The Community Engagement Core works with Pacific Northwest tribes to evaluate chemical exposures that impact tribal health and engage in culturally appropriate risk reduction. Recent projects include (1) measuring tribesmembers' exposure to PAHs from traditionally smoking salmon and determining how these chemicals are processed in the body, and (2) monitoring contaminants in tribal shellfish beds using passive sampling devices to protect this important resource and identify risks. The Core is developing a Virtual Tribal Lab Consortium to share environmental health resources between tribes, universities, and the EPA to enable tribal communities to conduct their own studies.
This document summarizes a research project studying exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from traditionally smoking salmon among members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The project observed volunteers smoking salmon in a tipi and smoke shed, collecting air and urine samples to analyze PAH exposure. Analysis found lower PAH levels in the tipi air and volunteers' urine, suggesting lower exposure. PAHs were also detected in traditionally smoked but not commercially smoked salmon. The results were shared with the community to balance health and preservation of cultural practices.
Tribal-University Evaluation of Chemical Exposures to Improve Community HealthOSU_Superfund
This document summarizes environmental health research collaborations between Oregon State University and the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community. It describes two new studies investigating air quality and chemical exposures on the Swinomish reservation resulting from concerns about pollution from nearby oil refineries. The first study uses silicone wristbands to measure individuals' personal exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The second study installs new air monitors on the reservation to collect samples that will be analyzed for PAHs and tested for toxicity, in order to determine if air pollution is coming from the local refineries. It also discusses engaging Native American students and training the next generation.
The Community Engagement Core (CEC) within the Superfund Research Center at Oregon State University builds scientific capacity in Tribal communities and cultural capacity within the research community. We are improving risk assessment models by accounting for tribal land-use scenarios and unique exposure pathways. By translating this knowledge into effective and appropriate risk reduction strategies, we will reduce environmental disparities and improve the health of Pacific Northwest Tribes.
For more information visit our web site: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/outreach
The Community Engagement Core (CEC) works with Native American Tribes to evaluate chemical exposures and build scientific and cultural capacity. Dr. Anna Harding founded and led the CEC for many years but has announced her retirement. Dr. Molly Kile has taken over as the new director, bringing experience working with communities impacted by environmental contaminants. The CEC partners with Tribes to translate knowledge into effective risk reduction strategies to reduce exposure to environmental pollution and contribute to self-protection.
Evolution of a Robust Tribal-University Research Partnership to Investigate T...OSU_Superfund
Presented by Diana Rohlman at the Contemporary Northwest Tribal Health Conference
March 28-29, 2014 in Portland, OR
For more information and resources on Tribal - University research, please visit our web site: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/outreach
This document describes a study that developed a photoacoustic spectroscopy method to noninvasively monitor endogenous methane production in small laboratory animals and humans. The method was used to measure whole-body methane emission in mice and rats under normal conditions, after antibiotic treatment to reduce gut methanogens, and after lipopolysaccharide administration. Single-breath methane analyses were also performed on human participants. The study aimed to establish photoacoustic spectroscopy as a reliable tool for monitoring in vivo methane dynamics in response to various treatments.
The Washington State Department of Health conducted this health consultation to evaluate the potential cumulative health effects from eating fish caught in three sections of the Spokane River that contain multiple contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and metals.
DOH reached three conclusions: 1) Eating whole fish and fillets from the Spokane River for 30 years could increase cancer risk. Risk is higher for those eating whole fish. 2) Eating fish from some locations for over a year could harm non-cancer health due to PCBs and PBDEs. 3) Eating fish from the river could harm health due to the
The Community Engagement Core works with Pacific Northwest tribes to evaluate chemical exposures that impact tribal health and engage in culturally appropriate risk reduction. Recent projects include (1) measuring tribesmembers' exposure to PAHs from traditionally smoking salmon and determining how these chemicals are processed in the body, and (2) monitoring contaminants in tribal shellfish beds using passive sampling devices to protect this important resource and identify risks. The Core is developing a Virtual Tribal Lab Consortium to share environmental health resources between tribes, universities, and the EPA to enable tribal communities to conduct their own studies.
This document summarizes a research project studying exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from traditionally smoking salmon among members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The project observed volunteers smoking salmon in a tipi and smoke shed, collecting air and urine samples to analyze PAH exposure. Analysis found lower PAH levels in the tipi air and volunteers' urine, suggesting lower exposure. PAHs were also detected in traditionally smoked but not commercially smoked salmon. The results were shared with the community to balance health and preservation of cultural practices.
Tribal-University Evaluation of Chemical Exposures to Improve Community HealthOSU_Superfund
This document summarizes environmental health research collaborations between Oregon State University and the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community. It describes two new studies investigating air quality and chemical exposures on the Swinomish reservation resulting from concerns about pollution from nearby oil refineries. The first study uses silicone wristbands to measure individuals' personal exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The second study installs new air monitors on the reservation to collect samples that will be analyzed for PAHs and tested for toxicity, in order to determine if air pollution is coming from the local refineries. It also discusses engaging Native American students and training the next generation.
