in temperature as small as 1° C could have important and rapid effects on the geographical distributions and mortality of some organisms. The more mobile species should be able to adjust their ranges over time, but less mobile and sedentary species may not.There are many factors that can cause a warming of our climate; for example, more energy from the sun, large natural events such as El Nino or an increased greenhouse effect. Rising temperatures can directly affect the metabolism, life cycle, and behaviour of marine species. For many species, temperature serves as a cue for reproduction. Clearly, changes in sea temperature could affect their successful breeding. The number of male and female offspring is determined by temperature for marine turtles, as well as some fish and copepods (tiny shrimp-like animals on which many other marine animals feed). Changing climate could therefore skew sex ratios and threaten population survival.
Climate like any other physical phenomena it is dynamic and not static.
In every part of the world one year, one decade or one century is different than the other.
The change does not only have academic important but its effects in all the forms of life.
Plants, animals, human beings change with changes of climate.
In general, all living species thrive under definite and limit conditions and any great deviation from that will leads to destruction and death of the species.
Ecology: Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environments which includes Biotic Factors: (Living organisms) , Abiotic Factors: (Nonliving physical and chemical conditions of an environment).
What are the levels of the Ecology?
Ecology has Five Levels.
Individual organism: Single organism in an environment
Populations: Group of individual organisms of same species living in the same area
Communities: All of the organisms that inhabit a particular area make up a community, like coral reef and other organisms live around in the reef
Ecosystems: An ecosystem includes both the biotic and abiotic factors of an area
Biosphere:
Sum of all of Earth's ecosystems, it is an envelope of air, land, and water supporting all living things on Earth. It consists of both the atmosphere and ocean.
Ecologists investigate global issues in the biosphere, including climate change and its effect on living things
The effects have been most dramatic at high latitudes, where multiple processes contribute to decreased surface reflectivity
Changes in temperature are causing species to shift their natural ranges; however, those are unable to move in line with changing temperatures are being put at risk.
An overview of climate change effects potentially impacting the Southeastern United States. Provides references, image credits, and supporting citations in "slide notes" view. For more climate change information, visit the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII), Southeast Information Node Climate Change Web site at http://go.usa.gov/OIs
Introducing climate change in river basin managementLia Romano
3rd International Meeting on Meteorology and Climatology of the Mediterranean
POSTER
ABSTRACT
Within an increasing sensibility of international scientific community and public opinion about the issue, the recent European Directives in water policy, the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the Floods Directive 2007/60/EC - that provide legal instruments for protecting and restoring the water environment, as well as for reducing risks to human health, cultural heritage and economic activity - require the States Member to take into account the eventual trend induced by climate change, from which major changes in yearly and seasonal precipitation and water flow, flooding, coastal erosion and water quality arise.
The effects of the climate change on the hydrological cycle are usually carried out by means of climatic models working on a planetary scale and most of all forecast an drying trend in Southern Europe, unlike a wetting trend in the Northern Europe. On the other hand, at regional scale, the expected changes can be rather different, indeed forecast of precipitation and flow changes at river basin scale are less certain, due to large natural variability in these quantities, as well as the limitation of climate models, and assumptions used to downscale information from climate to hydrological models.
It follows that an important role of water managers would be to adopt plans to climate change impacts, individuating methodologies for evaluation of climate variability scenarios in the basins management, both for water scarcity management and for flood risk management in order to apply efficiently long term measures.
“Change is the Law of Nature”.Climate Change is a reality. It has changed in Past, is changing in Present and will change in Future. The variation and shifts in weather conditions over space and time of different scales and magnitude resulting into
changes of Climatic Type is defined as Climate Change.
The factor that affect climate are,Continental drift,Variation in the earth’s orbit,Plate tectonics,Volcanic activity,Ocean currents,Greenhouse Gases,Atmospheric Aerosols etc. It effect climate in different ways such as Higher Temperatures,Changing Landscapes,Wildlife/Ecosystem at Risk,Ocean acidification /Rising Seas level,Increased Risk of Drought, Fire and Floods,Intensified Storms and Increased Storm Damages,Illness and Disease,Economic Losses,Agriculture Productivity/Food Security etc.
