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Tranmsission Media in Data Communication .pptx
- 2. What is transmission Media ? • Transmission media is a communication channel that carries the information from the sender to the receiver. Data is transmitted through the electromagnetic signals/light.
- 3. Classification of Transmission Media
- 4. Twisted Pairs Consists of two insulated copper wires arranged in a regular spiral pattern to minimize the electromagnetic interference between adjacent pairs Often used at customer facilities and also over distances to carry voice as well as data communications Low frequency transmission medium
- 5. Types STP (shielded twisted pair) the pair is wrapped with metallic foil or braid to insulate the pair from electromagnetic interference UTP (unshielded twisted pair) • each wire is insulated with plastic wrap, but the pair is encased in an outer covering
- 6. Types
- 7. Categories of Ethernet Cables
- 8. Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages • Inexpensive and readily available • Flexible and light weight • Easy to work with and install Disadvantages • Susceptibility to interference and noise • Attenuation problem • Relatively low bandwidth (3000Hz)
- 9. Coaxial Cable Used for cable television, LANs, telephony Has an inner conductor surrounded by a braided mesh Both conductors share a common center axial, hence the term “co-axial
- 10. Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages • Higher bandwidth 400 to 600Mhz up to 10,800 voice conversations • Can be tapped easily (pros and cons) • Much less susceptible to interference than twisted pair Coax Disadvantages • High attenuation rate makes it expensive over long distance • Bulky
- 11. FIBER OPTIC Cable • Optical fiber consists of a glass core, surrounded by a glass cladding with slightly lower refractive index. • In most networks fiber-optic cable is used as the high-speed backbone, and twisted wire and coaxial cable are used to connect the backbone to individual devices.
- 12. Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages Greater capacity (bandwidth of up to 100 Gbps) Smaller size and lighter weight Lower attenuation Immune to environmental interference Highly secure due to tap difficulty and lack of signal radiation Disadvantages • Expensive to install • requires highly skilled installers • adding additional nodes is difficult
- 15. Radio Waves • Frequencies between 3 KHz and 1 GHz. • Are used for multicasts communications, such as radio and television, and paging system.
- 16. Microwaves Frequency between 1 and 300 GHz Micro waves are unidirectional. Very high frequency Micro waves can not penetrate walls. They are used in Cellular phones, satellite networks, wireless LANs.
- 17. Infrared • Frequencies between 300 GHz to 400 THz. Can not penetrate walls. • Used for short-range communication • Typical uses TV remote control IRD port • Are blocked by walls No licenses required
- 18. Advantages and Disadvantages? • . • . • . • .
- 19. Nanostation • It is ideal for Point-to-MultiPoint (PtMP) applications requiring high-performance CPE devices.