The Community Engagement Core (CEC) within the Superfund Research Center at Oregon State University builds scientific capacity in Tribal communities and cultural capacity within the research community. We are improving risk assessment models by accounting for tribal land-use scenarios and unique exposure pathways. By translating this knowledge into effective and appropriate risk reduction strategies, we will reduce environmental disparities and improve the health of Pacific Northwest Tribes.
For more information visit our web site: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/outreach
The Community Engagement Core (CEC) works with Native American Tribes to evaluate chemical exposures and build scientific and cultural capacity. Dr. Anna Harding founded and led the CEC for many years but has announced her retirement. Dr. Molly Kile has taken over as the new director, bringing experience working with communities impacted by environmental contaminants. The CEC partners with Tribes to translate knowledge into effective risk reduction strategies to reduce exposure to environmental pollution and contribute to self-protection.
Evolution of a Robust Tribal-University Research Partnership to Investigate T...OSU_Superfund
Presented by Diana Rohlman at the Contemporary Northwest Tribal Health Conference
March 28-29, 2014 in Portland, OR
For more information and resources on Tribal - University research, please visit our web site: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/outreach
This document describes a study that developed a photoacoustic spectroscopy method to noninvasively monitor endogenous methane production in small laboratory animals and humans. The method was used to measure whole-body methane emission in mice and rats under normal conditions, after antibiotic treatment to reduce gut methanogens, and after lipopolysaccharide administration. Single-breath methane analyses were also performed on human participants. The study aimed to establish photoacoustic spectroscopy as a reliable tool for monitoring in vivo methane dynamics in response to various treatments.
The Washington State Department of Health conducted this health consultation to evaluate the potential cumulative health effects from eating fish caught in three sections of the Spokane River that contain multiple contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and metals.
DOH reached three conclusions: 1) Eating whole fish and fillets from the Spokane River for 30 years could increase cancer risk. Risk is higher for those eating whole fish. 2) Eating fish from some locations for over a year could harm non-cancer health due to PCBs and PBDEs. 3) Eating fish from the river could harm health due to the
Axelrod Becker Consulting facilitated the 2.5 day environment and health summit for MDI Biological Laboratory. Key stakeholders published their action plan commitments in Current Environmental Health Reports.
Identifying and Prioritizing Chemicals with Uncertain Burden oMalikPinckney86
Identifying and Prioritizing Chemicals with Uncertain Burden of Exposure:
Opportunities for Biomonitoring and Health-Related Research
Edo D. Pellizzari,1 Tracey J. Woodruff,2 Rebecca R. Boyles,3 Kurunthachalam Kannan,4 Paloma I. Beamer,5 Jessie P. Buckley,6
Aolin Wang,2 Yeyi Zhu,7,8 and Deborah H. Bennett9 (Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes)
1Fellow Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
2Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
3Bioinformatics and Data Science, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
4Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
5Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
6Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Heath, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
7Northern California Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California, USA
8Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
9Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
BACKGROUND: The National Institutes of Health’s Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the
impact of environmental factors on childhood disease. Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use. The challenge is to prioritize chemi-
cals for biomonitoring that may present health risk concerns.
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to prioritize chemicals that may elicit child health effects of interest to ECHO but that have not been biomonitored nation-
wide and to identify gaps needing additional research.
METHODS: We searched databases and the literature for chemicals in environmental media and in consumer products that were potentially toxic. We
selected chemicals that were not measured in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. From over 700 chemicals, we chose 155 chemi-
cals and created eight chemical panels. For each chemical, we compiled biomonitoring and toxicity data, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ex-
posure predictions, and annual production usage. We also applied predictive modeling to estimate toxicity. Using these data, we recommended
chemicals either for biomonitoring, to be deferred pending additional data, or as low priority for biomonitoring.
RESULTS: For the 155 chemicals, 97 were measured in food or water, 67 in air or house dust, and 52 in biospecimens. We found in vivo endocrine, de-
velopmental, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects for 61, 74, 47, and 32 chemicals, respectively. Eighty-six had data from high-throughput in vitro
assays. Positive results for endocrine, developmental, neurotoxicity, ...
Identifying and prioritizing chemicals with uncertain burden ossuser47f0be
This document summarizes a study that aimed to prioritize chemicals for biomonitoring that may present health risks to children, as part of the National Institutes of Health's ECHO initiative. The researchers identified over 700 chemicals from environmental media and consumer products databases that had not been measured in the NHANES. They compiled toxicity and exposure data on 155 chemicals and organized them into 8 panels. Based on the data, 36 chemicals were recommended for biomonitoring, 108 were deferred pending more research, and 11 were deemed a low priority. The study identified many chemicals that lack data on biomonitoring methods and health effects, representing opportunities for future research.