An overview of climate change effects potentially impacting the Southeastern United States. Provides references, image credits, and supporting citations in "slide notes" view. For more climate change information, visit the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII), Southeast Information Node Climate Change Web site at http://go.usa.gov/OIs
Introducing climate change in river basin managementLia Romano
3rd International Meeting on Meteorology and Climatology of the Mediterranean
POSTER
ABSTRACT
Within an increasing sensibility of international scientific community and public opinion about the issue, the recent European Directives in water policy, the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and the Floods Directive 2007/60/EC - that provide legal instruments for protecting and restoring the water environment, as well as for reducing risks to human health, cultural heritage and economic activity - require the States Member to take into account the eventual trend induced by climate change, from which major changes in yearly and seasonal precipitation and water flow, flooding, coastal erosion and water quality arise.
The effects of the climate change on the hydrological cycle are usually carried out by means of climatic models working on a planetary scale and most of all forecast an drying trend in Southern Europe, unlike a wetting trend in the Northern Europe. On the other hand, at regional scale, the expected changes can be rather different, indeed forecast of precipitation and flow changes at river basin scale are less certain, due to large natural variability in these quantities, as well as the limitation of climate models, and assumptions used to downscale information from climate to hydrological models.
It follows that an important role of water managers would be to adopt plans to climate change impacts, individuating methodologies for evaluation of climate variability scenarios in the basins management, both for water scarcity management and for flood risk management in order to apply efficiently long term measures.
“Change is the Law of Nature”.Climate Change is a reality. It has changed in Past, is changing in Present and will change in Future. The variation and shifts in weather conditions over space and time of different scales and magnitude resulting into
changes of Climatic Type is defined as Climate Change.
The factor that affect climate are,Continental drift,Variation in the earth’s orbit,Plate tectonics,Volcanic activity,Ocean currents,Greenhouse Gases,Atmospheric Aerosols etc. It effect climate in different ways such as Higher Temperatures,Changing Landscapes,Wildlife/Ecosystem at Risk,Ocean acidification /Rising Seas level,Increased Risk of Drought, Fire and Floods,Intensified Storms and Increased Storm Damages,Illness and Disease,Economic Losses,Agriculture Productivity/Food Security etc.
Environmental conditions play a key role in defining the function an.pdfanandhomeneeds
Environmental conditions play a key role in defining the function and distribution of plants, in
combination with other factors. Changes in long term environmental conditions that can be
collectively coined climate change are known to have had enormous impacts on plant diversity
patterns in the future and are seen as having significant current impacts. It is predicted that
climate change will remain one of the major drivers of biodiversity patterns in the future.
The Earth has experienced a constantly changing climate in the time since plants first evolved. In
comparison to the present day, this history has seen Earth as cooler, warmer, drier and wetter,
and CO2 (carbon dioxide) concentrations have been both higher and lower. These changes have
been reflected by constantly shifting vegetation, for example forest communities dominating
most areas in interglacial periods, and herbaceous communities dominating during glacial
periods. It has been shown that past climatic change has been a major driver of the processes of
speciation and extinction. The best known example of this is the Carboniferous Rainforest
Collapse which occurred 350 million years ago. This event decimated amphibian populations
and spurred on the evolution of reptiles
Greenhouse effect - the mechanism
The sun radiates solar energy on earth. The larger part of this energy (45%) is radiated back into
space. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere contribute to global warming by adsorption and
reflection of atmospheric and solar energy. This natural phenomenon is what we call the
greenhouse effect. It is agreed that the greenhouse effect is correlated with global temperature
change. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon
dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone
Mechanism of global warming:
i. The incoming radiation from the Sun is mostly in the form of visible light and nearby
wavelengths, largely in the range 0.2 – 4 1m, corresponding to the Sun’s radioactive temperature
of 6,000 K. Almost half the radiation is in the form of “visible” light, which our eyes are adapted
to use.
ii. About 50% of the Sun’s energy is absorbed at the earth’s surface and the rest is reflected or
absorbed by the atmosphere. The reflection of light back into space – largely by clouds – does
not much affect the basic mechanism; this light, effectively, is lost to the system.
iii (a) Earth absorbs most of the sunlight it receives; The absorbed energy warms the surface; (b)
Earth then emits the absorbed light’s energy as infrared light; (c) greenhouse gases absorb a lot
of the infrared light before it can leave our atmosphere; (d) being absorbed slows the rate at
which energy escapes to space; and (e) the slower passage of energy heats up the atmosphere,
water, and ground. By increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, humans are
increasing the atmosphere’s absorption of infrared light, thereby warming Earth and disrupting
global climate patterns.
Effec.
