This document discusses different types of transmission media, including guided and unguided media. It focuses on twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. For twisted pair cable, it describes the types of twisted pair cable and their pros and cons. It provides details on coaxial cable performance and applications. For fiber optic cable, it explains the basic elements of the cable including the core, cladding and jacket. It also discusses the propagation modes in fiber optic cables and provides a comparison of advantages and disadvantages between twisted pair, coaxial and fiber optic cables.

1. Guided
Transmission
Media
Presentation By:
Raksha Rawat

2. What is Transmission Media?

3. Types
Transmission
Media
Guided
Media
Twisted Pair
Cable
Co axial
Cable
Fiber Optic
Cable
Un Guided
Media
Radio waves Microwaves Satellite

4. Twisted Pair Cable
• Most Popular
• Consists of two insulated
copper wires arranged in a
regular spiral pattern.
• One wire carry signal and
other ground reference.
• Color Coated
• By twisting, balance
maintained.
• Used in Telephone lines

5. Types of Twisted Pair Cable
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
• Has metal foil which covers each
pair of insulated conductors.
• Eliminate Cross talks
• Provides shielded protection
against EMI
• Two metal Conductors separated
by their own-colored plastic
insulation
• More Common Type
• Suitable for Voice and data
Communication

6. Twisted Pair Cable
Pros Cons
• Encounters attenuation
problem
• Offers low bandwidth
• Susceptible to
interference and noises
• Low cost
• Flexible
• Easy to install and
operate

7. Coaxial Cable
• Carries signal of
higher frequency
• Inner conductor:
copper
• Outer conductor:
copper mesh

8. Performance
Attenuation is much
higher
Signal weakens
quickly and
need repeaters
Minimizes electrical
and radio frequency
interference

9. Applications
Analog telephone, it
can carry 10,000
voice signals
Cable TV
Ethernet LAN In digital telephone

10. Bayonet Neill - Concelman (BNC) Connector
• Type of connector used
with coaxial ethernet cable.
• Put in, turned and locked in
position.
• Commonly used for audio,
video and networking
applications.
• 3 Parts:
1. Connector
2. T-connector
3. Terminator end

11. 11
Used to connect end of the
cable to the device like TV
Used in Ethernet Network for
expanding the network
Used at the end to prevent
signal from reflection
BNC(Bayone Neill-Concelman) Connectors

12. Fiber Optic Cable
• Made up of glass or plastic.
• Transmits signal in the form of light.
• Light follows principle of reflection.
• Provide long-distance
telecommunications
• Less Noise and distortion
• Application: Internet, Military, LANs
etc.
• Consists of three concentric
sections: the core, the cladding, and
the jacket.

13. Basic Elements of Fiber Optic Cable
Core
• Innermost section
• Thin fibers of glass or plastic
• Pathway for light to travel.
• Diameter: 8 to 100 μm
Cladding
• Glass or plastic coating on core
• Reflects light inward
Jacket
• Outermost layer
• Protective coating of plastic.
• Preserves fiber strength, absorb shock, etc.

14. Propagation Modes in Fiber Optic Cable
Single Mode Multi Mode
One mode
propagates
through fiber
Multiple modes
propagate through
fiber
Small Core Large Core
Employed for large
distances
Employed for short
distances
Less Attenuation More Attenuation
Lower Bandwidth Higher Bandwidth

15. Advantages and Disadvantages to Twisted
and Coaxial
Support Greater capacity
Smaller size and lighter weight
Lower attenuation
Electromagnetic isolation
Greater repeater spacing
Installation/ Maintenance
• Need expertise
Relatively “new” technology
Unidirectional:
• For bidirectional 2 fiber
needed
Cost
• Expensive
Advantages Disadvantages

16. THANK YOU!