Food packaging and Bisphenol A (BPA) - phthalate exposurericguer
This study evaluated the contribution of food packaging to exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) through a dietary intervention. 20 participants from 5 families were selected based on their usual consumption of canned and packaged foods. Participants provided urine samples before, during, and after a 3-day fresh foods diet that limited packaging. Urinary levels of BPA and DEHP metabolites significantly decreased during the fresh foods intervention, with BPA reduced by 66% and DEHP metabolites reduced by 53-56%. The findings suggest food packaging substantially contributes to exposure of BPA and DEHP.
Detoxification of the major organ systems of the body is ever increasingly important. Environment, genetics, nutritional status and lifestyle all play interacting roles that can influence one's quality of life. Learn how to safely detoxify using real food and basic nutrients with the Detox 360 Program. This is an introduction for informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose or replace medical care.
This thesis examines organophosphate pesticide exposure in Australian agricultural workers through biological monitoring and risk assessment. A cross-sectional study assessed exposure among four groups: fruit and vegetable farmers, pilots and mixer/loaders, formulation plant staff, and a control group. Urine and blood samples were collected and questionnaires administered. Farmers had good pesticide knowledge but low personal protective equipment use. Urine testing found generally low pesticide metabolite levels in farmers, higher levels in formulators and pilots/mixer/loaders, and detectable levels in controls indicating environmental exposure. The urine test was a useful exposure indicator and may help industry risk assessment if biological exposure indices are established.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Determinants of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene glu...Enrique Moreno Gonzalez
Associations between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and colorectal cancer have been reported previously but few studies have characterized PAH exposure using biological measurements. We evaluated colorectal cancer risk in relation to urinary concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide (1-OHPG), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolite, and assessed determinants of PAH exposure among controls in the Shanghai Women’s Health Study (SWHS).
Zebrafish as an alternative method for determining the embryo toxicity of pla...Noor Zada
The document systematically reviews 12 articles that evaluated the toxicity of various plant products using zebrafish embryos. The plant products tested included caffeine, cannabinoids, nicotine, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, rutin, matrine, sophocarpine, and arecoline. The studies assessed endpoints such as mortality, developmental abnormalities, heart rate, locomotor activity, and growth. Many found similar results to mammalian studies, demonstrating zebrafish embryos can be a valid alternative model for toxicity testing of plant products.
Composition and Toxicity of Biogas Produced from DifferentFe.docxmccormicknadine86
Composition and Toxicity of Biogas Produced from Different
Feedstocks in California
Yin Li,† Christopher P. Alaimo,† Minji Kim,† Norman Y. Kado,§ Joshua Peppers,‡ Jian Xue,†
Chao Wan,† Peter G. Green,† Ruihong Zhang,‡ Bryan M. Jenkins,‡ Christoph F. A. Vogel,§
Stefan Wuertz,∥ Thomas M. Young,† and Michael J. Kleeman*,†
†Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, and §Department of
Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California − Davis, Davis, California 95616,
United States
∥Singapore Center for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore 637551
*S Supporting Information
ABSTRACT: Biogas is a renewable energy source composed
of methane, carbon dioxide, and other trace compounds
produced from anaerobic digestion of organic matter. A
variety of feedstocks can be combined with different digestion
techniques that each yields biogas with different trace
compositions. California is expanding biogas production
systems to help meet greenhouse gas reduction goals. Here,
we report the composition of six California biogas streams
from three different feedstocks (dairy manure, food waste, and
municipal solid waste). The chemical and biological
composition of raw biogas is reported, and the toxicity of
combusted biogas is tested under fresh and photochemically
aged conditions. Results show that municipal waste biogas
contained elevated levels of chemicals associated with volatile chemical products such as aromatic hydrocarbons, siloxanes, and
certain halogenated hydrocarbons. Food waste biogas contained elevated levels of sulfur-containing compounds including
hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, and sulfur dioxide. Biogas produced from dairy manure generally had lower concentrations of
trace chemicals, but the combustion products had slightly higher toxicity response compared to the other feedstocks.
Atmospheric aging performed in a photochemical smog chamber did not strongly change the toxicity (oxidative capacity or
mutagenicity) of biogas combustion exhaust.
1. INTRODUCTION
Biogas is a renewable fuel produced from the anaerobic
digestion of organic feedstocks including municipal waste, farm
waste, food waste, and energy crops. Raw biogas typically
consists of methane (50−75%), carbon dioxide (25−50%),
and smaller amounts of nitrogen (2−8%). Trace levels of
hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, hydrogen, and various volatile
organic compounds are also present in biogas depending on
the feedstock.1 Life cycle assessment studies have shown that
deploying biogas technologies can effectively reduce green-
house gas (GHG) emissions and, therefore, reduce the climate
impact of energy consumption.2−4 Biogas production and
utilization practices also help diversify energy systems while
simultaneously promoting sustainable waste management
practices.1,5 California is promoting biogas utilization by
mandating the low carbon fuels, ...