28.wild l ife as affected by climate change A series of Presentation ByMr All...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad Khan Special Consultant NRM , Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Province , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
8.wild life and impacts of climate change on wildlifeMr.Allah Dad Khan
A series of Presentation ByMr Allah Dad Khan Special Consultant NRM , Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Province , Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan allahdad52@gmail.com
Understanding-Climate-Changes , global warmingRaju678948
Title: "Understanding Climate Change: A Comprehensive Overview"
Description:
Welcome to our SlideShare presentation on climate change, where we explore the science, impacts, and solutions to one of the most pressing challenges of our time. Join us as we delve into the complex dynamics of climate change and its far-reaching consequences on our planet and society.
**Key Sections:**
1. Introduction to Climate Change: Defining the phenomenon and identifying its primary drivers, including human activities and natural factors.
2. Evidence of Climate Change: Presenting compelling data and visuals showcasing the observable effects of climate change, such as rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps.
3. Impacts of Climate Change: Examining the environmental, economic, and social repercussions of a changing climate, from biodiversity loss and habitat destruction to economic instability and human displacement.
4. Global Responses to Climate Change: Highlighting international agreements, national policies, and corporate initiatives aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to climate impacts.
5. Mitigation Strategies: Exploring various approaches to reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to renewable energy sources, including renewable energy deployment, energy efficiency measures, and afforestation efforts.
6. Adaptation Measures: Discussing strategies for enhancing resilience and preparedness at the individual, community, and institutional levels to cope with the impacts of climate change.
7. Call to Action: Empowering individuals, organizations, and governments to take decisive action in addressing climate change through advocacy, education, and collective efforts.
8. Hope for the Future: Concluding with a message of optimism and resilience, emphasizing the transformative potential of climate action and the opportunity to create a more sustainable and equitable world for future generations.
Join us on this journey to deepen your understanding of climate change and inspire positive change in the fight against this global crisis. Let's work together to safeguard our planet and build a brighter, more resilient future for all. #ClimateChange #Sustainability #ActOnClimate
The presentation analyses the causative factors, phenomenon and effects of global warming and tries to find answers to this perplexing problem facing mankind
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Tropical Rainforest Biomes
1. No. Name Matric No
1. Shahid bin Dzayuddin 129993
2. Fatin Filzah Nur binti Abdul Kadir 131251
3. Nur Adnin binti Mat Ripa 129963
4. Ainnur Azwa bt Zaidi 129928
5. Zahirah binti Mohamad Tahir 130009
BBT 308
TROPICAL PLANT ECOLOGY
2. DEFINITION OF RAINFOREST BIOME
• The tropical rainforest biome has very
high annual rainfall, high average
temperatures and high levels of
biodiversity.
• Rainfall : Receive very high rainfall
each year and there are distinct dry
seasons in some rainforests.
• Temperature: Tropical rainforests are
found near the equator, between the
Tropic of Cancer (23°27’N) and the
Tropic of Capricorn (23°27’S). The
equator receives direct sunlight.
• Biodiversity: It contain about 50% of
the world’s terrestrial plant and animal
species.
3. CHARACTERISTICS OF RAINFOREST BIOMES
Species diversity-
highest volume of plant and
animal life, evergren
Vegetation levels
Each level receives different
amount of sunlight
Scanty litter
Organic matter settling
on the ground
4. CLIMATE - Hot,humid
environment in equatorial
climate
High annual rainfall
2,000 – 3,000 mm
No four seasons.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RAINFOREST BIOMES
5. Each of the level contain different type of niche for plant and animal
CHARACTERISTICS OF RAINFOREST BIOMES
7. Improve air quality
Stabilise the soil
Provide cool shade
Medicinal herbs,
raw material,
foods-fruitsGood resources
Natural air filter removing dust, smoke and fumes
– by trapping them on their leaves
Photosyntesis
Absorb excess Carbon
dioxide
Provide the oxygenCombat climate change-
Greenhouse effect, Global
warming
Conserving the water
Provide habitat for wildlife
Water absorbance
Prevent soil erosion, flooding
TREE PROTECT FUTURE
Evapotranspiration
Serves cool and modify the
summer temperature
8. Resources of food , raw
material and medicine
Provide habitat for biodiversity and
livehood for human
Watershed
protection
Provide the oxygen
Help maintaining water
cycle
Mitigate climate change –
absorbing the harmful
greenhouse gasses
Act as natural buffer in
natural disaster- rainfall
and flood
Reducing and slowing the
amount of erosion and
chemical that reach
waterway
Stabilizing the ecological
stability
Economic benefit –
provide timber and
wood
IMPORTANCE AND
ROLES OF FOREST
9. 1. Supply oxygen to the atmosphere through photosynthesis.
