Muhammad Hamza

1. Muhammad Hamza Saeed
Roll no:19014107-015
Department of Chemistry

2. Transmission Media
(Types of Transmission Media )

3. Outlines:
 What is Transmission Media
 Guided (Wired)
 Types Of Guided Media
 Twisted Pair Wires
 Coaxial Cable (or Coax)
 Fibre Optic Cable
 Unguided Media

4. What is Transmission Media
 Sending of data from one device to another through Medium is
called Transmission Media

5. Guided (Media)
 Guided transmission media means the data signals are guided along
the path like cabling system .
 Types of Guided Media
 Twisted Pair
 Coaxial cable
 Fiber Optics

6. Twisted Pair Wires
 Consists of two insulated copper wires arranged in a regular spiral
pattern to minimize the electromagnetic interference between
adjacent pairs
 Often used at customer facilities and also over distances to carry
voice as well as data communications
 Low frequency transmission medium

7. Types of Twisted Pair
 STP (shielded twisted pair)
 the pair is wrapped with metallic foil or braid to insulate the pair
from electromagnetic interference
 UTP (unshielded twisted pair)
 each wire is insulated with plastic wrap, but the pair is encased in an
outer covering

8. Advantages & Disadvantages
Twisted Pair Advantages
 Inexpensive and readily available
 Flexible and light weight
 Easy to work with and install
Twisted Pair Disadvantages
Susceptibility to interference and noise
Relatively low bandwidth (3000Hz)

9. Coaxial Cable (or Coax)
 Used for cable television, LANs, telephony
 Has an inner conductor surrounded by a braided mesh
 Both conductors share a common center axial, hence the term “co-axial”
Braided Shield foil Shield Center Conduter
Outer Jacket Dielectric

10. Coax Advantages & Disadvantages
 Advantages
 Higher bandwidth
 400 to 600Mhz
 up to 10,800 voice conversations
 Can be tapped easily (pros and cons)
 Much less susceptible to interference than twisted pair
 Disadvantages
 High attenuation rate makes it expensive over long distance
 Bulky

11. Fibre Optic Cable
 Optical fiber consists of a glass core, surrounded by a glass cladding
with slightly lower refractive index.
 In most networks fiber-optic cable is used as the high-speed
backbone, and twisted wire and coaxial cable are used to connect the
backbone to individual devices.

12. Fiber Optic Layers
 Consists of three concentric sections

13. Fiber Optic Advantages
 Advantages
 greater capacity (bandwidth of up to 100 Gbps)
 smaller size and lighter weight
 immunity to environmental interference
 highly secure due to tap difficulty and lack of signal radiation

14. Fiber Optic Disadvantages
 Expensive to install
 requires highly skilled installers
 adding additional nodes is difficult

15. Unguided Media
 Wireless transmission waves

16. Radio Waves
 Frequencies between 3 KHz and 1 GHz.
 Are used for multicasts communications, such as radio and
television, and paging system.
Omnidirectional Antenna

17. Microwaves
 Frequency between 300 MHz and 300 GHz
 Micro waves are unidirectional.
 Very high frequency Micro waves can not penetrate walls.
 They are used in Cellular phones, satellite networks, wireless LANs.

18. Infrared
 Frequencies between 300 GHz to 400 THz.
 Can not penetrate walls.
 Used for short-range communication
 Typical uses
 TV remote control
 Are blocked by walls
 No licenses required

19. THANK YOU

20. Any Question?