This document summarizes a study that measured levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in human urine samples. The study found:
1) Overall, urinary BPA levels in students sampled in 1992 were significantly higher than in students sampled in 1999.
2) In 1992 samples, BPA levels were positively correlated with coffee and tea consumption, but no such correlation was found in 1999 samples.
3) Recent changes to can coatings in Japan may help explain the differences found between the 1992 and 1999 cohorts.
This document is the curriculum vitae of Court D. Sandau, which provides information about his education, career experience, areas of expertise, and selected project experiences. It outlines that Dr. Sandau has a PhD in Chemistry and is the principal and senior chemist at Chemistry Matters, with over 20 years of experience in environmental forensics, expert witness work, and scientific investigations. It also provides details on 3 litigation support projects involving chemical fingerprinting to determine the source of environmental contamination.
Body Burden of Toxicants - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~
FUNDING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BY THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL ...Lyle Birkey
This document summarizes federal funding for environmental research and development by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2014. It outlines the EPA's six major research areas and budgets for each. In 2014, the EPA's total budget for environmental research was $555 million. The largest shares went to research related to sustainable and healthy communities ($155 million), chemical safety and sustainability ($131 million), and safe and sustainable water resources ($111 million). The document provides details on the goals and programs within each research area.
Intern Poster Presentation 7 22 Final v2Nwanne Agada
1) An environmental public health analyst conducted an exposure risk assessment that included developing a questionnaire to understand how a population may be exposed to contaminants through activities like food consumption, chemical contact at work, etc.
2) The questionnaire was adapted from other studies and included 38 questions across various topics.
3) The exposure risk assessment was submitted for approval and funding, and preliminary results will integrate data from the questionnaire with environmental sampling to estimate population exposure to contaminants.
The document introduces the Green Health Care Program, which aims to educate health professionals about ecologically sustainable practices, build a network of green health care providers, and provide sustainable medical services. The program is run by the non-profit Teleosis Institute and seeks to address the negative impacts of conventional medicine on human and environmental health by promoting more sustainable approaches.
This study analyzed samples from 2,401 domestic wells across the United States for 55 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs were detected in 65% of samples, with mixtures of two or more VOCs found in 34% of wells. While only 1.2% of samples exceeded legal limits, the findings suggest domestic wells may be vulnerable to VOC contamination from both natural and human-caused sources. More research is needed to understand VOC mixtures and the effectiveness of in-home water treatment systems in removing potential health risks.
This document summarizes the USEPA's Endocrine Disruptors Research Program. It outlines the program's goals of better understanding the science of endocrine disruptors and their impacts on human and wildlife health. Examples are provided of the EPA's research, including identifying chemicals of concern, their modes of action and effects, major sources of exposure, and impact studies. The program coordinates with other agencies and organizations internationally. Future directions may include expanding methods development and partnerships to further the program's goals.
This document discusses concerns about inorganic arsenic in food and provides context on the issue. It notes that while arsenic is naturally occurring, it is also classified as a human carcinogen. Recent increased sensitivity in testing and media coverage has led to growing consumer awareness and concerns about levels in foods like rice and apple juice. The document reviews studies on arsenic exposure and risks from rice, as well as evaluations by expert groups like JECFA and EFSA that found mean exposures to be below levels of toxicological concern. It emphasizes that the dose is critical in determining toxicity, and environmental exposures from foods are typically far below doses shown to cause health effects.
This research proposal aims to utilize kamias as an alternative seasoning mix for sinigang. Kamias is abundant in the locality but often goes to waste. The researchers will create three treatments using different ratios of powdered kamias mixed with other ingredients like onion, salt, pepper and shrimp. High school teachers will evaluate the treatments based on appearance, aroma, flavor, color and overall acceptability. Statistical analysis like ANOVA and Scheffe tests will determine if differences exist between the treatments. The results could be used in an extension program to provide income and improve living standards in the community. The proposed budget is PHP 40,000.
Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Bioactivity in Zebrafish: High Content Data for P...OSU_Superfund
Dr. Robert Tanguay's presentation on April 30, 2014 with the 21st Century Toxicology Seminar Series of the California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation. https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.766268766739722.1073741858.440748475958421&type=3&uploaded=5
For more information about the research of Robert Tanguay, visit the Superfund Research Program: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu and the Environmental Health Science Center: http://ehsc.oregonstate.edu
Data-Sharing Issues for Community-Based Research Projects Involving Academic ...OSU_Superfund
Anna K. Harding, PhD
College of Public Health and Human Sciences
Oregon State University
More information on symposium: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/LSUSymposium1.13#91
More information on research: http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/outreach
More Related Content
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Axelrod Becker Consulting facilitated the 2.5 day environment and health summit for MDI Biological Laboratory. Key stakeholders published their action plan commitments in Current Environmental Health Reports.