2. Control humidity and temperature through transpiration.
3. Reduce the amount of greenhouse effect by using carbon
dioxide for photosynthesis.
4. Help stabilize the world’s climate by absorbing carbon
dioxide from atmosphere.
5. Carbon storage. (plant can store carbon in their tissues as they
grow)
6. Regulate local and global weather. (forests cool local climate
and help generate rainfall)
7. Global heat balance. (forests have a low albedo,they absorb
high proportion of the solar energy falling on them)
HOW DO TROPICAL RAINFOREST AFFECT
GLOBAL CLIMATE
10. Water cycle
Climate regulation through cooling the air that
passes through them and the release of water
vapour which leads to cloud formation.
Albedo values
(dark area, low albedo)
11. A change in global or regional climate
patterns, in particular a change apparent
from the mid to late 20th century
onwards and attributed largely to the
increased levels of atmospheric carbon
dioxide produced by the use of fossil
fuels.
What Is Climate
Change?
A fisherman carries a boat's engine through
parched rain forest on the banks of the Negro
river in northern Brazil in 2010
Human disturbance by forest burning lead to
the climate change.
12. WEATHER
Weather is the short-term changes we
seeintemperature,clouds,precipitation,
humidityandwindinaregionoracity.
Weather can vary greatly from one day
tothenext,orevenwithinthesameday.
CLIMATE
The climate of a region or city is
its weather averaged over many
years.
This is usually different for
different seasons.
The climate of a city, region or
the entire planet changes very
slowly.
These changes take place on the
scale of tens, hundreds and
thousands of years.
VERSUS
13. What Is Causing Earth's
Climate to Change?
• Chemical Fertilizer
• Deforestation
• Increase vehicles
• Emission of GHG
• Indestries
• Emission of CO2
Athroponic
Cause
• Sunspot and solar cycle
• Ocean currents
• Forest fire
• Volcanic eruption
• Meteorites
• Methane eission from water
Natural
Cause
Sunspot and solar cycle
Deforestation result in increase greenhouse
gasses around the earth’s atmosphere
14. “Global Warning” refers to the long-terms increase in
Earth’s average temperature.
What Is the Difference Between "Climate
Change" and "Global Warming"?
"Climate change" refers to any long-term change in Earth's
climate, or in the climate of a region or city. This includes
warming, cooling and changes besides temperature.
15. More than 97 per cent of climate scientists agree that changes to the
global climate in the last century have been caused by anthropogenic
activity.
Since the industrial revolution, global emissions of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases have been exorbitant, leading to the
phenomenon that, until relatively recently, has been known by the
misnomer ‘global warming’.
The change in terminology to “climate change” was to emphasise that
the pollution of our atmosphere could result in a variety of extreme
weather events, not just warming.
16. The sun sets in Tangier, Virginia, May 15, 2017, where climate change and rising sea levels
threaten the inhabitants of the slowly sinking island. Now measuring 1.2 square miles, Tangier
Island has lost two-thirds of its landmass since 1850
17. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON
TROPICAL RAINFOREST
• Global climate change initiated by global warming is expected to have wide-
ranging effects for tropical rainforests.
• Changes in weather patterns, rainfall distribution, and temperature will result
in the transformation of rainforest into drier forest in some areas.
• Sea levels rise, large tracts of coastal lowland rainforest and enormous areas
of mangrove forest will be affected.
• Ecological communities will need to migrate, an effort that will be more
difficult because of habitat alteration and fragmentation.
18. EFFECT OF SEA LEVEL RISE
Mangroves help protect coasts and
human populations from extreme
weather, such as hurricanes which are
intensifying due to climate change.
Large tracts of coastal lowland rainforest
will be affected that can make some species
destroyed.
19. • Rainfall-starved tropical forests lose
massive amounts of carbon due to
reduced plant growth and dying trees.
• Under dry conditions, small surface fires
can easily spread into surrounding forests
areas, burning leaf litter and seedlings.
• Drought also affected the species
composition of the forest.
On the left, low-intensity fires open
up the canopy. For comparison,
primary Amazon rainforest on the
right.
HOW DROUGHT AFFECTS THE AMAZON
20. The impacts of future climate change will be
worsened by massive habitat loss and destruction.
No more plants is available causing
the animals lose their habitat.
21. It shows that if the big trees go extinct, then the capacity of the forest to store carbon is
reduced. If forests cannot store carbon in the way that they usually did, then the negative
effects of climate change can be exacerbated.