Identifying and Prioritizing Chemicals with Uncertain Burden oMalikPinckney86
Identifying and Prioritizing Chemicals with Uncertain Burden of Exposure:
Opportunities for Biomonitoring and Health-Related Research
Edo D. Pellizzari,1 Tracey J. Woodruff,2 Rebecca R. Boyles,3 Kurunthachalam Kannan,4 Paloma I. Beamer,5 Jessie P. Buckley,6
Aolin Wang,2 Yeyi Zhu,7,8 and Deborah H. Bennett9 (Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes)
1Fellow Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
2Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
3Bioinformatics and Data Science, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
4Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
5Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
6Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Heath, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
7Northern California Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California, USA
8Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
9Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
BACKGROUND: The National Institutes of Health’s Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the
impact of environmental factors on childhood disease. Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use. The challenge is to prioritize chemi-
cals for biomonitoring that may present health risk concerns.
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to prioritize chemicals that may elicit child health effects of interest to ECHO but that have not been biomonitored nation-
wide and to identify gaps needing additional research.
METHODS: We searched databases and the literature for chemicals in environmental media and in consumer products that were potentially toxic. We
selected chemicals that were not measured in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. From over 700 chemicals, we chose 155 chemi-
cals and created eight chemical panels. For each chemical, we compiled biomonitoring and toxicity data, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ex-
posure predictions, and annual production usage. We also applied predictive modeling to estimate toxicity. Using these data, we recommended
chemicals either for biomonitoring, to be deferred pending additional data, or as low priority for biomonitoring.
RESULTS: For the 155 chemicals, 97 were measured in food or water, 67 in air or house dust, and 52 in biospecimens. We found in vivo endocrine, de-
velopmental, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects for 61, 74, 47, and 32 chemicals, respectively. Eighty-six had data from high-throughput in vitro
assays. Positive results for endocrine, developmental, neurotoxicity, ...
Identifying and prioritizing chemicals with uncertain burden ossuser47f0be
This document summarizes a study that aimed to prioritize chemicals for biomonitoring that may present health risks to children, as part of the National Institutes of Health's ECHO initiative. The researchers identified over 700 chemicals from environmental media and consumer products databases that had not been measured in the NHANES. They compiled toxicity and exposure data on 155 chemicals and organized them into 8 panels. Based on the data, 36 chemicals were recommended for biomonitoring, 108 were deferred pending more research, and 11 were deemed a low priority. The study identified many chemicals that lack data on biomonitoring methods and health effects, representing opportunities for future research.
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Detoxification of the major organ systems of the body is ever increasingly important. Environment, genetics, nutritional status and lifestyle all play interacting roles that can influence one's quality of life. Learn how to safely detoxify using real food and basic nutrients with the Detox 360 Program. This is an introduction for informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose or replace medical care.
This thesis examines organophosphate pesticide exposure in Australian agricultural workers through biological monitoring and risk assessment. A cross-sectional study assessed exposure among four groups: fruit and vegetable farmers, pilots and mixer/loaders, formulation plant staff, and a control group. Urine and blood samples were collected and questionnaires administered. Farmers had good pesticide knowledge but low personal protective equipment use. Urine testing found generally low pesticide metabolite levels in farmers, higher levels in formulators and pilots/mixer/loaders, and detectable levels in controls indicating environmental exposure. The urine test was a useful exposure indicator and may help industry risk assessment if biological exposure indices are established.
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Composition and Toxicity of Biogas Produced from DifferentFe.docxmccormicknadine86
Composition and Toxicity of Biogas Produced from Different
Feedstocks in California
Yin Li,† Christopher P. Alaimo,† Minji Kim,† Norman Y. Kado,§ Joshua Peppers,‡ Jian Xue,†
Chao Wan,† Peter G. Green,† Ruihong Zhang,‡ Bryan M. Jenkins,‡ Christoph F. A. Vogel,§
Stefan Wuertz,∥ Thomas M. Young,† and Michael J. Kleeman*,†
†Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ‡Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, and §Department of
Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California − Davis, Davis, California 95616,
United States
∥Singapore Center for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore 637551
*S Supporting Information
ABSTRACT: Biogas is a renewable energy source composed
of methane, carbon dioxide, and other trace compounds
produced from anaerobic digestion of organic matter. A
variety of feedstocks can be combined with different digestion
techniques that each yields biogas with different trace
compositions. California is expanding biogas production
systems to help meet greenhouse gas reduction goals. Here,
we report the composition of six California biogas streams
from three different feedstocks (dairy manure, food waste, and
municipal solid waste). The chemical and biological
composition of raw biogas is reported, and the toxicity of
combusted biogas is tested under fresh and photochemically
aged conditions. Results show that municipal waste biogas
contained elevated levels of chemicals associated with volatile chemical products such as aromatic hydrocarbons, siloxanes, and
certain halogenated hydrocarbons. Food waste biogas contained elevated levels of sulfur-containing compounds including
hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, and sulfur dioxide. Biogas produced from dairy manure generally had lower concentrations of
trace chemicals, but the combustion products had slightly higher toxicity response compared to the other feedstocks.
Atmospheric aging performed in a photochemical smog chamber did not strongly change the toxicity (oxidative capacity or
mutagenicity) of biogas combustion exhaust.
1. INTRODUCTION
Biogas is a renewable fuel produced from the anaerobic
digestion of organic feedstocks including municipal waste, farm
waste, food waste, and energy crops. Raw biogas typically
consists of methane (50−75%), carbon dioxide (25−50%),
and smaller amounts of nitrogen (2−8%). Trace levels of
hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, hydrogen, and various volatile
organic compounds are also present in biogas depending on
the feedstock.1 Life cycle assessment studies have shown that
deploying biogas technologies can effectively reduce green-
house gas (GHG) emissions and, therefore, reduce the climate
impact of energy consumption.2−4 Biogas production and
utilization practices also help diversify energy systems while
simultaneously promoting sustainable waste management
practices.1,5 California is promoting biogas utilization by
mandating the low carbon fuels, ...
This document summarizes a study that measured levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in human urine samples. The study found:
1) Overall, urinary BPA levels in students sampled in 1992 were significantly higher than in students sampled in 1999.
2) In 1992 samples, BPA levels were positively correlated with coffee and tea consumption, but no such correlation was found in 1999 samples.
3) Recent changes to can coatings in Japan may help explain the differences found between the 1992 and 1999 cohorts.
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1) An environmental public health analyst conducted an exposure risk assessment that included developing a questionnaire to understand how a population may be exposed to contaminants through activities like food consumption, chemical contact at work, etc.
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This document summarizes the USEPA's Endocrine Disruptors Research Program. It outlines the program's goals of better understanding the science of endocrine disruptors and their impacts on human and wildlife health. Examples are provided of the EPA's research, including identifying chemicals of concern, their modes of action and effects, major sources of exposure, and impact studies. The program coordinates with other agencies and organizations internationally. Future directions may include expanding methods development and partnerships to further the program's goals.
This document discusses concerns about inorganic arsenic in food and provides context on the issue. It notes that while arsenic is naturally occurring, it is also classified as a human carcinogen. Recent increased sensitivity in testing and media coverage has led to growing consumer awareness and concerns about levels in foods like rice and apple juice. The document reviews studies on arsenic exposure and risks from rice, as well as evaluations by expert groups like JECFA and EFSA that found mean exposures to be below levels of toxicological concern. It emphasizes that the dose is critical in determining toxicity, and environmental exposures from foods are typically far below doses shown to cause health effects.
This research proposal aims to utilize kamias as an alternative seasoning mix for sinigang. Kamias is abundant in the locality but often goes to waste. The researchers will create three treatments using different ratios of powdered kamias mixed with other ingredients like onion, salt, pepper and shrimp. High school teachers will evaluate the treatments based on appearance, aroma, flavor, color and overall acceptability. Statistical analysis like ANOVA and Scheffe tests will determine if differences exist between the treatments. The results could be used in an extension program to provide income and improve living standards in the community. The proposed budget is PHP 40,000.
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Tribal-University Evaluation of Chemical Exposures to Improve Community Health
1. SUPERFUND RESEARCH PROGRAM
Tribal-University Evaluation of Chemical Exposures
to Improve Community Health
2015
Community Engagement Core Leadership
The purpose of the Community Engagement Core (CEC) is
to evaluate chemical exposures that are a concern for Native
American Tribes. To accomplish this goal, the CEC works to
build scientific capacity in Tribal communities and cultural
capacity within the university research community. This
mission was developed by Dr Anna Harding based on her
expertise and partnership with Tribes in the Pacific
Northwest. Dr Harding is the founding director of the CEC
has served as its Director since 2009 but after 26 years of
service to Oregon State University, she has announced her
intention to retire. Dr Molly Kile, who has been a co-leader
in the CEC for the past four years, transitioned into the
directorship in November, 2015. To insure a smooth
leadership transition, Anna will continue to work with the
CEC until June 2016.
Trained as an environmental epidemiologist, Molly Kile is an
assistant professor in the College of Public Health and Human
Sciences at Oregon State University. She has a great deal of
experience in community engagement activities and working with
communities that are disproportionately impacted by
environmental contaminants. In addition to her engagement
activities with our tribal partners, she works with communities that
are impacted by arsenic-contaminated drinking water in the United
States and Bangladesh. As the new director, Molly is looking
forward to continuing the mission of the CEC and partner with
Tribal communities that experience environmental injustice.
Through these partnerships, the CEC seeks to translate knowledge
into effective and culturally appropriate risk reduction strategies
that will reduce exposure to environmental pollution and contribute
knowledge for self-protection and remediation.
Anna Harding
(top), Molly Kile
(bottom)
2 PAH metabolism study
3 Tracing air pollution
4 Tribal collaborations
In this issue
PAHs: New Technologies and
Emerging Health Risks
The Oregon State University Superfund
Research Center (SRP) brings together a
multidisciplinary team to identify
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs) in the environment, to
characterize their toxicity, and to
determine the potential for those
exposures to influence human health.
PAHs are re-emerging as an
environmental pollutant of concern.
PAHs are formed during the burning of
carbon-based materials, and are
commonly found at Superfund sites and
urban settings. This work is supported
by the Superfund Amendment and
Reauthorization Act of 1986 and is
funded by the National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences.
2. 2 Tribal—University Partnership Current Projects
Background
Traditionally smoked salmon is a
staple and valued food for Native
American Tribes in the Pacific
Northwest. The meat is preserved by
cooking at 90 - 120°C for up to 36
hours over smoldering wood inside a
tipi or a smoke shed. In 2012, Tribal
partners expressed concern that this
process could increase polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the
preserved fish. A study was conducted
with the Department of Science and
Engineering (DOSE) at the
Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla
Indian Reservation (CTUIR) that
showed that PAH levels in traditionally
smoked salmon were much higher
than PAH levels found in cold smoked
salmon (Forsberg et al. 2012). This led
Tribal members to question how PAHs
found in traditionally smoked salmon
are absorbed, processed, and
eliminated by the body.
The Project
Our tribal partners recruited 9 CTUIR
members to participate in a
metabolism study where they ate a
small portion of traditionally smoked
salmon and provided 5 urine samples
before and after this meal. Samples
were analyzed at Oregon State
University. Overall, 4 PAHs and 10 PAH
metabolites were detected in the
urine of participants after eating 50
grams of traditionally smoked salmon.
After 24 hours, the body excreted
almost all of the PAHs and returned to
baseline which reflected PAH levels
before the volunteers ate the smoked
salmon. These results underwent
scientific peer review and were
published in Science of the Total
Environment.
Reporting Results
All participants wanted to see their
results. Guided by best practices in
reporting research data, reports were
created that let each person see how
their PAH levels compared to the
group’s average (Figure 1). This
approach was needed because of the
uniqueness of the data—no one had
measured PAH levels in Tribal
members after eating smoked salmon
before—and to protect volunteer’s
privacy. Each report also contained
information that would help people
make choices that would reduce their
exposure to PAHs while still enjoying
the nutritional and cultural benefits
Traditionally Smoked Salmon Metabolism Study
Reporting PAH biomonitoring results to participants
After Tribal volunteers ate a small
portion of traditionally smoked salmon,
the concentration of PAHs and their
metabolites rapidly increased in urine.
This shows that PAHs were absorbed by
the body. After 24 hours almost all PAH
levels returned to background levels
showing that they are quickly excreted.
People who were more hydrated
eliminated the PAHs more rapidly.
Eating fresh, frozen, canned, or air dried
salmon would reduce exposure to
PAHs. Since pregnant women and
children are more vulnerable to PAH
toxicity, they may want to limit the
amount of smoked salmon and enjoy it
prepared in these other ways.
Figure 1. This is an example of the
data included in the participant’s
reports. Each line in the figure
represents the total amount of 4
PAHs that were not metabolized in
the body and what those levels were
at 5 different time points. The
individual’s data is indicated by the
orange line and the black lines
represent the data from the other 8
participants.
The data shows that all participants
had some PAHs in their urine prior to
eating 50 grams of smoked salmon
(baseline). PAH levels rose rapidly in
the urine of all participants after
eating the traditionally smoked
salmon. While each person excreted
PAHs at a different rates, everyone
associated with smoked salmon (below).
Forsberg et al. 2012. Effect of Native American fish
smoking methods on dietary exposure to polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons and possible risks to human
health. J Ag Food Chem. 60: 6899-6906.
Motorykin et al. 2015. Metabolism and excretion rates of
parent and hydroxyl-PAHs in urine collected after
consumption of traditionally smoked salmon for Native
American volunteers. Sci. Tot. Environ. 514: 170-177.
had a similar pattern of excretion and almost all PAH
levels returned to baseline after 24 hours. One reason
people had different excretion rates was their hydration
status which was measured using urinary creatinine.
3. 3EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES TO IMPROVE COMMUNITY HEALTH
Background
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are
formed when organic material or fossil
fuels are burned. PAHs attach
themselves to very fine particulate
matter that can travel thousands of
miles in the air before falling to Earth.
By measuring PAHs, their degradation
products, and accounting for wind
speed and direction, sources of air
pollution can be identified, both
regionally and from across the Pacific
Ocean in Asia (Figure 2).
The Project
Beginning in 2010, CTUIR partnered
with OSU SRP to evaluate the impacts
of regional airborne contamination to
their reservation. Working with the air
quality technician at DOSE, one high
volume air monitor was installed on
Cabbage Hill at CTUIR. For comparison,
a second monitor was placed in the
Mount Bachelor Observatory (Bend,
OR) (Figure 2). Tribal air quality staff
were trained to operate the monitors
and replaced filters in the air samplers
every 24 hours. Samples were collected
on 83 days over the one year study
period (2010—2011). The samples
were used to measure fine particulate
matter, organic and black carbon, 32
PAHs, and 37 PAH degradation products
(nitro-PAHs and oxy-PAHs).
By gathering this data , the researchers
hoped to identify the contribution of
trans-Pacific transport of pollution to
Oregon air quality. However, no such
events were identified at Cabbage Hill.
Instead, the researchers identified a
large regional source of PAHs, coming
from the nearby coal-fired power plant
located in Boardman, OR.
The data showed that the average
levels of PAH, nitro-PAH, and oxy-PAH
levels were higher when the power
plant was operating compared to when
it was offline. This suggested that the
power plant was a regional source of
PAHs. Interestingly, the levels of PAHs
dropped in spring of 2011 when the
power plant upgraded its air pollution
scrubbers to meet the Environmental
Protection Agency’s new mercury
emission standards. This upgrade had
the unexpected benefit of substantially
reducing PAH emissions measured at
Cabbage Hill by 72% and oxy-PAH
degradation byproducts by 40%.
Although no changes in fine particulate
matter, nitro-PAH, or organic carbon
were observed, the improvements to the
power plant improved air quality in the
region. This was reviewed by scientists
and published in Environmental Science
and Technology.
Lafontaine et al. 2015. Relative Influence of Trans-Pacific
and Regional Atmospheric Transport of PAHs in the
Pacific Northwest, U.S. Environ Sci Technol, 49(23):13807-
13816.
The Unexpected Benefit of a Mercury Scrubber on PAH Emissions
Tracing the source of air pollution in the Pacific Northwest
Figure 2. Installing air monitor on Cabbage Hill (upper left ). Map showing the location of air
monitors at Cabbage Hill (CTUIR) and Mt Bachelor and their proximity to Boardman (upper
right). Illustration of tracking transport of air pollution from Asia to the Pacific Northwest
(bottom).
“Boardman was a major source of
PAH in the Columbia River Gorge,
and now it is not. That’s a good
thing ... for people living in the
Gorge”- Dr. Staci Simonich, Confederated Umatil-
la Journal, September 2015.
4. On December 2nd
, the CEC and an
OSU Financial Aid advisor went to
the Confederated Tribes of Siletz
Indians and talked to students at
the Siletz Valley Early College
Academy. The trip was organized
by Greta Frey (CEC trainee), who is a member of the Confederated
Tribes of Siletz. She was joined by Mitra Geier, another SRP trainee.
The team answered questions regarding college applications, schol-
arships and research opportunities at Oregon State University. SRP
trainees were also able to share their own college experiences with
If you have any questions, please contact
Molly Kile, Assistant Professor
Oregon State University
College of Public Health and Human Sciences
15 Milam Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331
Telephone: (541) 737-1443
Email: Molly.Kile@oregonstate.edu
Visit our website to learn about projects supported by
OSU’s Superfund Community Engagement Core:
http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/outreach
This project is funded by the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences Superfund Research Program grant P42 ESO16465
Confederated Tribes of Siletz
Reaching out to the next generation of Tribal students
4
Core Personnel
Molly Kile, Sc.D., Core Leader
Oregon State University
Barbara Harper, Ph.D., Co-Leader
Oregon State University
Anna Harding, Ph.D., Co-Leader
Oregon State University
Jamie Donatuto, Ph.D., Community Liaison
Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
Greta Frey, Superfund Trainee
Oregon State University
Confederated Tribes of Siletz and Aleut Corporation
Diana Rohlman, Ph.D., Program Coordinator
Oregon State University
Stuart Harris, B.S., Tribal Liaison
Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation
All studies referenced in this newsletter are available online
or by contacting Dr. Molly Kile.
Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
Upcoming research collaborations
The CEC will begin working on new projects with the Swinomish
Indian Tribal Community (La Conner, WA). These projects will focus
on monitoring air quality on the reservation which is in close
proximity to several oil refineries. Another project will use passive
sampling wristband technology to look at personal exposure to
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (see
photo) . To learn more about using
wristbands for personal exposure
monitoring , go to:
http://ehsc.oregonstate.edu/passive-wristband-samplers
Resources for Tribal Partnerships
Tribal partnership resources online
Working with Tribal partners, OSU SRP Center has created an online
library of resources for conducting research with Tribal
communities. This includes a link to the Traditional Tribal
Subsistence Exposure Scenario and Risk Assessment Guidance
Manual. This document captures many unique Tribal exposure
scenarios that can be used in risk assessment calculations. To learn
more, go to:
http://superfund.oregonstate.edu/conducting-research-tribal-communities